GUI编程之贪吃蛇

一、GUI编程

已经快淘汰了

怎么学？

• 这是什么？
• 它怎么玩?
• 该如何在平时运用？

不是java强项，但可以做。

组件

• 窗口
• 弹窗
• 面板
• 文本框
• 列表框
• 按钮
• 图片
• 监听事件（web会有）
• 鼠标
• 键盘事件

1、简介

Gui的核心技术： Swing AWT

1.界面不美观

2.需要jre环境

为什么要学习？

1. 可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
2. 工作时候，也可能维护到swing界面，但概率极小。
3. 了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2、AWT（Swing前身，讲底层的实现）

2.1 AWT介绍

1. 包含了很多类和接口！GUI：图像用户界面。 Eeclipse：java环境写的
2. 元素：窗口、按钮、文本框
3. java.awt包里

2.2、组件和容器

1、Frame

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import java.awt.*;
5. //GUI的第一个界面
6. public class TestFrame {
7. public static void main(String[] args) {
8. //Frame,JDK 看源码；
9. Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图形界面窗口");
10. //设置可见性 w h 没有
11. frame.setVisible(true);
12. //设置窗口大小
13. frame.setSize(400, 400);
14. //背景颜色 Color
15. Color color = new Color(155, 89, 104);
16. frame.setBackground(color);
17. //弹出的初始位置
18. frame.setLocation(200, 200);
19. //设置大小固定
20. frame.setResizable(false);
24. }
25. }

问题：窗口无法关闭—》java停止运行

尝试回顾封装：

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import java.awt.*;
5. public class TestFrame2 {
6. public static void main(String[] args) {
7. MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
8. MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
9. MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(500, 100, 200, 200, Color.RED);
10. MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(700, 100, 200, 200, Color.BLACK);
12. }
13. }
15. class MyFrame extends Frame{
16. //除了Frame方法以外，还有自己的方法
17. static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器
18. //构造器封装一下
19. public MyFrame(int x,int y, int w,int h,Color color){
20. super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
21. setBackground(color);
22. setVisible(true);
23. //相当于初始位置x，y和窗口大小w h
24. setBounds(x,y,w,h);
25. setResizable(false);
26. }
27. }`

2、面板panel

解决了无法关闭问题，即调用addWindowsListener方法的子方法，并重写其中的WindowsClosing方法，来调用程序关闭的.exit（0）方法

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
6. import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
8. //Panel 可以看成一个空间，但是不能单独存在，得放在Frame上
9. public class TsetPanel {
10. public static void main(String[] args) {
11. //窗口
12. Frame frame = new Frame();
13. //布局的概念
14. //面板
15. Panel panel = new Panel();
17. /*设置布局 不设置会默认置顶
18. 未设置Layout时，java默认为flowLayout布局的，
19. 设置为null即为清空布局管理器，之后添加组件，常常是设置组件左上角坐标相
20. 对于容器左上角（0，0）的x,y值来确定组件的位置，即使更改容器大小也不会
21. 改变位置。这种方式常常用于窗体大小固定的容器里。*/
22. frame.setLayout(null);
23. //坐标
24. frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
25. frame.setBackground(new Color(59, 164, 125));
26. //panel 设置坐标，相对于Frame的坐标
27. panel.setBounds(50,50,200,200);
28. panel.setBackground(new Color(90, 46, 30));
30. //frame.add(panel)frame添加面板
31. frame.add(panel);//Panel经过三层继承，最终继承了Component
32. frame.setVisible(true);
35. //监听时间，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
36. //适配器模式： new 重写的太多了 new其子类 本来new WindowsListener的，但是要重写的实在太多了
37. frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
38. //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
39. @Override
40. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
41. //结束程序
42. System.exit(0);
43. }
44. });
46. }
47. }

