实验一

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<array>

template<typename T>
void output1(const T &obj){
for (auto i: obj)
std::cout << "i" << ", ";
std::cout << "\b\b \n";
}

template<typename T>
void output2(const T &obj) {
for(auto p = obj.begin(); p != obj.end(); ++p)
std::cout << *p << ", ";
std::cout << "\b\b \n";
}

void test_array(){
using namespace std;

array<int, 5> x1;
cout << "x1.size() = " << x1.size() << endl;
x1.fill(42);
x1.at(0) = 999;
x1[4] = -999;
cout << "x1: ";
output1(x1);
cout << "x1: ";
output2(x1);

array<int, 5>x2=x1;
cout << boolalpha <<(x1==x2) <<endl;
x2.fill(22);
cout << "x2: ";
output1(x2);
swap(x1,x2);
cout << "x1: ";
output1(x1);
cout << "x2: ";
output1(x2);
}

void test_vector() {
using namespace std;
vector<int> v1;
cout << v1.size() << endl;
cout << v1.max_size() << endl;
v1.push_back(55);
cout << "v1: ";
output1(v1);

vector<int> v2 {1, 0, 5, 2};
v2.pop_back();
v2.erase(v2.begin());
v2.insert(v2.begin(), 999);
v2.insert(v2.end(), -999);
cout << v2.size() << endl;
cout << "v2: ";
output2(v2);

vector<int> v3(5, 42);
cout << "v3: ";
output1(v3);
vector<int> v4(v3.begin(), v3.end()-2);
cout << "v4: ";
output1(v4);
}

void test_string() {
using namespace std;
string s1{"oop"};
cout << s1.size() << endl;
for(auto &i: s1)
i -= 32;
s1 += "2023";
s1.append(", hello");
cout << s1 << endl;
}

int main() {
using namespace std;
cout << "===========测试1：array模板基础类用法===========" << endl;
test_array();
cout << "\n===========测试2：vector模板测试类用法===========" << endl;
test_vector();
cout << "\n===========测试3：string模板测试类用法===========" << endl;
test_string();
}

 

T2

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>

void test_std_complex() {
using namespace std;
complex<double> c1{3, 4}, c2{4.5};
const complex<double> c3{c2};
cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
cout << "c3.real = " << c3.real() << ", " << "c3.imag = " << c3.imag()<< endl;
cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c1 - c2 << endl;
cout << "abs(c1) = " << abs(c1) << endl;
cout << boolalpha;
cout << "c1 == c2: " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
cout << "c3 == c2: " << (c3 == c2) << endl;
complex<double> c4 = 2;
cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
c4 += c1;
cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
}

int main() {
test_std_complex();
}

 

 

T3

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class T {
public:
T(int x = 0, int y = 0);
T(const T &t);
T(T &&t);
~T();

void set_m1(int x);
int get_m1() const;
int get_m2() const;
void display() const;

friend void func();

private:
int m1, m2;

public:
static void disply_count();

public:
static const string doc;
static const int max_count;

private:
static int count;
};

const string T::doc{"a simple class"};
const int T::max_count = 99;
int T::count = 0;

T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
++count;
cout << "constructor called.\n";
}

T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
++count;
cout << "copy constructor called.\n";
}

T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
++count;
cout << "move constructor called.\n";
}

T::~T() {
--count;
cout << "destructor called.\n";
}

void T::set_m1(int x) {
m1 = x;
}

int T::get_m1() const {
return m1;
}

int T::get_m2() const {
return m2;
}

void T::display() const {
cout << m1 << ", " << m2 << endl;
}

void T::disply_count() {
cout << "T objects: " << count << endl;
}

void func() {
T t1;
t1.set_m1(55);
t1.m2 = 77;
t1.display();
}

void test() {
cout << "T class info: " << T::doc << endl;
cout << "T objects max_count: " << T::max_count << endl;
T::disply_count();

T t1;
t1.display();
t1.set_m1(42);

T t2{t1};
t2.display();

T t3{std::move(t1)};
t3.display();
t1.display();

T::disply_count();
}

int main() {
cout << "============测试类T============" << endl;
test();
cout << endl;
cout << "============测试友元函数func()============" << endl;
func();
}

 

 

T4

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

class Rect {
private:
double length;
double width;
static int count;

public:
static string doc;
Rect() : length(0), width(0) {
     ++count;
 }
Rect(double l, double w) : length(l), width(w) { count++; }
Rect(const Rect& r) : length(r.length), width(r.width) { count++; }
~Rect() {
    --count;
}
double area() const { return length * width; }
double perimeter() const { return 2 * (length + width); }
void resize(double l, double w) {
   length = l;
   width = w;
}
void resize(double s) {
length = s;
 width = s;
 }
friend void output(const Rect& r);
static int size_info() {
 return count;
 }
};

int Rect::count = 0;
 string Rect::doc { "a simple rect class"};


void output(const Rect &r) {
    cout << "矩形信息: " << endl;
cout << fixed << setprecision(2);
cout << "长: " << r.length << endl;
cout << "宽: " << r.width << endl;
cout << "面积: " << r.area() << endl;
cout << "周长: " << r.perimeter() << endl;

}

void test() {
cout << "矩形类信息: " << Rect::doc << endl;
cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
Rect r1;
output(r1);
Rect r2(4, 3);
output(r2);
Rect r3(r2);
r3.resize(2);
output(r3);
r3.resize(5, 2);
output(r3);
cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
}

int main() {
test();
cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
}

 

 

T5

#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
class Complex{
    public:
        Complex(double real = 0.0, double imag = 0.0);
        Complex(const Complex &c);
        ~Complex();
        
        double get_real() const;
        double get_imag() const;
        
        void add(const Complex &c);
        void show() const;
        
    friend Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
    friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
    friend double abs(const Complex &c);
        
    private:
        double real, imag;
};
Complex::Complex(double real, double imag): real{real}, imag{imag} {}
Complex::Complex(const Complex &c): real{c.real}, imag{c.imag} {}
Complex::~Complex() {}
double Complex::get_real() const {
    return real;
}
double Complex::get_imag() const {
    return imag;
}
void Complex::show() const {
    using namespace std;
    
    if(imag == 0) {
        cout << real << endl;
    }
    else if(imag > 0) {
        cout << real << "+" << imag << "i" << endl;
    }
    else if(imag < 0) {
        cout << real << imag << "i" << endl;
    }
}
void Complex::add(const Complex &c) {
    real += c.real;
    imag += c.imag;
}
Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2) {
    return Complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag);
}
bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2) {
    if(c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2. imag) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}
double abs(const Complex &c) {
    return sqrt(c.real * c.real + c.imag * c.imag);
}
void test() {
    using namespace std;
    
    Complex c1(3, -4);
    const Complex c2(4.5);
    Complex c3(c1);
    
    cout << "c1 = ";
    c1.show();
    cout << endl;
    
    cout << "c2 = ";
    c2.show();
    cout << endl;
    cout << "c2.imag = " << c2.get_imag() << endl;
    
    cout << "c3 = ";
    c3.show();
    cout << endl;
    
    cout << "abs(c1) = ";
    cout << abs(c1) << endl;
    
    cout << boolalpha;
    cout << "c1 == c3 : " << is_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
    cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
    
    Complex c4;
    c4 = add(c1, c2);
    cout << "c4 = c1 + c2 = ";
    c4.show();
    cout << endl;
    
    c1.add(c2);
    cout << "c1 += c2, " << "c1 = ";
    c1.show();
    cout << endl;
}
int main() {
    test();
}