实验四

#实验任务一
print(sum)
sum = 42
print(sum)


def inc(n):
    sum = n+1
    print(sum)
    return sum


sum = inc(7) + inc(7)
print(sum)

答：不是。

line1：内置

line3，line11：全局

line7：局部

 

#实验任务2_2
list1 = [1, 9, 8, 4]
print(sorted(list1))
print(sorted(list1, reverse=True))
print(sorted(list1, True))

答：必须使用关键字传递。

 

#实验任务2_3:
def func(a, b, c, /, *, d, e, f):
    return([a,b,c,d,e,f])


print(func(1, 2, 3, d=4, e=5, f=6))

 

#实验任务三
def solve(a, b, c):
    '''
    求解一元二次方程, 返回方程的两个根
    :para: a,b,c: int 方程系数
    :return: tuple
    '''
    delta = b*b - 4*a*c
    delta_sqrt = abs(delta)**0.5
    p1 = -b/2/a;
    p2 = delta_sqrt/2/a

    if delta>=0:
        root1 = p1 + p2
        root2 = p1 - p2
    else:
        root1 = complex(p1, p2)
        root2 = complex(p1, -p2)

    return root1, root2
print(solve.__doc__)


while True:
    try:
        a,b,c = eval(input('Enter eqution coefficient: '))
        if a == 0:
            raise
    except:
        print('invalid input, or, a is zero')
        break
    else:
        root1, root2 = solve(a, b, c)
        print(f'root1 = {root1:.2f}, root2 = {root2:.2f}')
        print()

答：无法打印出来。

 

#实验任务四
def list_generator(begin,end,step=1):
    x = []
    i = begin
    while i >= begin and i <= end:
        x.append(i)
        i += step
    return x


list1 = list_generator(-5, 5)
print(list1)
list2 = list_generator(-5, 5, 2)
print(list2)
list3 = list_generator(1, 5, 0.5)
print(list3)

 

#实验任务五
def is_prime(n):
    if n < 2:
        return False
    for i in range(2,int(n**0.5)+1):
        if n % i == 0:
            return False
    return True


y=[i for i in range(21)]
for x in y[::2]:
    for a in range(0,20):
        if is_prime(a) == True:
            if is_prime(x-a)==True:
                print(f'{x}={a}+{x-a}')
                break
            else:
                a+=1
        else:
            a+=1

 

#实验任务六
def encoder(z):
    a = list(z)
    i = 0
    while i < len(z):
        x = ord(a[i])
        if 65 <= x <= 85 or 97 <= x <= 117:
            y = chr(x + 5)
        elif 85 < x <= 90 or 117 < x <= 122:
            y = chr(x - 21)
        else:
            y = chr(x)
        a[i]=y
        i += 1
    return ''.join(a)


def decoder(z):
    a = list(z)
    i = 0
    while i < len(z):
        x = ord(a[i])
        if 70 <= x <= 90 or 102 <= x <= 122:
            y = chr(x - 5)
        elif 65 <= x < 70 or 97 <= x < 102:
            y = chr(x + 21)
        else:
            y = chr(x)
        a[i]=y
        i += 1
    return ''.join(a)


z = input('输入英文文本:')
print(f'''编码后的文本：{encoder(z)}
对编码后的文本解码：{decoder(encoder(z))}''')

 

def Collatz(n):
    if n % 2 == 0 and n > 0:
        return int(n / 2)
    if n % 2 != 0 and n > 0:
        return int(3 * n + 1)


x = []
a = int(input('Enter a positive integer: '))
while True:
    try:
        if a != 1:
            x.append(a)
            a = Collatz(a)
        else:
            x.append(a)
            break
    except:
        print('Error : must be a positive integer')
        break
print(x)