os模块

os模块
#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())    #获取当前目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

smoke@smoke-GS70-2PC-Stealth:~$ python3.8 
Python 3.8.5 (default, Jul 28 2020, 12:59:40) 
[GCC 9.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.getcwd() 
'/home/smoke'

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.chdir('/tmp')    #改变目录

print(os.getcwd())

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python
/tmp

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.chdir('/tmp')

print(os.getcwd())

print(os.curdir)    #返回当前目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python
/tmp
.

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.chdir('/tmp')

print(os.getcwd())

print(os.curdir)

print(os.pardir)    #返回上级目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python
/tmp
.
..

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.makedirs('abc/smoke')    #创建多层目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.makedirs('abc/smoke/test')

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.chdir('/tmp')

os.makedirs('abc/smoke/test')

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.makedirs('abc/smoke/test')

os.removedirs('abc/smoke/test')    #删除多层目录，只能删除空目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.mkdir('dirname')    #创建单个目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.getcwd())

os.mkdir('dirname')

os.rmdir('dirname')    #删除单个目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.listdir('.'))  #列出当前目录文件及目录,r原生字符串，不需要转意，以列表方式展示

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
['three_level_menu', 'set.py', '3menu_new.py', '对齐.py', 'hello', 'generator.py', 'file_operation2.py', 'funcation_recursion.py', 'function_return.py', 'closure.py', 'iterator.py', 'function.py', 'file_operation.py',
 'list_builder.py', '小重山', 'login.py', 'function_scope.py', 'decrator.py', '日志记录', 'test.py', '小重山2', 'code template.py', '3menu.py', 'encode_py3.py', 'jingdong_passwd', 'list_lesson.py', 'time_module.py', 'di
ctionary.py', 'os_module.py', 'String.py', 'login_while.py', 'random_module.py', 'assignment.py', '3menu_latest.py', 'shopping.py', '格式化输出.py', 'continue.py', 'tuple.py', 'shopping_cart.py', '深浅拷贝.py', 'built-i
n-funcation.py', 'shopping_car_login.py', 'menu.py', 'weixin_passwd', 'function_ parameter.py']

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.mkdir('dirname')
os.remove('dirname')    #删除一个文件

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py", line 8, in <module>
    os.remove('dirname')
IsADirectoryError: [Errno 21] Is a directory: 'dirname'

Process finished with exit code 1

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.system('touch file.txt')

os.remove('file.txt')

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.mkdir('dirname')

os.rename('dirname','smoke')    #重命名文件或目录

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.mkdir('dirname')

os.rename('dirname','smoke') #重命名文件或目录

print(os.stat('smoke'))    #获取文件或目录信息

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
os.stat_result(st_mode=16893, st_ino=3933762, st_dev=64769, st_nlink=2, st_uid=1000, st_gid=1000, st_size=4096, st_atime=1611064630, st_mtime=1611064630, st_ctime=1611064630)

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.mkdir('dirname')

os.rename('dirname','smoke') #重命名文件或目录

info = os.stat('smoke')

print(info.st_size)    #获取文件大小

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
4096

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.mkdir('dirname')

os.rename('dirname','smoke') #重命名文件或目录

info = os.stat('smoke')

print(info.st_atime)    #获取文件访问时间

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
1611065369.2592866

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.mkdir('dirname')

os.rename('dirname','smoke') #重命名文件或目录

info = os.stat('smoke')

print(info.st_ctime)    #获取文件改变时间

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
1611065500.8154767

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.sep)    #获取系统目录分隔符，windows'\',linux'/'；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

os.linesep  #输出当前平台使用的换行符，windows'\r\n',linux'\n'

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.pathsep)  #输出用于分割文件路径的字符串，windows';'，linux':'

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
:

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.name) #操作系统名字，windows'nt'；linux'poslx'

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
posix

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.system("ls"))   #运行操作系统命令

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
3menu_latest.py
3menu_new.py
3menu.py
对齐.py
格式化输出.py
日志记录
深浅拷贝.py
小重山
小重山2
assignment.py
built-in-funcation.py
closure.py
code template.py
continue.py
decrator.py
dictionary.py
encode_py3.py
file_operation2.py
file_operation.py
funcation_recursion.py
function_ parameter.py
function.py
function_return.py
function_scope.py
generator.py
hello
iterator.py
jingdong_passwd
list_builder.py
list_lesson.py
login.py
login_while.py
menu.py
os_module.py
random_module.py
set.py
shopping_car_login.py
shopping_cart.py
shopping.py
smoke
String.py
test.py
three_level_menu
time_module.py
tuple.py
weixin_passwd
0

