cobbler搭建（转自老男孩）
1. Cobbler介绍
Cobbler是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。
Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。
Cobbler内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其它配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack。
1.1 Cobbler集成的服务
- PXE服务支持
- DHCP服务管理
- DNS服务管理(可选bind,dnsmasq)
- 电源管理
- Kickstart服务支持
- YUM仓库管理
- TFTP(PXE启动时需要)
- Apache(提供kickstart的安装源，并提供定制化的kickstart配置)
1.2 系统环境准备
1 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 2 CentOS release 6.7 (Final) 3 [root@linux-node1 ~]# uname -r 4 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 5 [root@linux-node1 ~]# getenforce 6 Disabled 7 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status 8 iptables: Firewall is not running. 9 [root@linux-node1 ~]# ifconfig eth0|awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2 {print $4}' 10 10.0.0.7 11 [root@linux-node1 ~]# hostname 12 linux-node1.example.com 13 # 配置阿里云的epel源 14 [root@linux-node1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
注意：
- 虚拟机网卡采用NAT模式，不要使用桥接模式，因为稍后我们会搭建DHCP服务器，在同一局域网多个DHCP服务会有冲突。
- VMware的NAT模式的dhcp服务也关闭，避免干扰。
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2. Cobbler安装配置
2.1 安装Cobbler
1 [root@linux-node1 ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd 2 [root@linux-node1 ~]# rpm -ql cobbler # 查看安装的文件，下面列出部分。 3 /etc/cobbler # 配置文件目录 4 /etc/cobbler/settings # cobbler主配置文件，这个文件是YAML格式，Cobbler是python写的程序。 5 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template # DHCP服务的配置模板 6 /etc/cobbler/tftpd.template # tftp服务的配置模板 7 /etc/cobbler/rsync.template # rsync服务的配置模板 8 /etc/cobbler/iso # iso模板配置文件目录 9 /etc/cobbler/pxe # pxe模板文件目录 10 /etc/cobbler/power # 电源的配置文件目录 11 /etc/cobbler/users.conf # Web服务授权配置文件 12 /etc/cobbler/users.digest # 用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件 13 /etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template # DNS服务的配置模板 14 /etc/cobbler/modules.conf # Cobbler模块配置文件 15 /var/lib/cobbler # Cobbler数据目录 16 /var/lib/cobbler/config # 配置文件 17 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts # 默认存放kickstart文件 18 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders # 存放的各种引导程序 19 /var/www/cobbler # 系统安装镜像目录 20 /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror # 导入的系统镜像列表 21 /var/www/cobbler/images # 导入的系统镜像启动文件 22 /var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror # yum源存储目录 23 /var/log/cobbler # 日志目录 24 /var/log/cobbler/install.log # 客户端系统安装日志 25 /var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log # cobbler日志
2.1 配置Cobbler
1 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart 2 停止 httpd： [失败] 3 正在启动 httpd： [确定] 4 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd start 5 Starting cobbler daemon: [确定] 6 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler check # 检查Cobbler的配置，如果看不到下面的结果，再次执行/etc/init.d/cobblerd restart 7 The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 8 1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it. 9 2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network. 10 3 : some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements. 11 4 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync 12 5 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 13 6 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one 14 7 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them 15 Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes. 16 # 看着上面的结果，一个一个解决。 17 # 第1、2、6个问题，顺便修改其他功能 18 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/settings{,.ori} # 备份 19 # server，Cobbler服务器的IP。 20 sed -i 's/server: 127.0.0.1/server: 10.0.0.7/' /etc/cobbler/settings 21 # next_server，如果用Cobbler管理DHCP，修改本项，作用不解释，看kickstart。 22 sed -i 's/next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 10.0.0.7/' /etc/cobbler/settings 23 # 用Cobbler管理DHCP 24 sed -i 's/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings 25 # 防止循环装系统，适用于服务器第一启动项是PXE启动。 26 sed -i 's/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings 27 # 设置新装系统的默认root密码123456。下面的命令来源于提示6。random-phrase-here为干扰码，可以自行设定。 28 [root@linux-node1 ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'oldboy' '123456' 29 $1$oldboy$Npg9Pt9k98Mlg0ZeqHAuN1 30 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings 31 default_password_crypted: "$1$oldboy$Npg9Pt9k98Mlg0ZeqHAuN1" 32 # 第3个问题 33 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler get-loaders # 会自动从官网下载 34 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/ # 下载的内容 35 [root@linux-node1 loaders]# ls 36 COPYING.elilo COPYING.yaboot grub-x86_64.efi menu.c32 README 37 COPYING.syslinux elilo-ia64.efi grub-x86.efi pxelinux.0 yaboot 38 # 第4个问题 39 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/rsync 40 disable = no 41 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart 42 停止 xinetd： [确定] 43 正在启动 xinetd： [确定] 44 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart 45 Stopping cobbler daemon: [确定] 46 Starting cobbler daemon: [确定] 47 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler check 48 The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 49 1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories # 和debian系统相关，不需要 50 2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them # fence设备相关，不需要 51 Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
