如何在Windows Service里面运行程序

    这篇文章主要讲Service如何进行用户交互，我们知道，service是没有UI的，它运行在SYSTEM用户，权限很高，在它里面直接执行程序（如ShellExecute，CreateProcess等）将会失败，但有时我们的确需要在Service里面做这些事情（事实上，我觉得这种不太合理，应该通过其他方式来进行规避），我们应该怎么做呢？下面说一下我在RASU项目中的解决方案。

    其实最本质上是用CreateProcessAsUser这个API，它与CreateProcess不同之处在于，它需要传一个用户的token的HANDLE，这个句柄就代表一个用户。

    这就会带来一个问题，如果得到当前激活用户的token？

    用WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId() API可以得到当前激活用户的session id。每一个用户都有一个唯一的session id。

    OpenProcessToken去根据这个进程句柄得到一个Token句柄。

    下面是代码，最关键是看StartApplication这个函数，它是对外的唯一接口。

    参考链接：http://www.codeproject.com/KB/vista-security/SubvertingVistaUAC.aspx^{Service里面运行程序" border=0 alt="" align=absMiddle src="https://www.cnblogs.com/therock/admin/" width=7 height=7>}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Security;

namespace Common
{
    public class StartAppUtil
    {
        #region Structures

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
        {
            public int Length;
            public IntPtr lpSecurityDescriptor;
            public bool bInheritHandle;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct STARTUPINFO
        {
            public int cb;
            public String lpReserved;
            public String lpDesktop;
            public String lpTitle;
            public uint dwX;
            public uint dwY;
            public uint dwXSize;
            public uint dwYSize;
            public uint dwXCountChars;
            public uint dwYCountChars;
            public uint dwFillAttribute;
            public uint dwFlags;
            public short wShowWindow;
            public short cbReserved2;
            public IntPtr lpReserved2;
            public IntPtr hStdInput;
            public IntPtr hStdOutput;
            public IntPtr hStdError;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct PROCESS_INFORMATION
        {
            public IntPtr hProcess;
            public IntPtr hThread;
            public uint dwProcessId;
            public uint dwThreadId;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Enumerations

        enum TOKEN_TYPE : int
        {
            TokenPrimary = 1,
            TokenImpersonation = 2
        }

        enum SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL : int
        {
            SecurityAnonymous = 0,
            SecurityIdentification = 1,
            SecurityImpersonation = 2,
            SecurityDelegation = 3,
        }

        #endregion

        #region Constants

        public const int TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002;
        public const uint MAXIMUM_ALLOWED = 0x2000000;
        public const int CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = 0x00000010;

        public const int IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x40;
        public const int NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x20;
        public const int HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x80;
        public const int REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x100;

        #endregion

        #region Win32 API Imports

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr hSnapshot);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        static extern uint WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "CreateProcessAsUser", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        private extern static bool CreateProcessAsUser(IntPtr hToken, String lpApplicationName, String lpCommandLine, ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes,
            ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, bool bInheritHandle, int dwCreationFlags, IntPtr lpEnvironment,
            String lpCurrentDirectory, ref STARTUPINFO lpStartupInfo, out PROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        static extern bool ProcessIdToSessionId(uint dwProcessId, ref uint pSessionId);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "DuplicateTokenEx")]
        private extern static bool DuplicateTokenEx(IntPtr ExistingTokenHandle, uint dwDesiredAccess,
            ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, int TokenType,
            int ImpersonationLevel, ref IntPtr DuplicateTokenHandle);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(uint dwDesiredAccess, bool bInheritHandle, uint dwProcessId);

        [DllImport("advapi32", SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        private static extern bool OpenProcessToken(IntPtr ProcessHandle, int DesiredAccess, ref IntPtr TokenHandle);

        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// Launches the given application with full admin rights, and in addition bypasses the Vista UAC prompt
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strAppName">The name of the application to launch</param>
        /// <param name="procInfo">Process information regarding the launched application that gets returned to the caller</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool StartApplication(String strAppName, String strCmdLine)
        {
            uint winlogonPid = 0;
            IntPtr hUserTokenDup = IntPtr.Zero, hPToken = IntPtr.Zero, hProcess = IntPtr.Zero;
            PROCESS_INFORMATION procInfo = new PROCESS_INFORMATION();

            // obtain the currently active session id; every logged on user in the system has a unique session id
            uint dwSessionId = WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();

            // obtain the process id of the winlogon process that is running within the currently active session
            Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName("winlogon");
            foreach (Process p in processes)
            {
                if ((uint)p.SessionId == dwSessionId)
                {
                    winlogonPid = (uint)p.Id;
                }
            }

            // obtain a handle to the winlogon process
            hProcess = OpenProcess(MAXIMUM_ALLOWED, false, winlogonPid);

            // obtain a handle to the access token of the winlogon process
            if (!OpenProcessToken(hProcess, TOKEN_DUPLICATE, ref hPToken))
            {
                CloseHandle(hProcess);
                return false;
            }

            // Security attibute structure used in DuplicateTokenEx and CreateProcessAsUser
            // I would prefer to not have to use a security attribute variable and to just
            // simply pass null and inherit (by default) the security attributes
            // of the existing token. However, in C# structures are value types and therefore
            // cannot be assigned the null value.
            SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = new SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES();
            sa.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(sa);

            // copy the access token of the winlogon process; the newly created token will be a primary token
            if (!DuplicateTokenEx(hPToken, MAXIMUM_ALLOWED, ref sa, (int)SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL.SecurityIdentification, (int)TOKEN_TYPE.TokenPrimary, ref hUserTokenDup))
            {
                CloseHandle(hProcess);
                CloseHandle(hPToken);
                return false;
            }

            // By default CreateProcessAsUser creates a process on a non-interactive window station, meaning
            // the window station has a desktop that is invisible and the process is incapable of receiving
            // user input. To remedy this we set the lpDesktop parameter to indicate we want to enable user
            // interaction with the new process.
            STARTUPINFO si = new STARTUPINFO();
            si.cb = (int)Marshal.SizeOf(si);
            si.lpDesktop = @"winsta0\default"; // interactive window station parameter; basically this indicates that the process created can display a GUI on the desktop

            // flags that specify the priority and creation method of the process
            int dwCreationFlags = NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS | CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE;

            // create a new process in the current user's logon session
            bool result = CreateProcessAsUser(
                hUserTokenDup,          // client's access token
                strAppName,             // file to execute
                strCmdLine,             // command line
                ref sa,                 // pointer to process SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
                ref sa,                 // pointer to thread SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
                false,                  // handles are not inheritable
                dwCreationFlags,        // creation flags
                IntPtr.Zero,            // pointer to new environment block
                null,                   // name of current directory
                ref si,                 // pointer to STARTUPINFO structure
                out procInfo            // receives information about new process
                );

            // invalidate the handles
            CloseHandle(hProcess);
            CloseHandle(hPToken);
            CloseHandle(hUserTokenDup);

            return result; // return the result
        }
    }
}