java学习笔记4 - HashMap,LinkedHashMap,TreeMap对比
java学习笔记4 - HashMap,LinkedHashMap,TreeMap对比
http://blog.csdn.net/wuxinzaiyu/article/details/8286211
共同点:
HashMap,LinkedHashMap,TreeMap都属于Map;Map 主要用于存储键(key)值(value)对,根据键得到值,因此键不允许键重复,但允许值重复。
不同点:
1.HashMap里面存入的键值对在取出的时候是随机的,也是我们最常用的一个Map.它根据键的HashCode值存储数据,根据键可以直接获取它的值,具有很快的访问速度。在Map 中插入、删除和定位元素,HashMap 是最好的选择。
2.TreeMap取出来的是排序后的键值对。但如果您要按自然顺序或自定义顺序遍历键,那么TreeMap会更好。
3. LinkedHashMap 是HashMap的一个子类,如果需要输出的顺序和输入的相同,那么用LinkedHashMap可以实现. (应用场景:购物车等需要顺序的)
代码实例:
- package com.alibaba.sample.petstore.web.store.module.screen;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Map.Entry;
- import java.util.TreeMap;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- public class ViewCart {
- @Autowired
- private HttpServletResponse response;
- public void execute() throws Exception {
- this.useHashMap();
- this.useTreeMap();
- this.useLikedHashMap();
- }
- public void useHashMap() throws Exception {
- response.getWriter().println("------无序(随机输出)------");
- Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("1", "Level 1");
- map.put("2", "Level 2");
- map.put("3", "Level 3");
- map.put("a", "Level a");
- map.put("b", "Level b");
- map.put("c", "Level c");
- Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
- while (it.hasNext()) {
- Entry<String, String> e = it.next();
- response.getWriter().println("Key: " + e.getKey() + "; Value: " + e.getValue());
- }
- }
- // 有序(默认排序,不能指定)
- public void useTreeMap() throws Exception {
- response.getWriter().println("------有序(但是按默认顺充,不能指定)------");
- Map<String, String> map = new TreeMap<String, String>();
- map.put("1", "Level 1");
- map.put("2", "Level 2");
- map.put("3", "Level 3");
- map.put("a", "Level a");
- map.put("b", "Level b");
- map.put("c", "Level c");
- Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
- while (it.hasNext()) {
- Entry<String, String> e = it.next();
- response.getWriter().println("Key: " + e.getKey() + "; Value: " + e.getValue());
- }
- }
- public void useLikedHashMap() throws Exception {
- response.getWriter().println("------有序(根据输入的顺序输出)------");
- Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("1", "Level 1");
- map.put("2", "Level 2");
- map.put("3", "Level 3");
- map.put("a", "Level a");
- map.put("b", "Level b");
- map.put("c", "Level c");
- Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
- while (it.hasNext()) {
- Entry<String, String> e = it.next();
- response.getWriter().println("Key: " + e.getKey() + "; Value: " + e.getValue());
- }
- }
- }
package com.alibaba.sample.petstore.web.store.module.screen;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class ViewCart {
@Autowired
private HttpServletResponse response;
public void execute() throws Exception {
this.useHashMap();
this.useTreeMap();
this.useLikedHashMap();
}
public void useHashMap() throws Exception {
response.getWriter().println("------无序(随机输出)------");
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("1", "Level 1");
map.put("2", "Level 2");
map.put("3", "Level 3");
map.put("a", "Level a");
map.put("b", "Level b");
map.put("c", "Level c");
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Entry<String, String> e = it.next();
response.getWriter().println("Key: " + e.getKey() + "; Value: " + e.getValue());
}
}
// 有序(默认排序,不能指定)
public void useTreeMap() throws Exception {
response.getWriter().println("------有序(但是按默认顺充,不能指定)------");
Map<String, String> map = new TreeMap<String, String>();
map.put("1", "Level 1");
map.put("2", "Level 2");
map.put("3", "Level 3");
map.put("a", "Level a");
map.put("b", "Level b");
map.put("c", "Level c");
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Entry<String, String> e = it.next();
response.getWriter().println("Key: " + e.getKey() + "; Value: " + e.getValue());
}
}
public void useLikedHashMap() throws Exception {
response.getWriter().println("------有序(根据输入的顺序输出)------");
Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
map.put("1", "Level 1");
map.put("2", "Level 2");
map.put("3", "Level 3");
map.put("a", "Level a");
map.put("b", "Level b");
map.put("c", "Level c");
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Entry<String, String> e = it.next();
response.getWriter().println("Key: " + e.getKey() + "; Value: " + e.getValue());
}
}
}
返回结果:
- ------无序(随机输出)------
- Key: 3; Value: Level 3
- Key: 2; Value: Level 2
- Key: 1; Value: Level 1
- Key: b; Value: Level b
- Key: c; Value: Level c
- Key: a; Value: Level a
- ------有序(但是按默认顺充,不能指定)------
- Key: 1; Value: Level 1
- Key: 2; Value: Level 2
- Key: 3; Value: Level 3
- Key: a; Value: Level a
- Key: b; Value: Level b
- Key: c; Value: Level c
- ------有序(根据输入的顺序输出)------
- Key: 1; Value: Level 1
- Key: 2; Value: Level 2
- Key: 3; Value: Level 3
- Key: a; Value: Level a
- Key: b; Value: Level b
- Key: c; Value: Level c
------无序(随机输出)------ Key: 3; Value: Level 3 Key: 2; Value: Level 2 Key: 1; Value: Level 1 Key: b; Value: Level b Key: c; Value: Level c Key: a; Value: Level a ------有序(但是按默认顺充,不能指定)------ Key: 1; Value: Level 1 Key: 2; Value: Level 2 Key: 3; Value: Level 3 Key: a; Value: Level a Key: b; Value: Level b Key: c; Value: Level c ------有序(根据输入的顺序输出)------ Key: 1; Value: Level 1 Key: 2; Value: Level 2 Key: 3; Value: Level 3 Key: a; Value: Level a Key: b; Value: Level b Key: c; Value: Level c
4.小结:php的数组就是用hashmap实现的,所以学过php对hashmap就很容易理解,linkedhashmap跟php的数组实现的功能很像.


浙公网安备 33010602011771号