2.3 配置DHCP
1 # 修改cobbler的dhcp模版，不要直接修改dhcp本身的配置文件，因为cobbler会覆盖。 2 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 3 # 仅列出修改过的字段 4 …… 5 subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { 6 option routers 10.0.0.2; 7 option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.2; 8 option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; 9 range dynamic-bootp 10.0.0.100 10.0.0.200; 10 ……
2.4 同步cobbler配置
1 # 同步最新cobbler配置，它会根据配置自动修改dhcp等服务。 2 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler sync # 同步所有配置，可以仔细看一下sync做了什么。 3 task started: 2015-12-03_204822_sync 4 task started (id=Sync, time=Thu Dec 3 20:48:22 2015) 5 running pre-sync triggers 6 cleaning trees 7 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 8 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images 9 copying bootloaders 10 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 11 copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 12 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 13 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot 14 trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk 15 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi 16 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi 17 copying distros to tftpboot 18 copying images 19 generating PXE configuration files 20 generating PXE menu structure 21 rendering DHCP files 22 generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 23 rendering TFTPD files 24 generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 25 cleaning link caches 26 running post-sync triggers 27 running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* 28 running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services 29 running: dhcpd -t -q 30 received on stdout: 31 received on stderr: 32 running: service dhcpd restart 33 received on stdout: 关闭 dhcpd：[确定] 34 正在启动 dhcpd：[确定] 35 received on stderr: 36 running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* 37 running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* 38 running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track 39 running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* 40 *** TASK COMPLETE *** 41 # 再看一下dhcp的配置文件。 42 [root@linux-node1 ~]# less /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 43 # ****************************************************************** 44 # Cobbler managed dhcpd.conf file 45 # generated from cobbler dhcp.conf template (Thu Dec 3 12:48:23 2015) 46 # Do NOT make changes to /etc/dhcpd.conf. Instead, make your changes 47 # in /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template, as /etc/dhcpd.conf will be 48 # overwritten. 49 # ****************************************************************** 50 ddns-update-style interim; 51 …………
2.5 开机启动
方法一
1 # 启动相关服务并设置开机启动(可选) 2 chkconfig httpd on 3 chkconfig xinetd on 4 chkconfig cobblerd on 5 chkconfig dhcpd on 6 /etc/init.d/httpd restart 7 /etc/init.d/xinetd restart 8 /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart 9 /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart
方法二
1 # 编写Cobbler相关服务启动脚本(可选) 2 cat >>/etc/init.d/cobbler<<EOF 3 #!/bin/bash 4 # chkconfig: 345 80 90 5 # description:cobbler 6 case \$1 in 7 start) 8 /etc/init.d/httpd start 9 /etc/init.d/xinetd start 10 /etc/init.d/dhcpd start 11 /etc/init.d/cobblerd start 12 ;; 13 stop) 14 /etc/init.d/httpd stop 15 /etc/init.d/xinetd stop 16 /etc/init.d/dhcpd stop 17 /etc/init.d/cobblerd stop 18 ;; 19 restart) 20 /etc/init.d/httpd restart 21 /etc/init.d/xinetd restart 22 /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart 23 /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart 24 ;; 25 status) 26 /etc/init.d/httpd status 27 /etc/init.d/xinetd status 28 /etc/init.d/dhcpd status 29 /etc/init.d/cobblerd status 30 ;; 31 sync) 32 cobbler sync 33 ;; 34 *) 35 echo "Input error,please in put 'start|stop|restart|status|sync'!" 36 exit 2 37 ;; 38 esac 39 EOF 40 # chmod +x /etc/init.d/cobbler 41 # chkconfig cobbler on
3. Cobbler的命令行管理
3.1 查看命令帮助
