CentOS 7 二进制格式安装 Mariadb

二进制格式安装mariadb-10.2.36

1.官网（www.mariadb.org）下载二进制包，以及查看系统版本。

[root@localhost mysql]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 

2.准备用户。

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 -d /data/mysql mysql

3.准备数据目录，建议使用逻辑卷。

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql

4. 准备二进制程序。

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mariadb-VERSION-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mariadb-VERSION mysql
[root@localhost local]# chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql/

5.准备配置文件

[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cp -b support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#mysql语句块中添加最后三个选项
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
datadir=/data/mysql
innodb_file_per_table=on  #在mariadb5.5以上版的是默认值，可不加
skip_name_resolve=on  #禁止主机名解析，建议使用

6.创建数据库文件

[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ls /data/mysql/ -l
total 122964
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql    16384 Jan 13 14:44 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql       52 Jan 13 14:44 aria_log_control
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql      938 Jan 13 14:44 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Jan 13 14:53 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 13 14:53 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Jan 13 14:44 ib_logfile1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Jan 13 14:53 ibtmp1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql     7073 Jan 13 14:58 localhost.localdomain.err
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql        5 Jan 13 14:53 localhost.localdomain.pid
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql        0 Jan 13 14:45 multi-master.info
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql     4096 Jan 13 14:44 mysql
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql    29316 Jan 13 14:44 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql     1656 Jan 13 14:49 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql      342 Jan 13 14:53 mysql-bin.000003
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql       57 Jan 13 14:53 mysql-bin.index
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql       20 Jan 13 14:44 performance_schema

7.准备服务脚本，并启动服务

[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig 

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysqld         	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off
netconsole     	0:off	1:off	2:off	3:off	4:off	5:off	6:off
network        	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start

8.PATH路径

[root@localhost mysql]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH’ > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

9.安全初始化

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

10.验证登录数据库

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 16
Server version: 10.2.36-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

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