2.3、布局管理器

流式布局 从左到右

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
7. public class TsetFlowLayout {
8. public static void main(String[] args) {
9. Frame frame = new Frame();
11. //组件-按钮
12. Button button1 = new Button("button1");
13. Button button2 = new Button("button2");
14. Button button3 = new Button("button3");
16. //设置为流式布局
17. //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());默认是中
18. //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
19. frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
20. frame.setSize(200,200);
21. frame.setVisible(true);
22. frame.add(button1);
23. frame.add(button2);
24. frame.add(button3);
29. frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
30. //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
31. @Override
32. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
33. //结束程序
34. System.exit(0);
35. }
36. });
38. }
39. }

东西南北中

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
7. public class TestBorderLayout {
8. public static void main(String[] args) {
9. Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
10. Button east = new Button("East");
11. Button west = new Button("West");
12. Button south = new Button("South");
13. Button north = new Button("North");
14. Button center = new Button("Center");
16. frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
17. frame.add(west ,BorderLayout.WEST);
18. frame.add(south ,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
19. frame.add(north ,BorderLayout.NORTH);
20. frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
21. frame.setSize(300,300);
22. frame.setVisible(true);
24. frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
25. @Override
26. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
27. System.exit(0);
28. }
29. });
35. }
36. }

表格布局三行两列这种Grid

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
7. public class TestGridLayout {
8. public static void main(String[] args) {
9. Frame frame = new Frame("TsetGridLayout");
11. Button button1 = new Button("button1");
12. Button button2 = new Button("button2");
13. Button button3 = new Button("button3");
14. Button button4 = new Button("button4");
15. Button button5 = new Button("button5");
16. Button button6 = new Button("button6");
18. frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
21. frame.add(button1);
22. frame.add(button2);
23. frame.add(button3);
24. frame.add(button4);
25. frame.add(button5);
26. frame.add(button6);
28. frame.pack();//让布局变得好看
29. frame.setVisible(true);
31. frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
32. @Override
33. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
34. System.exit(0);
35. }
36. });
37. }
38. }

<img src="image-20210225151302140.png" alt="image-20210225151302140" style="zoom: 50%;" />

练习 做出如下界面

<img src="image-20210225155103185.png" alt="image-20210225155103185" style="zoom:50%;" />

• 分析过程

• 代码实现

1. package com.shuai.lesson1;
3. import jdk.nashorn.api.tree.NewTree;
5. import java.awt.*;
6. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
8. public class TestLayoutLianxi {
9. public static void main(String[] args) {
10. Frame frame = new Frame("TestLayoutLianxi");
11. frame.setSize(400,300);
12. frame.setLocation(300,300);
13. frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
14. frame.setVisible(true);
15. frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
18. Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
19. Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
20. Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
21. Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
22. Button button1 = new Button("BUTTON1");
23. Button button2 = new Button("BUTTON2");
24. Button button3 = new Button("BUTTON3");
25. Button button4 = new Button("BUTTON4");
26. Button button5 = new Button("BUTTON5");
27. Button button6 = new Button("BUTTON6");
28. Button button7 = new Button("BUTTON7");
29. Button button8 = new Button("BUTTON8");
30. Button button9 = new Button("BUTTON9");
31. Button button10 = new Button("BUTTON10");
33. panel1.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
34. panel1.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);
35. panel2.add(button3);
36. panel2.add(button4);
37. panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
40. panel3.add(button5,BorderLayout.EAST);
41. panel3.add(button6,BorderLayout.WEST);
42. panel4.add(button7);
43. panel4.add(button8);
44. panel4.add(button9);
45. panel4.add(button10);
46. panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
48. frame.add(panel1);
49. frame.add(panel3);
53. }
54. }

之前的知识总结

1. Frame是一个顶级窗口

2. Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中

3. 布局管理器
   1. 流失
   2. 东西南北中
   3. 表格
4. 标题，大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听

