在Windows10中 PowerShell ,你可以使用以下Get-WindowsFeature命令查看已安装功能组件的列表,来查询 Windows 组件功能;Get-WindowsFeature 和 dism /online /get-features 都是用于查看和管理系统功能的命令,但它们的工作方式和显示的信息有所不同。下面是它们的主要区别:
Get-WindowsFeature 和 dism /online /get-features 都是用于查看和管理系统功能的命令,但它们的工作方式和显示的信息有所不同。下面是它们的主要区别:
1. Get-WindowsFeature 命令
-
用途:这是 PowerShell 中的一个命令,专门用于列出当前 Windows Server 中已安装的角色和功能。
-
功能:该命令显示系统角色、功能的详细信息,包括它们的名称、描述、安装状态等。
-
输出:提供一个可读性较强的输出,通常以表格的形式显示角色、功能及其状态。
-
应用场景:适用于 Windows Server,尤其是在管理 Windows Server 角色和功能时。比如,查看是否安装了某个特定的角色或功能。
示例命令:
powershellGet-WindowsFeature示例输出:
Display Name Name Install State ------------ ---- ------------- Web Server (IIS) Web-Server Installed File Server FS-FileServer Installed DNS Server DNS-Server Available -
特点:这个命令只显示与 Windows Server 角色和功能相关的内容,不包括所有组件。如果你需要管理 Windows Server 中的角色、功能或特性,这个命令是推荐的。
2. dism /online /get-features 命令
-
用途:这是 DISM (Deployment Imaging Service and Management Tool) 工具中的一个命令,主要用于显示 Windows 中所有组件功能的列表,包括所有的功能和特性(不仅仅是角色)。
-
功能:显示 Windows 系统中所有可用和已安装的功能(包括客户端和服务器版本),可以获取更多细节信息,特别是与操作系统组件相关的功能。
-
输出:以列表的形式输出所有功能,包含每个功能的 名称、状态 和 描述。
-
应用场景:适用于 Windows 系统(不仅限于服务器),你可以在 Windows 的客户端版本和服务器版本中使用它。这个命令不仅列出角色和功能,还可以显示系统的其他底层功能和可用选项。
示例命令:
cmddism /online /get-features示例输出:
Feature Name : Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux State : Disabled Feature Name : NetFx3 State : Enabled -
特点:
dism提供的信息更加细致,不仅局限于角色和功能,还包括其他操作系统组件功能。如果你需要更全面的系统组件管理,dism是一个更强大的工具。
3. 总结比较:
| 功能 | Get-WindowsFeature | dism /online /get-features |
|---|---|---|
| 工具类型 | PowerShell 命令 | DISM 工具命令 |
| 查看范围 | 仅限于 Windows Server 角色和功能 | 显示所有 Windows 功能和特性,包括客户端和服务器功能 |
| 输出形式 | 表格形式,易于理解 | 列表形式,提供详细的功能信息和描述 |
| 适用场景 | 管理和查看 Windows Server 角色和功能 | 查看和管理所有 Windows 系统组件功能 |
4. 何时使用哪个命令:
- 使用
Get-WindowsFeature时,适用于 Windows Server 环境,特别是查看与角色和功能相关的内容。 - 使用
dism /online /get-features时,适用于全面管理系统功能,包括客户端和服务器版本的功能。
Get-WindowsFeature查看已安装功能组件的列表
| 显示名称 (Display Name) |
名称 (Name) |
安装状态 (Install State) |
|---|
|
PS C:\Users\Administrator> Get-WindowsFeature
Display Name Name Install State |
在Windows10中 PowerShell ,你可以使用以下命令来查询 Windows 组件功能:
powershell
Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online
这个命令会列出当前已安装的 Windows 组件功能以及可用的但尚未安装的功能。
| 功能名称 (FeatureName) |
状态 (State) |
|---|
|
PS C:\Users\Administrator> Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online
FeatureName : NetFx4ServerFeatures FeatureName : NetFx4 FeatureName : NetFx4Extended-ASPNET45 FeatureName : WCF-Services45 FeatureName : WCF-HTTP-Activation45 FeatureName : WCF-TCP-Activation45 FeatureName : WCF-Pipe-Activation45 FeatureName : WCF-MSMQ-Activation45 FeatureName : WCF-TCP-PortSharing45 FeatureName : ManagementOdata FeatureName : DSC-Service FeatureName : DeviceHealthAttestationService FeatureName : IPAMServerFeature FeatureName : RightsManagementServices-Role FeatureName : RightsManagementServices FeatureName : RMS-Federation FeatureName : RightsManagementServices-AdminTools FeatureName : ADCertificateServicesRole FeatureName : CertificateServices FeatureName : OnlineRevocationServices FeatureName : WebEnrollmentServices FeatureName : NetworkDeviceEnrollmentServices FeatureName : CertificateEnrollmentPolicyServer FeatureName : CertificateEnrollmentServer FeatureName : HostGuardianService-Package FeatureName : Web-Application-Proxy FeatureName : IdentityServer-SecurityTokenService FeatureName : NetworkController FeatureName : ActiveDirectory-PowerShell FeatureName : DirectoryServices-AdministrativeCenter FeatureName : DirectoryServices-DomainController FeatureName : DirectoryServices-ISM-Smtp FeatureName : AuthManager FeatureName : IPAMClientFeature