k8s-单/多-Master-集群部署
1）基础环境
使用 virtualbox 创建虚拟机，配置双网卡 网卡1：自定义NAT网络 网卡2：网络地址转换（NAT）,并且配置端口转发，方便主机SSH管控 主机资源： Linux操作系统 Centos7-Minal kubernetes 1.12 Docer-ce 18.xx-ce Etcd 3.x Flannel 0.10 systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld 关闭selinux
yum -y install ntpdate
ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
cat >>/etc/rc.local<<
ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org
>>EOF
2）机器角色分配：
vm3-192.168.200.3 etcd-1 master-1(kube-apiserver,kube-scheduler,kube-controller-manager) vm4-192.168.200.4 etcd-2 master-2(kube-apiserver,kube-scheduler,kube-controller-manager)-->扩容 vm5-192.168.200.5 etcd-3 vm6-192.168.200.6 node-1(flanneld,kubelet,kube-proxy) vm7-192.168.200.7 node-2(flanneld,kubelet,kube-proxy) vm8-192.168.200.8 nginx(L4)、keepalived vm9-192.168.200.9 nginx(L4)、keepalived
3）架构图：
4）部署方式选择：
二进制部署
5）部署方案分析：
先部署单master集群，后扩展master节点为多节点
6）ETCD集群部署
6-1>安装ssl工具
sh install_cfssl.sh 脚本内容如下： curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
6-2>签发etcd证书
[root@vm3 etcd-cert]# pwd /data/tools/etcd-cert [root@vm3 etcd-cert]# cat etcd-cert.sh cat > ca-config.json <<EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "876000h" }, "profiles": { "www": { "expiry": "876000h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "etcd CA", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Beijing", "ST": "Beijing" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - #----------------------- cat > server-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "etcd", "hosts": [ "192.168.200.3", "192.168.200.4", "192.168.200.5" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server [root@vm3 etcd-cert]# sh etcd-cert.sh
注意：这里server-csr.json中host为etcd的机器的信任IP
6-2>部署ETCD组件
[root@vm3 ~]# mkdir -p /data/tools/ && cd /data/tools/
[root@vm3 tools]# rz etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@vm3 tools]# tar xf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@vm3 tools]# mkdir /opt/etcd/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p 我们将etcd 部署在/opt/etcd/目录下
[root@vm3 tools]# mv etcd etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/
[root@vm3 etcd-cert]# cp ca-key.pem ca.pem server-key.pem server.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
[root@vm3 tools]# cat etcd.sh
#!/bin/bash
# example: ./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.1.10 etcd02=https://192.168.1.11:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.1.12:2380
ETCD_NAME=$1
ETCD_IP=$2
ETCD_CLUSTER=$3
WORK_DIR=/opt/etcd
cat <<EOF >$WORK_DIR/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="${ETCD_NAME}"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://${ETCD_IP}:2380,${ETCD_CLUSTER}"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=${WORK_DIR}/cfg/etcd
ExecStart=${WORK_DIR}/bin/etcd \
--name=\${ETCD_NAME} \
--data-dir=\${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \
--listen-peer-urls=\${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
--listen-client-urls=\${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=\${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=\${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
--initial-cluster=\${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER} \
--initial-cluster-token=\${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl restart etcd
[root@vm3 tools]#
[root@vm3 tools]# ./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.200.3 etcd02=https://192.168.200.4:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.200.5:2380
2379 数据端口
2380 集群端口
另外两台节点部署etcd
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.200.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.200.5:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ scp -r /opt/etcd root@192.168.200.4:/opt/ scp -r /opt/etcd root@192.168.200.5:/opt/ vm4，vm5 的etcd配置文件需要修改/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd 修改如下字段 ETCD_NAME="etcd01" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.200.3:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.200.3:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.200.3:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.200.3:2379"
查看etcd集群健康状况：
查看etcd 集群健康状况 [root@vm3 cfg]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379" cluster-health member 4a8537d90d14a19b is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.200.3:2379 member 7129c86b0966982b is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.200.4:2379 member b3095f3c8af680ac is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.200.5:2379 cluster is healthy
至此etcd集群部署完毕，这里我们可以将etcd，etcdctl加入到环境变量中，这样我们就可以直接调用了
