20个可以用dozens of吗
问题2: “dozen”(打)这个词来自法语的“une douzaine”。现代法语也用其他的数量词(dixaine = 10个左右,vingtaine = 20个左右)。为什么“dozen”是这些同源词中唯一一个存在于现代英语中的呢?
The term "dozen" comes from the French "une douzaine". Modern French uses other number approximants (dixaine = 10ish, vingtaine = 20ish) too. Why is "dozen" the only one of these cognates that exists in modern English? [1]
The term "dozen" comes from the French "une douzaine". Modern French uses other number approximants (dixaine = 10ish, vingtaine = 20ish) too. Why is "dozen" the only one of these cognates that exists in modern English? [1]
- 它不是同源词,是借词,所以只有一个(可能是最常见的)而不是整个词组进入英语,这并不奇怪。
- It's not a cognate, it's a loan, so it's not surprising that only one (likely the most common) and not the whole set made it over into English.
- It's not a cognate, it's a loan, so it's not surprising that only one (likely the most common) and not the whole set made it over into English.
我上学时学到的“同源词”的含义,特指那些通过正常的继承过程,从共同祖先演变而来的词。 借词不能算同源词,因为它们从定义上来说,不涉及正常的继承过程。
'Cognate' in the sense I was taught it in school is restricted specifically to forms which descend from a common ancestor through normal inheritance processes. Loans can't be cognates, because they by definition don't involve normal inheritance processes.
对我来说同样有趣的是,英语似乎把一个12进制和一个10进制系统拼凑在一起。“十一”和“十二”显然是比附近的十几岁数字(13-19)更早的11和12的词。有没有比“thirteen”更早的英语单词表示13?
Just as interesting to me is that English appears to have jammed together a base-12 system and a base-10 system. “Eleven” and “twelve” are clearly older words for 11 and 12 than the nearby teen numbers (13-19). Is there an older English word for 13 than “thirteen”?
- “十一”和“十二”是古英语中使用十进制的证据,而不是十二进制。它们直接来源于古英语的“剩一”和“剩二”,暗示它以10为基础。
- "Eleven" and "twelve" are evidence for a base-10 system in Old English, not 12. They straightforwardly derive from Old English for "one left" and "two left", implying it took 10 as the base.
Just as interesting to me is that English appears to have jammed together a base-12 system and a base-10 system. “Eleven” and “twelve” are clearly older words for 11 and 12 than the nearby teen numbers (13-19). Is there an older English word for 13 than “thirteen”?
- “十一”和“十二”是古英语中使用十进制的证据,而不是十二进制。它们直接来源于古英语的“剩一”和“剩二”,暗示它以10为基础。
- "Eleven" and "twelve" are evidence for a base-10 system in Old English, not 12. They straightforwardly derive from Old English for "one left" and "two left", implying it took 10 as the base.
问题3: 同源词和借用词的区别是什么?
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