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.environ)  #获取系统环境变量，字典输出；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
environ({'PATH': '/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin', 'XAUTHORITY': '/home/smoke/.Xauthority',
 'XMODIFIERS': '@im=fcitx', 'XDG_DATA_DIRS': '/usr/share/plasma:/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop', 'GTK_IM_MODULE': 'fcitx', 'DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS': 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus', 'PS1': 
'(venv) ', 'XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP': 'KDE', 'QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR': '0', 'SSH_AGENT_PID': '1529', 'COLORTERM': 'truecolor', 'QT4_IM_MODULE': 'fcitx', 'SESSION_MANAGER': 'local/smoke-GS70-2PC-Stealth:@/tmp/
.ICE-unix/1618,unix/smoke-GS70-2PC-Stealth:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1618', 'LOGNAME': 'smoke', 'KONSOLE_DBUS_SERVICE': ':1.82', 'PWD': '/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python', 'PAM_KWALLET5_LOGIN': '/run
/user/1000/kwallet5.socket', 'PROFILEHOME': '', 'PYCHARM_HOSTED': '1', 'XCURSOR_THEME': 'breeze_cursors', 'LANGUAGE': 'zh_CN:zh', 'WINDOWID': '8388615', 'PYTHONPATH': '/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject
:/opt/pycharm/pycharm-2020.2.3/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_matplotlib_backend:/opt/pycharm/pycharm-2020.2.3/plugins/python/helpers/pycharm_display', 'KDE_SESSION_VERSION': '5', 'SHELL': '/bin/bash', 'KONSOL
E_DBUS_SESSION': '/Sessions/1', 'OLDPWD': '/opt/pycharm/pycharm-2020.2.3/bin', 'KDE_FULL_SESSION': 'true', 'VIRTUAL_ENV': '/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv', 'CLUTTER_IM_MODULE': 'fcitx', 'XDG_SE
SSION_PATH': '/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Session1', 'COLORFGBG': '0;15', 'XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP': 'KDE', 'SHLVL': '0', 'QT_IM_MODULE': 'fcitx', 'KDE_SESSION_UID': '1000', 'TERM': 'xterm-256color', 'XDG_CONF
IG_DIRS': '/etc/xdg/xdg-plasma:/etc/xdg:/usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kf5-settings', 'LANG': 'zh_CN.UTF-8', 'KONSOLE_DBUS_WINDOW': '/Windows/1', 'XDG_SEAT_PATH': '/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0', 
'XDG_SESSION_ID': '3', 'XDG_SESSION_TYPE': 'x11', 'DISPLAY': ':0', 'SHELL_SESSION_ID': '268347d1d2b04f678b57192984ea603f', 'KONSOLE_VERSION': '191203', 'PYCHARM_DISPLAY_PORT': '63342', 'XDG_SESSION_CLASS': 'us
er', 'PYTHONIOENCODING': 'UTF-8', 'GPG_AGENT_INFO': '/run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent:0:1', 'DESKTOP_SESSION': 'plasma', 'USER': 'smoke', 'QT_ACCESSIBILITY': '1', 'SSH_AUTH_SOCK': '/tmp/ssh-C9xI67blZSw9/agent.
1474', 'XDG_SEAT': 'seat0', 'PYTHONUNBUFFERED': '1', 'XDG_VTNR': '1', 'XDG_RUNTIME_DIR': '/run/user/1000', 'HOME': '/home/smoke'})

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.abspath('smoke'))   #返回path规范化的绝对路径，将相对路径转换为绝对路径

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/smoke

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.split('/etc/fstab'))  # 将path分割成目录和文件名二元组返回

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
('/etc', 'fstab')

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.dirname('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd'))   #返回path最后的文件名，如何path以/或\结尾，那么就会返回空值

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.basename('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd'))   #返回path路径的基名；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
weixin_passwd

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.exists('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd')) #判断路径是否存在，存在true，不存在false；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
True

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.isabs('smoke'))  #如果path是绝对路径返回true,否则返回false；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
False

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.isfile('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd'))    #判断smoke是个文件，返回true，不是返回false；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
True

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.isdir('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd')) #判断smok是个目录返回true,分则返回false；

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
False

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.join('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/','weixin_passwd'))   #将多个路径组合返回

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.getatime('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd'))  #返回path所指向的文件或者目录的访问时间

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
1610546595.1815534

Process finished with exit code 0

#!/usr/bin/env python3.8
# __author: "smoke"
# date: 2021/1/19 下午9:16

import os

print(os.path.getmtime('/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/weixin_passwd'))  #返回path所指向的文件或目录修改时间

/home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/venv/bin/python /home/smoke/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/lean_python/os_module.py
1610546574.3664994

Process finished with exit code 0
发表于 2021-01-19 22:44 深秋、阅读(46) 评论(0) 收藏举报
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