2.4、事件监听

事件监听：当某个事件发生的时候，干什么？

1. package com.shuai.lesson2;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
6. import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
7. import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
9. public class TestActionEvent {
10. public static void main(String[] args) {
11. //按下按钮，触发一些事件
12. Frame frame = new Frame();
14. Button button1 = new Button("button1");
16. //因为addActionListener需要ActionListener，因此我们需要构造一个ActionListener
17. MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
18. button1.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());
19. frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
20. frame.pack();
21. frame.setVisible(true);
23. windowsClosing(frame);
24. }
26. //关闭窗体的事件
27. private static void windowsClosing(Frame frame){
28. frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
29. @Override
30. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
31. System.exit(0);
32. }
33. });
34. }
35. //事件监听
36. static class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
38. @Override
39. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
40. System.out.println("11");
42. }
43. }
45. }

多个按钮共享一个事件

1. package com.shuai.lesson2;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
6. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
8. public class TestActionEvent2 {
9. public static void main(String[] args) {
10. //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
11. Frame frame = new Frame("1111");
12. Button button1 = new Button("start");
13. Button button2 = new Button("stop");
14. //可以显示的定义出发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认值
15. //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
16. button1.setActionCommand("3333");
17. My my = new My();
18. button1.addActionListener(my);
19. button2.addActionListener(my);
22. frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.WEST);
23. frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.EAST);
24. frame.pack();
25. frame.setVisible(true);
27. }
29. static class My implements ActionListener {
31. @Override
32. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
33. //e.getActionCommand()获得按钮的信息
34. System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg" + e.getActionCommand());
35. }
36. }
37. }

2.5、输入框事件监听TextField

输入框中输入的字，可以打印出来，并将输入的字全部删除。

1. package com.shuai.lesson2;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
7. public class TestText01 {
8. public static void main(String[] args) {
9. //启动！只负责启动
10. new MyFrame();
11. }
12. }
13. class MyFrame extends Frame{
14. public MyFrame(){
16. TextField textField = new TextField();
17. add(textField);
18. //监听这个文本框输入的文字
19. //按下回车键，就会触发这个输入框的事件，在下边的重写方法中重写的语句为 获得输入框的文本并打印
20. textField.addActionListener(new My());
22. //设置替换编码
23. textField.setEchoChar('*');
24. setVisible(true);
25. pack();
26. }
27. }
28. class My implements ActionListener{
30. @Override
31. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
32. TextField text = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
33. System.out.println(text.getText());//获得输入框的文本
34. //每次都设置为空 即每次文本框输入完以后，都会全部删除清零
35. text.setText("");
36. }
37. }

2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合，大于继承

初始版本

1. package com.shuai.lesson2;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
6. import java.awt.event.TextEvent;
8. public class TestCALC {
9. public static void main(String[] args) {
10. new Calculator();
11. }
12. }
14. //计算器类
15. class Calculator extends Frame {
16. public Calculator() {
17. //3个文本框
18. TextField textField = new TextField(10);//字符数
19. TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
20. TextField textField2 = new TextField(20);//字符数
21. //1 个按钮
22. Button button = new Button("=");
23. button.addActionListener(new MyAL(textField,textField1,textField2));
24. //1个标签
25. Label label = new Label("+");
28. setLayout(new FlowLayout());
29. add(textField);
30. add(label);
31. add(textField1);
32. add(button);
33. add(textField2);
34. pack();
35. setVisible(true);
37. }
39. }
41. //监听器类
42. class MyAL implements ActionListener {
43. //获取三个变量
44. private TextField textField,textField1,textField2;
45. public MyAL(TextField textField, TextField textField1, TextField textField2){
46. this.textField = textField;
47. this.textField1 = textField1;
48. this.textField2 = textField2;
49. }
51. @Override
52. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
53. //1.获得加数和被加数
54. int n = Integer.parseInt(textField.getText());
55. int n1 = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
57. //2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框
58. textField2.setText(""+(n+n1));
59. //3.清除前两个框
60. textField.setText("");
61. textField1.setText("");
62. }
63. }

