LNMP架构
LNMP架构介绍
lnmp里的php会启动一个服务，nginx把用户请求的php交给php-fpm处理，比如登录网站php要和mysql做交互，查用户的账号和密码，处理完之后，php-fpm会告诉nginx，nginx返回给用户一个结果。Nginx对于一些静态请求就自己处理了，不需要交给php处理。
MySQL安装
1.如果之前安装过mysql先将mysql删除掉
[root@bogon ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@bogon src]# ls apr-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.28 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.2.9.tgz php-7.1.6 apr-1.6.3.tar.gz httpd-2.4.28.tar.gz mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.1.6.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1 mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz php-5.6.30 phpredis-develop apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.2.9 php-5.6.30.tar.gz phpredis-develop.zip [root@bogon src]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql [root@bogon src]# rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@bogon src]#
2.wget下载源码包，解压
[root@bogon src]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
3.移动目录
[root@bogon src]# mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql [root@bogon src]# ls /usr/local/mysql/ bin COPYING data docs include lib man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files [root@bogon src]#
4.添加mysql用户（因为之前添加过了就不用再useradd了），删除之前的mysql文件
[root@bogon src]# id mysql uid=1001(mysql) gid=1001(mysql) 组=1001(mysql) [root@bogon src]# rm -rf /data/mysql/* [root@bogon src]#
5.配置mysql修改my.cnf文件和mysql文件
[root@bogon src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@bogon mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@bogon mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@bogon mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql[root@bogon mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[root@bogon mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql
[root@bogon mysql]# mv /etc/init.d/mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld
6.启动mysql，检查是否启动成功
[root@bogon mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@bogon mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql root 33506 0.0 0.0 113268 324 pts/5 S 17:34 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/bogon.pid root 33642 1.6 41.2 453136 412676 pts/5 D 17:34 0:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/bogon.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/bogon.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock root 33652 0.1 0.0 112680 584 pts/5 R+ 17:36 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql [root@bogon mysql]#
7.将mysql服务添加到服务列表里并开机启动
[root@bogon mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@bogon mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@bogon mysql]# service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! [root@bogon mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS! [root@bogon mysql]#
PHP安装
1.和LAMP安装PHP方法有差别，这里需要开启php-fpm服务，之前php是作为Apache的一个模块,需要指定Apache的路径，用apxs工具配置模块怎么加载。这里就不需要了，因为用不到Apache。Php是作为独立的服务。
2.清理之前编译过的文件,make clean 之后就是刚刚解压的状态
[root@bogon src]# cd php-5.6.30/ [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# make clean
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm （添加php-fpm用户，-s指定不能登录）
3.重新编译php
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc
--enable-fpm
--with-fpm-user=php-fpm
--with-fpm-group=php-fpm
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock
--with-libxml-dir
--with-gd
--with-jpeg-dir
--with-png-dir
--with-freetype-dir
--with-iconv-dir
--with-zlib-dir
--with-mcrypt
--enable-soap
--enable-gd-native-ttf
--enable-ftp
--enable-mbstring
--enable-exif
--with-pear
--with-curl
--with-openssl
4.提示少curl包，yum安装
checking for cURL support... yes
checking for cURL in default path... not found
configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]#
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# yum install libcurl-devel
5.make && make install
6.查看php-fpm配置文件语法是否正确
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/ bin etc include lib php sbin var [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php bin etc include lib php [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t [08-Feb-2018 22:26:48] ERROR: failed to open configuration file '/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf': No such file or directory (2) [08-Feb-2018 22:26:48] ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf' [08-Feb-2018 22:26:48] ERROR: FPM initialization failed [root@bogon php-5.6.30]#
7.拷贝配置文件
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini （复制目录并改名字）
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/ [root@bogon etc]# ls pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini [root@bogon etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
[global] 定义全局参数 pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log [www] 一个模块的名字 listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock 监听的地址 listen.mode = 666 定义sock文件的权限 user = php-fpm 用户 group = php-fpm 用户组 pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024
8.拷贝启动的脚本
[root@bogon etc]# cd /usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/ [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# chkconfig --add php-fpm [root@bogon php-5.6.30]#
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start
9.提示用户不存在
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm done [root@bogon php-5.6.30]# ps aux|grep php-fpm
10.php-fcgi的权限为666
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# ls -l /tmp/php-fcgi.sock srw-rw-rw-. 1 root root 0 2月 8 22:48 /tmp/php-fcgi.sock [root@bogon php-5.6.30]#
Nginx介绍
Nginx安装
1.下载Nginx
[root@bogon php-5.6.30]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@bogon src]# ls apr-1.6.3 mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz php-7.1.6 apr-1.6.3.tar.gz mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.2.9 php-7.1.6.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.1 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.2.9.tgz phpredis-develop apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz phpredis-develop.zip httpd-2.4.28 php-5.6.30 httpd-2.4.28.tar.gz php-5.6.30.tar.gz [root@bogon src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
2.解压
[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
3.编译
[root@bogon src]# cd nginx-1.12.2/ [root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
4.安装
[root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
5.创建nginx启动脚本
[root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# ls /usr/local/nginx/ conf html logs sbin [root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
6.启动脚本文件内容
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
7.更改权限，添加到开机启动
[root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx [root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# che check-binary-files checkmodule checksctp checkisomd5 checkpolicy cheese [root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# chkconfig --add nginx [root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# chkconfig nginx on [root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]#
8.编辑nginx配置文件
[root@bogon nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/ [root@bogon conf]# ls fastcgi.conf koi-utf nginx.conf uwsgi_params fastcgi.conf.default koi-win nginx.conf.default uwsgi_params.default fastcgi_params mime.types scgi_params win-utf fastcgi_params.default mime.types.default scgi_params.default [root@bogon conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak [root@bogon conf]# vim nginx.conf [root@bogon conf]#
user nobody nobody; （启动nginx的用户）
worker_processes 2; （定义子进程）
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; （错误日志）
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid; （pid位置）
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; （最多打开多少文件）
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000; （进程最多多少连接）
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server （http服务）
{
listen 80; （监听80端口）
server_name localhost; （设置域名）
index index.html index.htm index.php; （设置主页）
root /usr/local/nginx/html; （设置访问主目录）
location ~ \.php$ （定义php解析）
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; （和上面一行的意思相同，只是不同的写法，监听127.0.0.1:9000）
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
9.检查配置文件是否有错
[root@bogon conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@bogon conf]#
[root@bogon ~]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
[root@bogon logs]# service nginx start Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 确定 ] [root@bogon logs]#
[root@bogon logs]# ps aux|grep nginx root 49403 0.0 0.0 20500 628 ? Ss 01:30 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nobody 49405 0.0 0.3 25028 3252 ? S 01:30 0:00 nginx: worker process nobody 49406 0.0 0.3 25028 3252 ? S 01:30 0:00 nginx: worker process root 49670 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/7 R+ 01:33 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@bogon logs]#
[root@bogon logs]# curl localhost <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
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