vim .bash_profile export PATH=$PATH:/opt/etcd/bin
7>Node 节点Docker-ce 安装
安装docker-ce 镜像 yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo yum install docker-ce -y curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://bc437cce.m.daocloud.io systemctl start docker systemctl enable docker
8->容器集群网络插件Flannel部署
Overlay Network：覆盖网络，在基础网络上叠加的一种虚拟网络技术模式，该网络中的主机通过虚拟链路连接起来。
VXLAN：将源数据包封装到UDP中，并使用基础网络的IP/MAC作为外层报文头进行封装，然后在以太网上传输，到达目的地后由隧道端点解封装并将数据发送给目标地址。
Flannel：是Overlay网络的一种，也是将源数据包封装在另一种网络包里面进行路由转发和通信，目前已经支持UDP、VXLAN、HOSTGW、AWS VPC和GCE路由等数据转发方式。并借助etcd(也支持kubernetes)维护网络的分配情况。
8.1 Flannel网络原理（https://www.jianshu.com/p/82864baeacac）
控制平面上host本地的flanneld负责从远端的ETCD集群同步本地和其它host上的subnet信息，并为POD分配IP地址。数据平面flannel通过Backend（比如UDP封装）来实现L3 Overlay，既可以选择一般的TUN设备又可以选择VxLAN设备。
8.2 写入分配的子网段到etcd集群中，供flannel使用
[root@vm3 ~]# etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.200.3:2379,https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379" set /coreos.com/network/config '{"Network":"172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}'
{"Network":"172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}
# 查看子网信息
[root@vm3 ~]# etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.200.3:2379,https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379" get /coreos.com/network/config
{“Network”:"172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}
[root@vm3 ~]#
8.3 node节点部署flannel插件
node6,node7 操作
[root@vm6 tools]# mkdir -p /data/tools/
[root@vm6 tools]# wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.11.0/flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@vm6 tools]# tar -xf flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@vm6 tools]# ll
total 43780
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 35249016 Jan 28 2019 flanneld
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9565743 Jan 28 2019 flannel-v0.11.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2139 Oct 22 2018 mk-docker-opts.sh
下面会有两个可执行文件
flanneld flannel二进制执行文件
mk-docker-opts.sh 用于生成一个子网到文件中，docker读取这个文件，指定子网启动
[root@vm6 tools]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,ssl,bin}
因为flannel需要从etcd哪里获取子网信息，所以etcd的证书需要copy到flannel的ssl目录下
[root@vm3 ssl]# scp /opt/etcd/ssl/* root@192.168.200.7:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
root@192.168.200.7's password:
ca-key.pem 100% 1675 527.1KB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1265 1.2MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1675 2.1MB/s 00:00
server.pem 100% 1342 1.8MB/s 00:00
[root@vm3 ssl]# scp /opt/etcd/ssl/* root@192.168.200.6:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
root@192.168.200.6's password:
ca-key.pem 100% 1675 1.8MB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1265 1.3MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1675 1.5MB/s 00:00
server.pem 100% 1342 1.2MB/s 00:00
[root@vm3 ssl]#
8.4 flannel 的配置脚本
[root@vm6 tools]# cat flannel.sh
#!/bin/bash
#ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${1:-"http://127.0.0.1:2379"}
ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://192.168.200.3:2379,https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379"
#生成flannel的配置文件
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
-etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
-etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
-etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq \$FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
#添加如下两行内容，让docker使用flannel分配的子网段信息
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd \$DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP \$MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl restart flanneld
[root@vm6 tools]# pwd
/data/tools
[root@vm6 tools]# cp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@vm6 tools]# sh flannel.sh https://192.168.200.3:2379,https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379
flannel 启动后，需要重启一下docker
[root@vm6 tools]# systemctl restart docker
同理：vm7 也用上面相同步骤操作
这里我们查看一下/run/flannel/subnet.env 内容（vm6和vm7的文件内容是不同的）
9 > Master 组件部署
组件构成：
apiserver(必须先部署，另外两个组件部署无顺序要求)
scheduler
controller-manager
9.1 > 部署apiserver
[root@vm3 master]# cat k8s-cert.sh
# 生成ca证书
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
#-----------------------
# 创建apiserver的证书，这里要注意的就是host中的IP地址添加masterip,lbip,vip
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.200.3",
"192.168.200.4",
"192.168.200.5",
"192.168.200.100",
"192.168.200.200",
"10.206.176.19",
"10.206.240.188",
"10.206.240.189",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
#-----------------------