FeatureName : WebAccess FeatureName : FSRM-Infrastructure FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-FCI-Client-Package FeatureName : UpdateServices-RSAT FeatureName : UpdateServices-API FeatureName : UpdateServices-UI FeatureName : UpdateServices FeatureName : UpdateServices-Services FeatureName : UpdateServices-Database FeatureName : UpdateServices-WidDatabase FeatureName : MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellRoot FeatureName : MicrosoftWindowsPowerShell FeatureName : iSCSITargetServer-PowerShell FeatureName : PKIClient-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : Tpm-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2 FeatureName : KeyDistributionService-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : TlsSessionTicketKey-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : RemoteAccessMgmtTools FeatureName : RemoteAccessPowerShell FeatureName : RasServerAdminTools FeatureName : DamgmtTools FeatureName : DataCenterBridging-LLDP-Tools FeatureName : WindowsPowerShellWebAccess FeatureName : NetworkControllerTools FeatureName : Server-Psh-Cmdlets FeatureName : RemoteAccess FeatureName : RemoteAccessServer FeatureName : RasRoutingProtocols FeatureName : IIS-WebServerRole FeatureName : IIS-WebServer FeatureName : IIS-CommonHttpFeatures FeatureName : IIS-Security FeatureName : IIS-RequestFiltering FeatureName : IIS-StaticContent FeatureName : IIS-DefaultDocument FeatureName : IIS-DirectoryBrowsing FeatureName : IIS-HttpErrors FeatureName : IIS-HttpRedirect FeatureName : IIS-WebDAV FeatureName : IIS-ApplicationDevelopment FeatureName : IIS-WebSockets FeatureName : IIS-ApplicationInit FeatureName : IIS-NetFxExtensibility FeatureName : IIS-NetFxExtensibility45 FeatureName : IIS-ISAPIExtensions FeatureName : IIS-ISAPIFilter FeatureName : IIS-ASPNET FeatureName : IIS-ASPNET45 FeatureName : IIS-ASP FeatureName : IIS-CGI FeatureName : IIS-ServerSideIncludes FeatureName : IIS-HealthAndDiagnostics FeatureName : IIS-HttpLogging FeatureName : IIS-LoggingLibraries FeatureName : IIS-RequestMonitor FeatureName : IIS-HttpTracing FeatureName : IIS-CustomLogging FeatureName : IIS-ODBCLogging FeatureName : IIS-CertProvider FeatureName : IIS-BasicAuthentication FeatureName : IIS-WindowsAuthentication FeatureName : IIS-DigestAuthentication FeatureName : IIS-ClientCertificateMappingAuthentication FeatureName : IIS-IISCertificateMappingAuthentication FeatureName : IIS-URLAuthorization FeatureName : IIS-IPSecurity FeatureName : IIS-Performance FeatureName : IIS-HttpCompressionStatic FeatureName : IIS-HttpCompressionDynamic FeatureName : IIS-WebServerManagementTools FeatureName : IIS-ManagementConsole FeatureName : IIS-LegacySnapIn FeatureName : IIS-ManagementScriptingTools FeatureName : IIS-ManagementService FeatureName : IIS-IIS6ManagementCompatibility FeatureName : IIS-Metabase FeatureName : IIS-WMICompatibility FeatureName : IIS-LegacyScripts FeatureName : IIS-FTPServer FeatureName : IIS-FTPSvc FeatureName : IIS-FTPExtensibility FeatureName : WAS-WindowsActivationService FeatureName : WAS-ProcessModel FeatureName : WAS-NetFxEnvironment FeatureName : WAS-ConfigurationAPI FeatureName : IIS-HostableWebCore FeatureName : BITSExtensions-AdminPack FeatureName : BITSExtensions-Upload FeatureName : WCF-HTTP-Activation FeatureName : WCF-NonHTTP-Activation FeatureName : Smtpsvc-Admin-Update-Name FeatureName : Smtpsvc-Service-Update-Name FeatureName : RPC-HTTP_Proxy FeatureName : Printing-InternetPrinting-Server FeatureName : Gateway-UI FeatureName : Gateway FeatureName : WorkFolders-Server FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Web-Services-for-Management-IIS-Extension FeatureName : MSMQ FeatureName : MSMQ-Services FeatureName : MSMQ-DCOMProxy FeatureName : MSMQ-Server FeatureName : MSMQ-ADIntegration FeatureName : MSMQ-HTTP FeatureName : MSMQ-Multicast FeatureName : MSMQ-Triggers FeatureName : MSMQ-RoutingServer FeatureName : FSRM-Infrastructure-Services FeatureName : DirectoryServices-ADAM FeatureName : ServerCore-WOW64 FeatureName : Printing-Server-Foundation-Features FeatureName : Printing-Server-Role FeatureName : Printing-LPDPrintService FeatureName : Printing-Client FeatureName : Printing-Client-Gui FeatureName : NetFx3ServerFeatures FeatureName : NetFx3 FeatureName : MediaPlayback FeatureName : WindowsMediaPlayer FeatureName : Printing-XPSServices-Features FeatureName : LegacyComponents FeatureName : DirectPlay FeatureName : Windows-Identity-Foundation FeatureName : MultiPoint-Connector FeatureName : MultiPoint-Connector-Services FeatureName : MultiPoint-Tools FeatureName : FailoverCluster-AdminPak FeatureName : HardenedFabricEncryptionTask FeatureName : SimpleTCP FeatureName : SmbDirect FeatureName : Windows-Defender FeatureName : EnhancedStorage FeatureName : Server-Manager-RSAT-File-Services FeatureName : Server-RSAT-SNMP FeatureName : WINS-Server-Tools FeatureName : BitLocker-RemoteAdminTool FeatureName : BdeAducExtTool FeatureName : RSAT-RDS-Tools-Feature FeatureName : DHCPServer-Tools FeatureName : NetworkLoadBalancingManagementClient FeatureName : RightsManagementServicesManagementTools FeatureName : Security-SPP-Vmw FeatureName : File-Services-Search-Service FeatureName : iSCSITargetStorageProviders FeatureName : BITS FeatureName : LightweightServer FeatureName : MultipathIo FeatureName : Printing-PrintToPDFServices-Features FeatureName : SNMP FeatureName : WMISnmpProvider FeatureName : Xps-Foundation-Xps-Viewer FeatureName : SMBBW FeatureName : MSRDC-Infrastructure FeatureName : WINSRuntime FeatureName : RasCMAK FeatureName : Remote-Desktop-Services FeatureName : SBMgr-UI FeatureName : SessionDirectory FeatureName : AppServer FeatureName : VmHostAgent FeatureName : NPAS-Role FeatureName : SearchEngine-Server-Package FeatureName : BitLocker-NetworkUnlock FeatureName : FailoverCluster-AutomationServer FeatureName : FailoverCluster-CmdInterface FeatureName : FRS-Infrastructure FeatureName : ResumeKeyFilter FeatureName : BiometricFramework FeatureName : SetupAndBootEventCollection FeatureName : ServerManager-Core-RSAT FeatureName : ServerManager-Core-RSAT-Role-Tools FeatureName : ServerManager-Core-RSAT-Feature-Tools FeatureName : Storage-Replica-AdminPack FeatureName : DNS-Server-Tools FeatureName : ShieldedVMToolsAdminPack FeatureName : RSAT-AD-Tools-Feature FeatureName : RSAT-ADDS-Tools-Feature FeatureName : DirectoryServices-DomainController-Tools FeatureName : DirectoryServices-ADAM-Tools FeatureName : Microsoft-Hyper-V FeatureName : Microsoft-Hyper-V-Offline FeatureName : Microsoft-Hyper-V-Online FeatureName : RSAT-Hyper-V-Tools-Feature FeatureName : Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-Clients FeatureName : Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-PowerShell FeatureName : HostGuardian FeatureName : NetworkVirtualization FeatureName : NetworkLoadBalancingFullServer FeatureName : PeerDist FeatureName : P2P-PnrpOnly FeatureName : QWAVE FeatureName : RemoteAssistance FeatureName : ServicesForNFS-ServerAndClient FeatureName : ClientForNFS-Infrastructure FeatureName : ServerForNFS-Infrastructure FeatureName : TFTP FeatureName : TIFFIFilter FeatureName : WirelessNetworking FeatureName : WebDAV-Redirector FeatureName : TelnetClient FeatureName : Printing-LPRPortMonitor FeatureName : Printing-InternetPrinting-Client FeatureName : Printing-AdminTools-Collection FeatureName : OEM-Appliance-OOBE FeatureName : DfsMgmt FeatureName : ADCertificateServicesManagementTools FeatureName : CertificateServicesManagementTools FeatureName : OnlineRevocationServicesManagementTools FeatureName : NPSMMC FeatureName : Licensing-UI FeatureName : Licensing-Diagnosis-UI FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Deployment-Services-Admin-Pack FeatureName : NFS-Administration FeatureName : FaxServiceConfigRole FeatureName : NPSManagementTools FeatureName : FSRM-Management FeatureName : CCFFilter FeatureName : FabricShieldedTools FeatureName : DataCenterBridging FeatureName : DiskIo-QoS FeatureName : ServerMigration FeatureName : SMBHashGeneration FeatureName : SmbWitness FeatureName : Storage-Replica FeatureName : Dedup-Core FeatureName : DFSN-Server FeatureName : DFSR-Infrastructure-ServerEdition FeatureName : FileServerVSSAgent FeatureName : iSCSITargetServer FeatureName : Licensing FeatureName : SoftwareLoadBalancer FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-GroupPolicy-ServerAdminTools-Update FeatureName : Windows-Internal-Database FeatureName : BitLocker FeatureName : Bitlocker-Utilities FeatureName : FailoverCluster-PowerShell FeatureName : SMB1Protocol FeatureName : SMB1Protocol-Client FeatureName : SMB1Protocol-Server FeatureName : Server-Drivers-General FeatureName : Server-Drivers-Printers FeatureName : Server-Shell FeatureName : Internet-Explorer-Optional-amd64 FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Deployment-Services FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Deployment-Services-Transport-Server FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Deployment-Services-Deployment-Server FeatureName : FaxServiceRole FeatureName : Server-Gui-Mgmt FeatureName : Server-Gui-Mgmt_onecore FeatureName : RSAT FeatureName : FailoverCluster-Mgmt FeatureName : WindowsServerBackupSnapin FeatureName : ServerMediaFoundation FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-MultiPoint-Connector FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-PhotoBasic FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Printing-PremiumTools FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-StorageService FeatureName : WindowsServerBackup FeatureName : FailoverCluster-FullServer FeatureName : Containers FeatureName : Containers-HNS FeatureName : Containers-SDN FeatureName : WindowsStorageManagementService FeatureName : DHCPServer FeatureName : DNS-Server-Full-Role FeatureName : VolumeActivation-Full-Role FeatureName : SearchEngine-Client-Package FeatureName : FileAndStorage-Services FeatureName : Storage-Services FeatureName : File-Services FeatureName : CoreFileServer FeatureName : SystemInsightsManagement FeatureName : SystemInsights FeatureName : SystemDataArchiver FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-MinConsoleFonts FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-BitmapFonts FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-TrueType FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-UAPFonts FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-Support FeatureName : StorageMigrationServiceManagement FeatureName : StorageMigrationService FeatureName : StorageMigrationServiceProxy FeatureName : AzureArcSetup FeatureName : ServerCore-Drivers-General FeatureName : ServerCore-Drivers-General-WOW64 FeatureName : Client-ProjFS FeatureName : HypervisorPlatform FeatureName : VirtualMachinePlatform FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux |
