DjangoForm组件
Form组件的基础用法
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <form action="/form1.html" method="post"> 9 <p>{{ obj.username }}{{ obj.username.errors.0 }}</p> 10 <p>{{ obj.password }}{{ obj.password.errors.0 }}</p> 11 <p>{{ obj.email }}{{ obj.email.errors.0 }}</p> 12 <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p> 13 </form> 14 </body> 15 </html>
1 from django.shortcuts import render 2 from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse 3 from django.shortcuts import redirect 4 5 from django import forms 6 from django.forms import fields 7 8 9 class myForm(forms.Form): 10 username = fields.CharField( 11 min_length=6, 12 max_length=12, 13 required=True, 14 error_messages={ 15 "min_length":"用戶名太短", 16 "min_length":"用戶名太長", 17 "required":"用戶名不能為空", 18 "invalid":"用戶名格式不正确" 19 } 20 ) 21 password = fields.CharField( 22 min_length=12, 23 max_length=24, 24 required=True, 25 error_messages={ 26 "min_length": "密码太短", 27 "min_length": "密码太長", 28 "required": "密码不能為空", 29 "invalid": "密码格式不正确" 30 } 31 ) 32 email = fields.EmailField( 33 required=True, 34 error_messages={ 35 "required": "邮箱不能為空", 36 "invalid": "邮箱格式不正确" 37 } 38 ) 39 40 41 # Create your views here. 42 def form1(request): 43 if request.method=="GET": 44 obj=myForm() 45 return render(request,"form1.html",{"obj":obj}) 46 else: 47 obj=myForm(request.POST) 48 if obj.is_valid(): 49 return HttpResponse("success") 50 else: 51 return render(request,"form1.html",{"obj":obj}) 52 return HttpResponse("ok")
注：默认浏览器会将自定义form类中的字段约束生效，如果想取消浏览器默认生效，可以在form表单后添加novalidate属性。
Form组件修改对象信息自动填充数据
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <form action="/edit_student.html?nid={{ nid }}" method="post" novalidate> 9 <p>用户名：{{ obj.username }}{{ obj.username.errors.0 }}</p> 10 <p>邮箱：{{ obj.email }}{{ obj.email.errors.0 }}</p> 11 <p><input type="submit" value="保存"></p> 12 </form> 13 </body> 14 </html>
1 from django.shortcuts import render 2 from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse 3 from django.shortcuts import redirect 4 5 6 from app01.models import student 7 from app01.former import * 8 9 10 11 12 13 def edit_student(request): 14 if request.method=="GET": 15 nid=request.GET.get("nid") 16 student_obj=student.objects.filter(id=nid).first() 17 obj=userForm({"username":student_obj.username,"email":student_obj.email}) 18 return render(request,"editStudent.html",{"obj":obj,"nid":nid}) 19 else: 20 obj=userForm(request.POST) 21 nid=request.GET.get("nid") 22 if obj.is_valid(): 23 student.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**obj.cleaned_data) 24 return redirect("/getStudent.html") 25 else: 26 return render(request,"/editStudent.html",{"obj":obj,"nid":nid})
注：form对象中可以填字典类型数据，这样在HTML页面生成HTML代码时可以将字典类型数据自动填充到页面中。
Form组件之插件使用后前台页面数据实时更新
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <h1>非诚勿扰</h1> 9 <p>价格：{{ obj.price }}</p> 10 <p>姑娘：{{ obj.name }}</p> 11 </body> 12 </html>
1 from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse 2 from django import forms 3 from django.forms import widgets 4 from app01.models import * 5 import json 6 from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS,ValidationError 7 8 class LoveForm(forms.Form): 9 price=forms.IntegerField() 10 name=forms.IntegerField( 11 widget=widgets.Select(), 12 ) 13 14 def __init__(self): 15 #super放在第一行的原因：在super父类代码中会将LoveForm中的字段放在self中，如果放在后面会造成super之前的操作self中找不到字段现象。 16 super(LoveForm, self).__init__() 17 self.fields["name"].widget.choices=User.objects.values_list("id","username") 18 19 def love(request): 20 obj=LoveForm() 21 return render(request,"love.html",{"obj":obj})
Form组件的对应类判断字段扩展点
1 from django.shortcuts import render 2 from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse 3 from django import forms 4 from django.forms import fields 5 from django.forms import widgets 6 from app01.models import * 7 import json 8 from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS,ValidationError 9 from django.core.validators import RegexValidator 10 11 # Create your views here. 12 13 class cleanForm(forms.Form): 14 #1：扩展点（自定义验证规则方式一） 15 name=fields.CharField( 16 validators=[RegexValidator(r"正则表达式1","用户名格式错误"),RegexValidator(r"正则表达式2","用户名有误")] 17 ) 18 #1：扩展点（自定义验证规则方式二） 19 email=fields.RegexField( 20 r"正则表达式", 21 error_messages={"invalid":"邮箱格式错误"} 22 ) 23 #2：扩展点（单字段判断） 24 def clean_name(self): 25 name=self.cleaned_data["name"] 26 num=User.objects.filter(username=name).count() 27 if num: 28 raise ValidationError("用户名已存在，请重新输入！") 29 return name 30 def clean_email(self): 31 email=self.cleaned_data["email"] 32 num=User.objects.filter(email=email).count() 33 if num: 34 raise ValidationError("邮箱已存在，请重新输入！") 35 return email 36 #3：扩展点（多字段判断） 37 def clean(self): 38 v1=self.cleaned_data.get("name") 39 v2=self.cleaned_data.get("email") 40 if v1=="aa" and v2=="aa@qq.com": 41 raise ValidationError("整体错误！") 42 return self.cleaned_data
扩展：
1：对于整体错误信息在前端页面展示的问题：如果想在前端页面渲染整体错误信息使用{{obj.non_field_errors}}