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
#-----------------------
#生成kube-proxy 证书
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
[root@vm3 master]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@vm3 master]# sh k8s-cert.sh
[root@vm3 master]# cp ca*pem server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@vm3 master]# tar -xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@vm3 bin]# pwd
/root/k8s/master/kubernetes/server/bin
[root@vm3 bin]# cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/
token 文件生成
[root@vm3 master]# cat token.sh
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF
[root@vm3 master]# sh token.sh
部署api服务
[root@vm3 master]# cat apiserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
ETCD_SERVERS=$2
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--etcd-servers=${ETCD_SERVERS} \\
--bind-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--kubelet-https=true \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#启动kube-apiserver
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
[root@vm3 master]# sh apiserver.sh 192.168.200.3 https://192.168.200.3:2379,https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379
参数说明：
--logtostderr 启用日志
---v 日志等级
--etcd-servers etcd集群地址
--bind-address 监听地址
--secure-port https安全端口
--advertise-address 集群通告地址
--allow-privileged 启用授权
--service-cluster-ip-range Service虚拟IP地址段
--enable-admission-plugins 准入控制模块
--authorization-mode 认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth 启用TLS bootstrap功能认证，为了k8s能自动为node(kubelet)颁发证书
--token-auth-file token文件 就是上面 TLS bootstrap认证的时候会用到，kubelet会自动使用这个文件以一个身份通知apiserver它要加入集群，身份为kubelet-bootstrap,10001，角色为system:kubelet-bootstrap，这个角色是根据最小化权限来分配的，只用来请求证书的签名
--service-node-port-range Service Node类型默认分配端口范围
下面这些事apiserver的证书
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem
下面这些是连接etcd的证书
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
注：
部署scheduler 和 controller-manager 组件 (如果是多节点，自身具有选举功能--leader-elect，不用做高可用，apiserver做高可用即可)
scheduler 部署
脚本内容为：
[root@vm3 master]# cat scheduler.sh
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\
--leader-elect"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kube-scheduler
controller-manager 部署
脚本内容如下：
[root@vm3 master]# cat controller-manager.sh
#!/bin/bash
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--master=${MASTER_ADDRESS}:8080 \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--address=127.0.0.1 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-name=kubernetes \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
执行scheduler和controller-manager
[root@vm3 master]# sh scheduler.sh 192.168.200.3(这里建议写127.0.0.1)
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service.
[root@vm3 master]# ps -ef |grep scheduler
root 6875 1 2 16:49 ? 00:00:00 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=192.168.200.3:8080 --leader-elect
root 6885 6485 0 16:49 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto scheduler
[root@vm3 master]# sh controller-manager.sh 192.168.200.3(这里建议写127.0.0.1)
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service.
[root@vm3 master]# ps -ef | grep controller-manager
root 6932 1 35 16:49 ? 00:00:03 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=192.168.200.3:8080 --leader-elect=true --address=127.0.0.1 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 --cluster-name=kubernetes --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s
root 6940 6485 0 16:50 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto controller-manager
参数说明：
--master 连接本地apiserver
--leader-elect 当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态
[root@vm3 master]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
接下来我们将几个可执行文件加入环境变量
vim .bash_profile
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/etcd/bin:/opt/kubernetes/bin
10> Node 节点组件部署
copy node 节点所需要的组件 kubelet kube-proxy
[root@vm3 bin]# pwd /root/k8s/master/kubernetes/server/bin [root@vm3 bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.200.6:/opt/kubernetes/bin/ root@192.168.200.6's password: kubelet 100% 168MB 23.9MB/s 00:07 kube-proxy 100% 4172KB 82.9MB/s 00:00 [root@vm3 bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.200.7:/opt/kubernetes/bin/ root@192.168.200.7's password: kubelet 100% 168MB 95.5MB/s 00:01 kube-proxy
生成配置文件的脚本需要在master节点上执行
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# pwd
/root/k8s/kubeconfig
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# cat kubeconfig.sh
# 创建 TLS Bootstrapping Token
#BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=`cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv | awk -F"," '{print $1}'`
