吃饭不吃菜|省钱谈恋爱

20个可以用dozens of吗

可以。Dozens of 是一个常见的英语习语,表示“许多、几十个、好几打”,泛指一个较大的不确定数量。它的核心用法如下: [1, 2, 3]
  • 数量基准: 1 dozen = 12 个。因此,dozens of 通常代表几十个很多个(泛指远超12个的大致数量)。
  • 接名词复数: 它后面必须接可数名词的复数形式(例如:dozens of books/people/apples)。 [1, 2, 3]
    常见搭配场景
    • 几十件物品:Dozens of gifts / Dozens of emails
    • 许多人:Dozens of people / Dozens of fans
    • 多次:Dozens of times [1]
      对比易混淆用法
      • 当你要表达“确切的20个”时,不能用 dozens of。你可以直接用 twenty(例如:twenty books)或用 nearly two dozen(将近两打/约24个)。 [1]
       
      问题2: “dozen”(打)这个词来自法语的“une douzaine”。现代法语也用其他的数量词(dixaine = 10个左右,vingtaine = 20个左右)。为什么“dozen”是这些同源词中唯一一个存在于现代英语中的呢?
      The term "dozen" comes from the French "une douzaine". Modern French uses other number approximants (dixaine = 10ish, vingtaine = 20ish) too. Why is "dozen" the only one of these cognates that exists in modern English? [1]
      - 它不是同源词,是借词,所以只有一个(可能是最常见的)而不是整个词组进入英语,这并不奇怪。
      - It's not a cognate, it's a loan, so it's not surprising that only one (likely the most common) and not the whole set made it over into English.

      我上学时学到的“同源词”的含义,特指那些通过正常的继承过程,从共同祖先演变而来的词。 借词不能算同源词,因为它们从定义上来说,不涉及正常的继承过程。
      'Cognate' in the sense I was taught it in school is restricted specifically to forms which descend from a common ancestor through normal inheritance processes. Loans can't be cognates, because they by definition don't involve normal inheritance processes.

      对我来说同样有趣的是,英语似乎把一个12进制和一个10进制系统拼凑在一起。“十一”和“十二”显然是比附近的十几岁数字(13-19)更早的11和12的词。有没有比“thirteen”更早的英语单词表示13?
      Just as interesting to me is that English appears to have jammed together a base-12 system and a base-10 system. “Eleven” and “twelve” are clearly older words for 11 and 12 than the nearby teen numbers (13-19). Is there an older English word for 13 than “thirteen”?
      - “十一”和“十二”是古英语中使用十进制的证据,而不是十二进制。它们直接来源于古英语的“剩一”和“剩二”,暗示它以10为基础。
      - "Eleven" and "twelve" are evidence for a base-10 system in Old English, not 12. They straightforwardly derive from Old English for "one left" and "two left", implying it took 10 as the base.
       
       
      问题3: 同源词和借用词的区别是什么?
      同源词借用词的核心区别在于词汇的“血缘关系”同源词是同一祖先语言分化出的不同语言各自继承的词(“亲戚关系”);而借用词是不同语言在接触时,从外族语言中拿来使用的词(“朋友关系”或“借入关系”)。 [1, 2]
      • 同源词 (Cognates):源自同一个原始母语。例如,英语的 "mother" 和德语的 "mutter" 都源于原始日耳曼语;西班牙语的 "madre" 和法语的 "mère" 都源于拉丁语。它们在漫长的岁月里随各自语言独立演变,但保留了规律性的语音对应关系。 [1, 2]
      • 借用词 (Loanwords):是从外语直接或间接“搬”过来的,属于语言接触的产物。例如,现代汉语中的“沙发”源自英语 "sofa",日语借用汉语的“科学”等。 [1, 2, 3]

      posted on 2026-07-23 09:37  Tesserock  阅读(13)  评论(0)    收藏  举报

      导航