WCF 的restful入门实践

WCF 的restful入门实践

Posted on 2011-04-27 14:44 愚见未来 阅读(935) 评论(3) 编辑 收藏

本文着重讲述如何用Restful方式调用WCFl进行文件的上传和下载。在前面的文章中,曾经写过Restful的WCF支持两种格式的请求和响应的数据格式:1)XML 2) JSON。事实上WCF不光支持上述两种格式,它还支持原生数据(Raw,来源于Carlos' blog)。这样一来,WCF的Restful方式实际上支持任意一种格式的,因为原生的即表明可以是任意一种格式,WCF从客户端到服务端,从服务端到客户端都会保持这种数据的原来的数据格式。通过查阅MSDN中WebMessageEncodingBindingElement 类的说明:也能找到上述的论证

首先总结一下如何在Restful的WCF的服务端和客户端传递原生的数据(Raw),在WCF中,返回值或者参数为System.IO.Stream或者System.IO.Stream的派生类型的时候,加配上HTTP请求和Restful服务操作响应消息中的ContentType,便能实现原生数据的传输。

下面通过一个上传和下载图片文件的项目示例来演示如上的结论。

第一步:在VS2008中,创建一个解决方案:WcfBinaryRestful,包括四个项目:如下图所示:

其中各个项目的说明如下表所述:

项目名称

说明

WcfBinaryRestful.Contracts

WCF服务的契约部分

WcfBinaryRestful.Service

WCF服务具体实现部分

WcfBinaryRestful.Host

WCF服务的Console程序的承载程序

WcfBinaryRestful.Client

客户端

 

第二步:在WcfBinaryRestful.Contracts中创建并设计服务契约IService.cs,代码如下:

 

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.ServiceModel; namespace WcfBinaryRestful.Contracts {     [ServiceContract]     publicinterface IService     {         [OperationContract]         System.IO.Stream ReadImg();         [OperationContract]         void ReceiveImg(System.IO.Stream stream);             } }

其中ReadImg方法用于提供jpg图片文件,供客户端下载,而ReceiveImg用于接收客户端上传的jpg图片

第三步:在WcfBinaryRestful.Service项目中创建并设计服务具体实现类:Service.cs

 

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.ServiceModel.Web; using System.Drawing; using System.Diagnostics; namespace WcfBinaryRestful.Service {     publicclass Service : Contracts.IService     {         [WebInvoke(Method ="*", UriTemplate ="ReadImg")]         public System.IO.Stream ReadImg()         {             string runDir = System.Environment.CurrentDirectory;             string imgFilePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(runDir, "jillzhanglogo.jpg");             System.IO.FileStream fs =new System.IO.FileStream(imgFilePath, System.IO.FileMode.Open);             System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);             WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType ="image/jpeg";             return fs;         }         [WebInvoke(Method ="*", UriTemplate ="ReceiveImg")]        public  void ReceiveImg(System.IO.Stream stream)         {             Debug.WriteLine(WebOperationContext.Current.IncomingRequest.ContentType);             System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);             string runDir = System.Environment.CurrentDirectory;             string imgFilePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(runDir, "ReceiveImg.jpg");             Image bmp = Bitmap.FromStream(stream);             bmp.Save(imgFilePath);         }     } }
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第四步:用配置的方式,创建服务承载项目:WcfBinaryRestful.Host。并使得服务可以用Restful方式访问。

Host.cs

 

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.ServiceModel; namespace WcfBinaryRestful.Host {     publicclass Host     {         staticvoid Main()         {             using (ServiceHost host =new ServiceHost(typeof(Service.Service)))             {                 host.Open();                 Console.WriteLine("服务已经启动!");                 Console.Read();             }         }     } }
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App.config

 

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration>     <system.serviceModel>         <services>             <service name="WcfBinaryRestful.Service.Service">                 <host>                     <baseAddresses>                         <add baseAddress="http://127.0.0.1:9874/"/>                     </baseAddresses>                 </host>                 <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WcfBinaryRestful.Contracts.IService" behaviorConfiguration="WcfBinaryRestfulBehavior"></endpoint>             </service>         </services>         <behaviors>             <endpointBehaviors>                 <behavior name="WcfBinaryRestfulBehavior">                     <webHttp/>                 </behavior>             </endpointBehaviors>         </behaviors>     </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
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第五步:实现客户端程序

Form1.cs

 

 

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WcfBinaryRestful.Client {     publicpartialclass Form1 : Form     {         public Form1()         {             InitializeComponent();         }         System.Net.WebClient wc;         privatevoid button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             wc =new System.Net.WebClient();             SaveFileDialog op =new SaveFileDialog();             if (op.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)             {                 wc.DownloadFileAsync(new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:9874/ReadImg"), op.FileName);                 wc.DownloadFileCompleted +=new AsyncCompletedEventHandler(wc_DownloadFileCompleted);                 button2.Enabled =true;                 button1.Enabled =false;             }         }         void wc_DownloadFileCompleted(object sender, AsyncCompletedEventArgs e)         {             if (e.Cancelled)             {                 button2.Enabled =false;                 button1.Enabled =true;                 MessageBox.Show("用户已经取消下载!");                 return;             }             using (System.Net.WebClient wc = e.UserState as System.Net.WebClient)             {                 button2.Enabled =false;                 button1.Enabled =true;                 MessageBox.Show("下载完毕!");             }         }         privatevoid button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             if (wc !=null)             {                 wc.CancelAsync();             }         }         System.Net.WebClient uploadWc =new System.Net.WebClient();         privatevoid button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             OpenFileDialog op =new OpenFileDialog();             op.Filter ="jpg文件(*.jpg)|*.jpg";             if (op.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)             {                 uploadWc.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "image/jpeg");                 System.IO.FileStream fs =new System.IO.FileStream(op.FileName,System.IO.FileMode.Open);                 byte[] buffer =newbyte[(int)fs.Length];                 fs.Read(buffer, 0, (int)fs.Length);                 fs.Close();                 uploadWc.UploadDataCompleted +=new System.Net.UploadDataCompletedEventHandler(uploadWc_UploadDataCompleted);                 uploadWc.UploadDataAsync(new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:9874/ReceiveImg"), buffer);                 button3.Enabled =false;                 button4.Enabled =true;             }         }         void uploadWc_UploadDataCompleted(object sender, System.Net.UploadDataCompletedEventArgs e)         {             if (e.Cancelled)             {                 button3.Enabled =true;                 button4.Enabled =false;                 MessageBox.Show("用户已经取消上传!");                 return;             }             MessageBox.Show("完成上传!");             button3.Enabled =true;             button4.Enabled =false;         }         privatevoid button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             uploadWc.CancelAsync();         }          } }
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设置好多启动项目调试后,调试,出现如下的运行界面:

1.服务承载程序运行界面图:

2.客户端运行界面图:

点击开始下载按钮,选择一个下载文件的保存位置,等待一会后,会提示下载成功,如下图所示:

打开刚才选择下载文件的保存位置,便能发现已经成功下载了jpg的图片文件:

当然顺便还可以温习一下如何异步调用Restful的WCF服务,点击取消下载可以停止下载,不再多说

点击开始上传,选择一个要上传的jpg图片,等待几秒钟,便能收到上传成功的对话框,如下图所示:

找到服务承载程序所在目录,便能看到上传的jpg图像文件:

posted @ 2012-10-16 09:52  tim_hua  阅读(200)  评论(0)    收藏  举报