#api地址
APISERVER=$1
#使用k8s-cert.sh 生成的证书（前面已经操作过了），证书所在目录
SSL_DIR=$2
# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443"
# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#----------------------
# 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# sh kubeconfig.sh 192.168.200.3 /root/k8s/master
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kube-proxy" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
这样就生成了bootstrap.config 和 kube-proxy.kubeconfig 配置文件
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# pwd
/root/k8s/kubeconfig
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# ll
total 16
-rw------- 1 root root 2167 Feb 23 00:40 bootstrap.kubeconfig
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1583 Feb 23 00:39 kubeconfig.sh
-rw------- 1 root root 6269 Feb 23 00:40 kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.200.6:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
root@192.168.200.6's password:
bootstrap.kubeconfig 100% 2167 697.7KB/s 00:00
kube-proxy.kubeconfig 100% 6269 723.1KB/s 00:00
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.200.7:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
root@192.168.200.7's password:
bootstrap.kubeconfig 100% 2167 781.6KB/s 00:00
kube-proxy.kubeconfig
master 节点操作 将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到系统集群角色，这个一步不操作，会导致kubelet无法启动
[root@vm3 k8s]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \ --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \ --user=kubelet-bootstrap
[root@vm6 node]# cat kubelet.sh
#!/bin/bash
NODE_ADDRESS=$1
DNS_SERVER_IP=${2:-"10.0.0.2"}
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: ${NODE_ADDRESS}
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- ${DNS_SERVER_IP}
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: true
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
# 启动kubelet
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet
[root@vm6 node]# sh kubelet.sh 192.168.200.6
node7 都执行上面步骤
脚本注释：
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet
这个是apiserver为kubelet颁发证书存放的目录
这个时候我们就看到vm6节点的kubelet进程有了，这个时候他去连接apiserver,请求apiserver为其颁发证书
我们登录master节点可以看到
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-FIQxgA9RxLElyEtd011fiGslJOcJxd0t7Mp0O5wstvs 74s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
node-csr-hUnG5TD6op9rqnNXgK-51CG_6VVQ93444UsFTw2akrk 13s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
这个时候需要登陆到Master节点上审批Node加入集群
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-FIQxgA9RxLElyEtd011fiGslJOcJxd0t7Mp0O5wstvs
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-FIQxgA9RxLElyEtd011fiGslJOcJxd0t7Mp0O5wstvs approved
[root@vm3 kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-FIQxgA9RxLElyEtd011fiGslJOcJxd0t7Mp0O5wstvs 5m3s kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
node-csr-hUnG5TD6op9rqnNXgK-51CG_6VVQ93444UsFTw2akrk 4m2s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
我们再次查看的时候发现这个node节点已经approve允许加入了
注：
中间遇到过一次kubectl get csr 返回 No resources
[root@vm3 ~]# kubectl get csr
No resources found.
这里具体的原因不详，这里登录node删除认证文件重启一下kubelet
[root@vm7 kubelet]# pwd
/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet
[root@vm7 kubelet]# ll
total 12
-rw-------. 1 root root 1261 Oct 19 04:16 kubelet-client-2020-10-19-04-16-56.pem
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 66 Oct 19 04:16 kubelet-client-current.pem -> /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet/kubelet-client-2020-10-19-04-16-56.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2132 Oct 19 02:29 kubelet.crt
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 Oct 19 02:29 kubelet.key
[root@vm7 kubelet]# rm -f *
[root@vm7 kubelet]# systemctl restart kubelet
再次执行就好了
[root@vm3 cfg]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-CW2EbDoZiYnqn9TBouCMNOzcTR0VVi1Gn75p7C1wloY 1s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
node-csr-aWZLSZAE1TT3lHGHUlkZYKRqbuCjmHlHGC0I3ITfanA 60s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
kube-proxy 部署：
[root@vm6 node]# cat proxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
NODE_ADDRESS=$1
cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--proxy-mode=ipvs \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
EOF
cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy
[root@vm6 node]# sh proxy.sh 192.168.200.6
接下来200.7 节点相同的操作
最后我们到master节点上执行kubectl get node 就发现有两个节点了
[root@vm3 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
192.168.200.6 Ready <none> 6h53m v1.12.3
192.168.200.7 Ready <none> 5h3m v1.12.3
11> 扩容Master
master节点上有三个k8s组件