1 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler 2 usage 3 ===== 4 cobbler <distro|profile|system|repo|image|mgmtclass|package|file> ... 5 [add|edit|copy|getks*|list|remove|rename|report] [options|--help] 6 cobbler <aclsetup|buildiso|import|list|replicate|report|reposync|sync|validateks|version|signature|get-loaders|hardlink> [options|--help] 7 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler import --help # 导入镜像 8 Usage: cobbler [options] 9 Options: 10 -h, --help show this help message and exit 11 --arch=ARCH OS architecture being imported 12 --breed=BREED the breed being imported 13 --os-version=OS_VERSION 14 the version being imported 15 --path=PATH local path or rsync location 16 --name=NAME name, ex 'RHEL-5' 17 --available-as=AVAILABLE_AS 18 tree is here, don't mirror 19 --kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE 20 assign this kickstart file 21 --rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS 22 pass additional flags to rsync 23 cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题 24 cobbler list 列出所有的cobbler元素 25 cobbler report 列出元素的详细信息 26 cobbler sync 同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下 27 cobbler reposync 同步yum仓库 28 cobbler distro 查看导入的发行版系统信息 29 cobbler system 查看添加的系统信息 30 cobbler profile 查看配置信息
3.2 导入镜像
1 [root@linux-node1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ # 挂载CentOS7的系统镜像。 2 # 导入系统镜像 3 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --arch=x86_64 4 # --path 镜像路径 5 # --name 为安装源定义一个名字 6 # --arch 指定安装源是32位、64位、ia64, 目前支持的选项有: x86│x86_64│ia64 7 # 安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：CentOS-7.1-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败。 8 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler distro list # 查看镜像列表 9 CentOS-7.1-x86_64 10 # 镜像存放目录，cobbler会将镜像中的所有安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror下的CentOS-7.1-x86_64目录下。因此/var/www/cobbler目录必须具有足够容纳安装文件的空间。 11 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/ 12 [root@linux-node1 ks_mirror]# ls 13 CentOS-7.1-x86_64 config 14 [root@linux-node1 ks_mirror]# ls CentOS-7.1-x86_64/ 15 CentOS_BuildTag GPL LiveOS RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 16 EFI images Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7 17 EULA isolinux repodata TRANS.TBL
3.3 指定ks.cfg文件及调整内核参数
1 # Cobbler的ks.cfg文件存放位置 2 [root@linux-node1 ks_mirror]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ 3 [root@linux-node1 kickstarts]# ls # 自带很多 4 default.ks install_profiles sample_autoyast.xml sample_esxi4.ks sample_old.seed 5 esxi4-ks.cfg legacy.ks sample_end.ks（默认使用的ks文件） sample_esxi5.ks sample.seed 6 esxi5-ks.cfg pxerescue.ks sample_esx4.ks sample.ks 7 [root@linux-node1 kickstarts]# rz # 上传准备好的ks文件 8 rz waiting to receive. 9 Starting zmodem transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel. 10 Transferring Cobbler-CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg... 11 100% 1 KB 1 KB/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors 12 [root@linux-node1 kickstarts]# mv Cobbler-CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg 13 # 在第一次导入系统镜像后，Cobbler会给镜像指定一个默认的kickstart自动安装文件在/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts下的sample_end.ks。 14 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler list 15 distros: 16 CentOS-7.1-x86_64 17 profiles: 18 CentOS-7.1-x86_64 19 systems: 20 repos: 21 images: 22 mgmtclasses: 23 packages: 24 files: 25 # 查看安装镜像文件信息 26 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler distro report --name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 27 Name : CentOS-7.1-x86_64 28 Architecture : x86_64 29 TFTP Boot Files : {} 30 Breed : redhat 31 Comment : 32 Fetchable Files : {} 33 Initrd : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img 34 Kernel : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.1-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz 35 Kernel Options : {} 36 Kernel Options (Post Install) : {} 37 Kickstart Metadata : {'tree': 'http://@@http_server@@/cblr/links/CentOS-7.1-x86_64'} 38 Management Classes : [] 39 OS Version : rhel7 40 Owners : ['admin'] 41 Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>> 42 Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>> 43 Template Files : {} 44 # 查看所有的profile设置 45 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler profile report 46 # 查看指定的profile设置 47 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler profile report --name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 48 Name : CentOS-7.1-x86_64 49 TFTP Boot Files : {} 50 Comment : 51 DHCP Tag : default 52 Distribution : CentOS-7.1-x86_64 53 Enable gPXE? : 0 54 Enable PXE Menu? : 1 55 Fetchable Files : {} 56 Kernel Options : {} 57 Kernel Options (Post Install) : {} 58 Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks -->默认ks文件 59 Kickstart Metadata : {} 60 Management Classes : [] 61 Management Parameters : <<inherit>> 62 Name Servers : [] 63 Name Servers Search Path : [] 64 Owners : ['admin'] 65 Parent Profile : 66 Internal proxy : 67 Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>> 68 Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>> 69 Repos : [] 70 Server Override : <<inherit>> 71 Template Files : {} 72 Virt Auto Boot : 1 73 Virt Bridge : xenbr0 74 Virt CPUs : 1 75 Virt Disk Driver Type : raw 76 Virt File Size(GB) : 5 77 Virt Path : 78 Virt RAM (MB) : 512 79 Virt Type : kvm 80 # 编辑profile，修改关联的ks文件 81 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg 82 # 修改安装系统的内核参数，在CentOS7系统有一个地方变了，就是网卡名变成eno16777736这种形式，但是为了运维标准化，我们需要将它变成我们常用的eth0，因此使用下面的参数。