正则表达式

语法

java.util.regex

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(\\d{3,4})\\-(\\d{7,8})");
        pattern.matcher("010-12345678").matches(); // true
        pattern.matcher("021-123456").matches(); // false
        pattern.matcher("022#1234567").matches(); // false
        // 获得Matcher对象:
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher("010-12345678");
        if (matcher.matches()) {
            String whole = matcher.group(0); // "010-12345678", 0表示匹配的整个字符串
            String area = matcher.group(1); // "010", 1表示匹配的第1个子串
            String tel = matcher.group(2); // "12345678", 2表示匹配的第2个子串
            System.out.println(area);
            System.out.println(tel);
        }
    }
}

贪婪匹配和非贪婪匹配

正则默认的是贪婪匹配,会尽可能多的向后匹配

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(\\d+)(0*)");
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher("1230000");
        if (matcher.matches()) {
            System.out.println("group1=" + matcher.group(1)); // "1230000"
            System.out.println("group2=" + matcher.group(2)); // ""
        }
    }
}

在规则后面加上 ? 就会变成非贪婪匹配，尽可能少的匹配

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(\\d+?)(0*)");
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher("1230000");
        if (matcher.matches()) {
            System.out.println("group1=" + matcher.group(1)); // "123"
            System.out.println("group2=" + matcher.group(2)); // "0000"
        }
    }
}