kube-apiserver
kube-scheduler
kube-controller-manager
scheduler和controller-manager 本身具有--leader-elect 功能，不用做高可用
因为apiserver是http服务，所以我们给他做高可用即可，之前因为apiserver只有一台，所有node节点直接连接apiserver的IP，当apiserver做了高可用之后，后面node要想连接apiserver，就连接LB的IP即可
vm4 扩容成master：
[root@vm3 ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.200.4:/opt/ root@192.168.200.4's password: token.csv 100% 84 36.1KB/s 00:00 kube-apiserver 100% 929 359.2KB/s 00:00 kube-controller-manager 100% 483 300.5KB/s 00:00 kube-scheduler 100% 94 31.8KB/s 00:00 kube-apiserver 100% 184MB 11.2MB/s 00:16 kube-scheduler 100% 55MB 5.6MB/s 00:09 kube-controller-manager 100% 155MB 7.6MB/s 00:20 kubectl 100% 55MB 6.8MB/s 00:07 ca-key.pem 100% 1675 706.4KB/s 00:00 ca.pem 100% 1359 331.5KB/s 00:00 server-key.pem 100% 1679 231.1KB/s 00:00 server.pem 100% 1667 149.8KB/s 00:00 [root@vm3 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube- kube-apiserver.service kube-controller-manager.service kube-scheduler.service [root@vm3 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-* root@192.168.200.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ root@192.168.200.4's password: kube-apiserver.service 100% 282 115.7KB/s 00:00 kube-controller-manager.service 100% 317 74.6KB/s 00:00 kube-scheduler.service 这里我们只要修改一下vm4的cfg/kube-apiserver 中的IP地址为192.168.200.4 [root@vm4 cfg]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@vm4 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-apiserver.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service. [root@vm4 cfg]# systemctl restart kube-apiserver
QA:
1、Oct 23 05:17:36 vm6 kubelet: I1023 17:17:36.364778 99526 bootstrap.go:235] Failed to connect to apiserver: the server has asked for the client to provide credentials
原因是kubeconfig.sh脚本中在生成bootstrap.kubeconfig 配置文件的时候token写死了。这里应该从token.sh 生成的文件里读取，所以修改kubeconfig.sh后重新执行，然后将bootstrap.kubeconfig和kube-proxy.kubeconfig重新分发到node机器上，并且重启kubelet
2、kubectl get node 的时候还是没有值，查看日志一直报
Feb 22 13:12:04 vm3 kube-scheduler: E0223 02:12:04.209233 8047 reflector.go:134] k8s.io/client-go/informers/factory.go:131: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolumeClaim: Get http://192.168.200.3:8080/api/v1/persistentvolumeclaims?limit=500&resourceVersion=0: dial tcp 192.168.200.3:8080: connect: connection refused Feb 22 13:12:04 vm3 kube-scheduler: I0223 02:12:04.209556 8047 reflector.go:169] Listing and watching *v1.Service from k8s.io/client-go/informers/factory.go:131 Feb 22 13:12:04 vm3 kube-scheduler: E0223 02:12:04.209806 8047 reflector.go:134] k8s.io/client-go/informers/factory.go:131: Failed to list *v1.Service: Get http://192.168.200.3:8080/api/v1/services?limit=500&resourceVersion=0: dial tcp 192.168.200.3:8080: connect: connection refused
这个时候我们需要登录master 主机上修改 kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler
将配置文件中的master IP 修改成127.0.0.1 ，然后重启一下两个组件就可以了
3、node节点配置flanneld 报错
Feb 24 03:42:53 vm7 flanneld: timed out Feb 24 03:42:53 vm7 flanneld: E0224 03:42:53.786685 4262 main.go:382] Couldn't fetch network config: invalid character '?' looking for beginning of object key string Feb 24 03:42:54 vm7 flanneld: timed out Feb 24 03:42:54 vm7 flanneld: E0224 03:42:54.792365 4262 main.go:382] Couldn't fetch network config: invalid character '?' looking for beginning of object key string Feb 24 03:42:55 vm7 flanneld: timed out Feb 24 03:42:55 vm7 flanneld: E0224 03:42:55.796666 4262 main.go:382] Couldn't fetch network config: invalid character '?' looking for beginning of object key string Feb 24 03:42:56 vm7 flanneld: timed out Feb 24 03:42:56 vm7 flanneld: E0224 03:42:56.801973 4262 main.go:382] Couldn't fetch network config: invalid character '?' looking for beginning of object key string Feb 24 03:42:57 vm7 flanneld: timed out Feb 24 03:42:57 vm7 flanneld: E0224 03:42:57.806036 4262 main.go:382] Couldn't fetch network config: invalid character '?' looking for beginning of object key string
这里错误的原因是下面的Network 用了中文的双引号，修改一下(写入分配的子网段到etcd集群中，供flannel使用)
[root@vm3 ~]# etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.200.3:2379,https://192.168.200.4:2379,https://192.168.200.5:2379" get /coreos.com/network/config
{“Network”:"172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}
4、中间遇到过systemctl start kubelet 后到 master 节点上执行kubectl get csr 发现无结果。
方案：
登录 node 节点上将之前api给kubelet 签发的证书删除掉。在重启一下kubelet就好了
[root@vm6 kubelet]# pwd
/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet
5、证书：
1、etcd flanneld 使用的是一份证书etcd生成的证书（etcd-cert.sh）
2、kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kubelet kube-proxy（k8s-cert.sh）
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