但要注意是CentOS7才需要下面的步骤，CentOS6不需要。 83 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0' 84 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler profile report CentOS-7.1-x86_64 85 Name : CentOS-7.1-x86_64 86 TFTP Boot Files : {} 87 Comment : 88 DHCP Tag : default 89 Distribution : CentOS-7.1-x86_64 90 Enable gPXE? : 0 91 Enable PXE Menu? : 1 92 Fetchable Files : {} 93 Kernel Options : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'} 94 Kernel Options (Post Install) : {} 95 Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg 96 Kickstart Metadata : {} 97 Management Classes : [] 98 Management Parameters : <<inherit>> 99 Name Servers : [] 100 Name Servers Search Path : [] 101 Owners : ['admin'] 102 Parent Profile : 103 Internal proxy : 104 Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>> 105 Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>> 106 Repos : [] 107 Server Override : <<inherit>> 108 Template Files : {} 109 Virt Auto Boot : 1 110 Virt Bridge : xenbr0 111 Virt CPUs : 1 112 Virt Disk Driver Type : raw 113 Virt File Size(GB) : 5 114 Virt Path : 115 Virt RAM (MB) : 512 116 Virt Type : kvm 117 # 每次修改完都要同步一次 118 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler sync
3.4 安装系统
可以很愉快的告诉你到这里就可以安装系统了！
新建一台虚拟机，不解释，开机就可以看到下面的图片了！
** 有没有发现不美观的地方？**
网址不是我的！改！
1 #修改Cobbler提示 2 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template 3 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://www.zyops.com 4 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler sync # 修改配置都要同步
OK，现在好看多了。选择第二项就可以继续装机了。你可以让系统飞着，然后接着看下文！！
4. ks.cfg文件简析
1 [root@linux-node1 kickstarts]# cat CentOS-7.1-x86_64.cfg 2 # Cobbler for Kickstart Configurator for CentOS 7.1 by yao zhang 3 install 4 url --url=$tree # 这些$开头的变量都是调用配置文件里的值。 5 text 6 lang en_US.UTF-8 7 keyboard us 8 zerombr 9 bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet" 10 # Network information 11 $SNIPPET('network_config') 12 timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai 13 authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 14 rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted 15 clearpart --all --initlabel 16 part /boot --fstype xfs --size 1024 # CentOS7系统磁盘默认格式xfs 17 part swap --size 1024 18 part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow 19 firstboot --disable 20 selinux --disabled 21 firewall --disabled 22 logging --level=info 23 reboot 24 %pre 25 $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre') 26 $SNIPPET('kickstart_start') 27 $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config') 28 # Enable installation monitoring 29 $SNIPPET('pre_anamon') 30 %end 31 %packages 32 @base 33 @compat-libraries 34 @debugging 35 @development 36 tree 37 nmap 38 sysstat 39 lrzsz 40 dos2unix 41 telnet 42 iptraf 43 ncurses-devel 44 openssl-devel 45 zlib-devel 46 OpenIPMI-tools 47 screen 48 %end 49 %post 50 systemctl disable postfix.service 51 %end
5. 定制化安装
可能从学习kickstart开始就有人想怎样能够指定某台服务器使用指定ks文件，kickstart实现这功能可能比较复杂，但是Cobbler就很简单了。
区分一台服务器的最简单的方法就是物理MAC地址。
物理服务器的MAC地址在服务器上的标签上写了。
虚拟机的MAC查看
1 cobbler system add --name=oldboy --mac=00：0C：29：7F：2F：A1 --profile=CentOS-7.1-x86_64 --ip-address=10.0.0.111 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=10.0.0.2 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=oldboy.example.com --name-servers="114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8" 2 # --name 自定义，但不能重复 3 # 查看定义的列表 4 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler system list 5 oldboy 6 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler sync
再次开机安装就不再询问选择了，直接安装。
6. Cobbler的Web管理界面的安装与配置
已经安装cobbler-web软件。
访问网址：http://10.0.0.7/cobbler_web和https://10.0.0.7/cobbler_web
默认用户名：cobbler
默认密码 ：cobbler
1 /etc/cobbler/users.conf # Web服务授权配置文件 2 /etc/cobbler/users.digest # 用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件 3 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/users.digest 4 cobbler:Cobbler:a2d6bae81669d707b72c0bd9806e01f3 5 # 设置Cobbler web用户登陆密码 6 # 在Cobbler组添加cobbler用户，提示输入2遍密码确认 7 [root@linux-node1 ~]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler 8 Changing password for user cobbler in realm Cobbler 9 New password: 123456 10 Re-type new password:123456 11 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cobbler sync 12 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart 13 停止 httpd： [确定] 14 正在启动 httpd： [确定] 15 [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd restart 16 Stopping cobbler daemon: [确定] 17 Starting cobbler daemon: [确定]
以后就需要用123456这个密码登录了。
接下来的操作就是点点鼠标了。
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