VirtualEarth Tile
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <copyright file="VirtualEarthTileSystem.cs" company="Microsoft">
// Copyright (c) 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// </copyright>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Microsoft.MapPoint
{
static class VirtualEarthTileSystem
{
private const double EarthRadius = 6378137;
private const double MinLatitude = -85.05112878;
private const double MaxLatitude = 85.05112878;
private const double MinLongitude = -180;
private const double MaxLongitude = 180;
/// <summary>
/// Clips a number to the specified minimum and maximum values.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="n">The number to clip.</param>
/// <param name="minValue">Minimum allowable value.</param>
/// <param name="maxValue">Maximum allowable value.</param>
/// <returns>The clipped value.</returns>
private static double Clip(double n, double minValue, double maxValue)
{
return Math.Min(Math.Max(n, minValue), maxValue);
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the map width and height (in pixels) at a specified level
/// of detail.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="levelOfDetail">Level of detail, from 1 (lowest detail)
/// to 23 (highest detail).</param>
/// <returns>The map width and height in pixels.</returns>
public static uint MapSize(int levelOfDetail)
{
return (uint)256 << levelOfDetail;
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the ground resolution (in meters per pixel) at a specified
/// latitude and level of detail.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="latitude">Latitude (in degrees) at which to measure the
/// ground resolution.</param>
/// <param name="levelOfDetail">Level of detail, from 1 (lowest detail)
/// to 23 (highest detail).</param>
/// <returns>The ground resolution, in meters per pixel.</returns>
public static double GroundResolution(double latitude, int levelOfDetail)
{
latitude = Clip(latitude, MinLatitude, MaxLatitude);
return Math.Cos(latitude * Math.PI / 180) * 2 * Math.PI * EarthRadius /
MapSize(levelOfDetail);
}
/// <summary>
/// Determines the map scale at a specified latitude, level of detail,
/// and screen resolution.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="latitude">Latitude (in degrees) at which to measure the
/// map scale.</param>
/// <param name="levelOfDetail">Level of detail, from 1 (lowest detail)
/// to 23 (highest detail).</param>
/// <param name="screenDpi">Resolution of the screen, in dots per inch.</param>
/// <returns>The map scale, expressed as the denominator N of the ratio 1 : N.</returns>
public static double MapScale(double latitude, int levelOfDetail, int screenDpi)
{
return GroundResolution(latitude, levelOfDetail) * screenDpi / 0.0254;
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts a point from latitude/longitude WGS-84 coordinates (in degrees)
/// into pixel XY coordinates at a specified level of detail.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="latitude">Latitude of the point, in degrees.</param>
/// <param name="longitude">Longitude of the point, in degrees.</param>
/// <param name="levelOfDetail">Level of detail, from 1 (lowest detail)
/// to 23 (highest detail).</param>
/// <param name="pixelX">Output parameter receiving the X coordinate in pixels.</param>
/// <param name="pixelY">Output parameter receiving the Y coordinate in pixels.</param>
public static void LatLongToPixelXY(double latitude, double longitude, int levelOfDetail,
out int pixelX, out int pixelY)
{
latitude = Clip(latitude, MinLatitude, MaxLatitude);
longitude = Clip(longitude, MinLongitude, MaxLongitude);
double x = (longitude + 180) / 360;
double sinLatitude = Math.Sin(latitude * Math.PI / 180);
double y = 0.5 - Math.Log((1 + sinLatitude) / (1 - sinLatitude)) / (4 * Math.PI);
uint mapSize = MapSize(levelOfDetail);
pixelX = (int)Clip(x * mapSize + 0.5, 0, mapSize - 1);
pixelY = (int)Clip(y * mapSize + 0.5, 0, mapSize - 1);
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts pixel XY coordinates into tile XY coordinates.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pixelX">Pixel X coordinate.</param>
/// <param name="pixelY">Pixel Y coordinate.</param>
/// <param name="tileX">Output parameter receiving the tile X coordinate.</param>
/// <param name="tileY">Output parameter receiving the tile Y coordinate.</param>
public static void PixelXYToTileXY(int pixelX, int pixelY, out int tileX, out int tileY)
{
tileX = pixelX / 256;
tileY = pixelY / 256;
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts tile XY coordinates into a QuadKey at a specified level of detail.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="tileX">Tile X coordinate.</param>
/// <param name="tileY">Tile Y coordinate.</param>
/// <param name="levelOfDetail">Level of detail, from 1 (lowest detail)
/// to 23 (highest detail).</param>
/// <returns>A string containing the QuadKey.</returns>
public static string TileXYToQuadKey(int tileX, int tileY, int levelOfDetail)
{
StringBuilder quadKey = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = levelOfDetail; i > 0; i--)
{
char digit = '0';
int mask = 1 << (i - 1);
if ((tileX & mask) != 0)
{
digit++;
}
if ((tileY & mask) != 0)
{
digit++;
digit++;
}
quadKey.Append(digit);
}
return quadKey.ToString();
}
}
}
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