第四周作业

1、自建yum仓库，分别为网络源和本地源

网络源配置
[BaseOS]
name=CentOS-$releasever
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever-stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        https://repo.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever-stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever-stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever-stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/ 
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[AppStream]
name=AppStream-$releasever
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever-stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        https://repo.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever-stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever-stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever-stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/ 
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[extras]
name=extras-$releasever
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        https://repo.huaweicloud.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[epel]
name=EPEL-$releasever
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
        https://repo.huaweicloud.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
        https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/epel/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://repo.huaweicloud.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-8

本地源配置
[BaseOS]
name=CentOS-$releasever
baseurl=file://misc/cd/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[AppStream]
name=AppStream-$releasever
baseurl=file://misc/cd/AppStream
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[BaseOS]
name=CentOS-$releasever
baseurl=http://10.0.0.8:8080/centos/8/BaseOS/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[AppStream]
name=AppStream-$releasever
baseurl=http://10.0.0.8:8080/centos/8/AppStream
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

2、编译安装http2.4，实现可以正常访问，并将编译步骤和结果提交。

安装相关包
dnf install gcc make autoconf apr-devel apr-util-devel pcre devel openssl-devel redhat-rpm-config

下载并解压缩包
wget https://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2
tar xvf httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/src

配置
cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.43/
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl

出现提示找不到 APR 包执行安装
yum -y install apr-devel

出现缺少文件时使用，查找缺失文件所在包
yum provides /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld

编译并安装 -j指定使用多个作业，加快编译速度
make -j 4 && make install

配置环境
echo 'PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

生效
. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

运行
apachectl start

添加apache用户
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/www -c Apache -u 48 apache

修改配置文件，指定user和group，修改访问端口为8080
vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf

配置生效和验证
apachectl restart

查看进程
ps aux | grep apache

在/var/lib/www/html中新建index.html首页文件夹

浏览器访问：http://10.0.0.8:8080/

3、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

ifconfig eth0 | sed -rn '/netmask/s#(.*inet )(.*)(n.*)#\2#gp'

4、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

sed -nr 's/^#[[:space:]]+(.*)/\1/p' /etc/fstab

5、处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名

取目录名
echo /etc/fstab/ | sed -nr 's#(.*)/([^/]+)/?#\1#p'
取基名
echo /etc/fstab/ | sed -nr 's#(.*)/([^/]+)/?#\2#p'

6、列出ubuntu软件管理工具apt的一些用法(自由总结)

用法与rpm类似
配置源，修改阿里云的APT源为清华源
sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/' /etc/apt/sources.list

基本用法
1、安装包
apt install tree

2、删除包
apt remove tree

3、更新包索引 相当于yum clean all;yum makecache
apt update 

4、升级包：要升级系统，请首先更新软件包索引，再升级
apt upgrade

5、apt列出仓库软件包，等于yum list
apt list

6、搜索安装包
apt search nginx

7、查看某个安装包的详细信息
apt show apache2

8、在线安装软件包
apt install apache2

9、卸载单个软件包但是保留配置⽂件
apt remove apache2

10、删除安装包并解决依赖关系
apt autoremove apache2

11、卸载单个软件包删除配置⽂件
apt purge apache2

12、升级所有已安装且可升级到新版本的软件包
apt upgrade

13、升级整个系统，必要时可以移除旧软件包
apt full-upgrade

14、编辑source源⽂件
apt edit-sources

15、查看仓库中软件包有哪些版本可以安装
apt-cache madison nginx

16、安装软件包的时候指定安装具体的版本
apt install nginx=1.14.0-0ubuntu1.6