SpringBoot学习笔记——mock

可以使用mock对springboot web接口进行测试

1.依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2.编写测试用例

import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class HelloControllerTest {

    @Resource
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Test
    public void helloTest() throws Exception {
        String expect = "{\"code\":200,\"msg\":\"hello: 1\",\"data\": null}";
        String auth = "admin:admin";
        byte[] originAuth = auth.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
        byte[] encodedAuth = Base64.encodeBase64(originAuth);
        String authHeader = "Basic " + new String(encodedAuth);
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.set("Authorization", authHeader);
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello/1")
                .headers(headers))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.content().json(expect))
                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
    }

}

测试GET请求

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /hello/1
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = [Authorization:"Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4="]
             Body = null
    Session Attrs = {SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT=SecurityContextImpl [Authentication=UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken [Principal=org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User [Username=admin, Password=[PROTECTED], Enabled=true, AccountNonExpired=true, credentialsNonExpired=true, AccountNonLocked=true, Granted Authorities=[]], Credentials=[PROTECTED], Authenticated=true, Details=WebAuthenticationDetails [RemoteIpAddress=127.0.0.1, SessionId=1], Granted Authorities=[ROLE_USER]]]}

Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.controller.HelloController
           Method = com.example.demo.controller.HelloController#hello(Integer)

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = [Content-Type:"application/json", X-Content-Type-Options:"nosniff", X-XSS-Protection:"1; mode=block", Cache-Control:"no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate", Pragma:"no-cache", Expires:"0", X-Frame-Options:"DENY"]
     Content type = application/json
             Body = {"code":200,"msg":"hello: 1","data":null}
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

Process finished with exit code 0

测试POST请求

    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void createUserTest() throws Exception {
        String expect = "{\"code\":200,\"msg\":\"success\",\"data\": null}";
        String auth = "admin:admin";
        byte[] originAuth = auth.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
        byte[] encodedAuth = Base64.encodeBase64(originAuth);
        String authHeader = "Basic " + new String(encodedAuth);
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.set("Authorization", authHeader);
        mockMvc.perform(
                MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user")
                        .headers(headers)
                        .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .content("{\n" +
                                "  \"username\": \"admin\",\n" +
                                "  \"password\": \"admin\"\n" +
                                "}"))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.content().json(expect))
                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
    }　　

在对POST请求的测试中，添加了 @Transactional 注解，用于在对测试中插入的数据进行回滚，避免插入脏数据

使用 @SpringBootTest注解 如何配置测试环境请参考：Spring Boot 2 实战：mock测试你的web应用