如果你只想查看已安装的功能,可以使用以下命令:
powershell
Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "Enabled"}
这将仅显示已启用(已安装)的功能列表。
|
Windows PowerShell Install the latest PowerShell for new features and improvements! https://aka.ms/PSWindows PS C:\Users\Administrator> Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "Enabled"}
FeatureName : NetFx4ServerFeatures FeatureName : NetFx4 FeatureName : WCF-Services45 FeatureName : WCF-TCP-PortSharing45 FeatureName : MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellRoot FeatureName : MicrosoftWindowsPowerShell FeatureName : Tpm-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2 FeatureName : KeyDistributionService-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : TlsSessionTicketKey-PSH-Cmdlets FeatureName : Server-Psh-Cmdlets FeatureName : ServerCore-WOW64 FeatureName : Printing-Client FeatureName : Printing-Client-Gui FeatureName : NetFx3ServerFeatures FeatureName : NetFx3 FeatureName : MediaPlayback FeatureName : WindowsMediaPlayer FeatureName : Printing-XPSServices-Features FeatureName : FailoverCluster-AdminPak FeatureName : SmbDirect FeatureName : Windows-Defender FeatureName : Printing-PrintToPDFServices-Features FeatureName : Xps-Foundation-Xps-Viewer FeatureName : FailoverCluster-AutomationServer FeatureName : ServerManager-Core-RSAT FeatureName : ServerManager-Core-RSAT-Feature-Tools FeatureName : QWAVE FeatureName : WirelessNetworking FeatureName : Server-Drivers-General FeatureName : Server-Drivers-Printers FeatureName : Server-Shell FeatureName : Internet-Explorer-Optional-amd64 FeatureName : Server-Gui-Mgmt FeatureName : RSAT FeatureName : WindowsServerBackupSnapin FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-MultiPoint-Connector FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-PhotoBasic FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-Printing-PremiumTools FeatureName : Microsoft-Windows-StorageService FeatureName : SearchEngine-Client-Package FeatureName : FileAndStorage-Services FeatureName : Storage-Services FeatureName : SystemDataArchiver FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-MinConsoleFonts FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-BitmapFonts FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-TrueType FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-UAPFonts FeatureName : ServerCoreFonts-NonCritical-Fonts-Support FeatureName : AzureArcSetup FeatureName : ServerCore-Drivers-General FeatureName : ServerCore-Drivers-General-WOW64 |
------------
在 PowerShell 中,你可以使用以下命令来安装 Windows 组件功能:
powershell
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName>
其中,<FeatureName> 是要安装的功能的名称。你可以在上一条回答中提到的 Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online 命令的输出中找到功能的名称。
例如,如果你想安装 "Internet Information Services" 功能,你可以运行以下命令:
powershell
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName IIS-WebServerRole
运行上述命令后,系统会开始下载和安装所选的功能。这可能需要一些时间,具体取决于功能的大小和数量。
------------
在 PowerShell 中,你可以使用以下命令来卸载 Windows 组件功能:
powershell
Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName <FeatureName>
其中,<FeatureName> 是要卸载的功能的名称。你可以在上一条回答中提到的 Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online 命令的输出中找到功能的名称。
例如,如果你想卸载 "Internet Information Services" 功能,你可以运行以下命令:
powershell
Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName IIS-WebServerRole
运行上述命令后,系统会开始卸载所选的功能。这可能需要一些时间,具体取决于功能的大小和数量。
------------
control.exe /name Microsoft.AdministrativeTools
为了直接使用,上面命令 直接 打开 控制面板 管理工具

浙公网安备 33010602011771号