改进版本

• 完全改造成面向对象

1. package com.shuai.lesson2;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
6. import java.awt.event.TextEvent;
8. public class TestCALC {
9. public static void main(String[] args) {
10. new Calculator().loadFrame();
11. }
12. }
14. //计算器类
15. //方法
16. class Calculator extends Frame {
17. //属性
18. TextField textField;
19. TextField textField1;
20. TextField textField2;
22. //方法
23. public void loadFrame() {
24. //3个文本框
25. textField = new TextField(10);//字符数
26. textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
27. textField2 = new TextField(20);//字符数
28. //1 个按钮
29. Button button = new Button("=");
30. button.addActionListener(new MyAL(this));
31. //1个标签
32. Label label = new Label("+");
35. setLayout(new FlowLayout());
36. add(textField);
37. add(label);
38. add(textField1);
39. add(button);
40. add(textField2);
42. pack();
43. setVisible(true);
45. }
47. }
49. //监听器类
50. class MyAL implements ActionListener {
51. /* //获取三个变量
52. private TextField textField,textField1,textField2;
53. public MyAL(TextField textField, TextField textField1, TextField textField2){
54. this.textField = textField;
55. this.textField1 = textField1;
56. this.textField2 = textField2;
57. }
58. @Override
59. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
60. //1.获得加数和被加数
61. int n = Integer.parseInt(textField.getText());
62. int n1 = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
64. //2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框
65. textField2.setText(""+(n+n1));
66. //3.清除前两个框
67. textField.setText("");
68. textField1.setText("");
69. }
70. }
71. */
72. //改进算法
73. //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类
74. Calculator calculator = null;
76. public MyAL(Calculator calculator) {
77. this.calculator = calculator;
78. }
80. @Override
81. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
82. //1.获得加数和被加数
83. //2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框
84. //3.清除前两个框
85. int text = Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField.getText());
86. int text1= Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField1.getText());
87. calculator.textField2.setText(""+(text1+text));
88. calculator.textField.setText("");
89. calculator.textField.setText("");
92. }
93. }

还得把如下所示的代码组合一下，传递监听器麻烦

1. Calculator calculator = null;
2. public MyAL(Calculator calculator) {
3. this.calculator = calculator;
4. }

内部类

• 最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法

1. package com.shuai.lesson2;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
6. import java.awt.event.TextEvent;
8. public class TestCALC {
9. public static void main(String[] args) {
10. new Calculator().loadFrame();
11. }
12. }
14. //计算器类
15. //方法
16. class Calculator extends Frame {
17. //属性
18. TextField textField;
19. TextField textField1;
20. TextField textField2;
22. //方法
23. public void loadFrame() {
24. //3个文本框
25. textField = new TextField(10);//字符数
26. textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
27. textField2 = new TextField(20);//字符数
28. //1 个按钮
29. Button button = new Button("=");
30. button.addActionListener(new MyAL());
31. //1个标签
32. Label label = new Label("+");
35. setLayout(new FlowLayout());
36. add(textField);
37. add(label);
38. add(textField1);
39. add(button);
40. add(textField2);
42. pack();
43. setVisible(true);
45. }
46. private class MyAL implements ActionListener {
47. @Override
48. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
49. //1.获得加数和被加数
50. //2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框
51. //3.清除前两个框
52. int text = Integer.parseInt(textField.getText());
53. int text1 = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
54. textField2.setText("" + (text1 + text));
55. textField.setText("");
56. textField.setText("");
59. }
62. }

2.7、画笔

1. package com.shuai.lesson3;
3. import java.awt.*;
5. public class TestPaint {
6. public static void main(String[] args) {
7. new MYpaint().loadFrame1();
8. }
9. }
10. class MYpaint extends Frame{
11. public void loadFrame1(){
12. setBounds(200,200,600,400);
13. setVisible(true);
15. }
17. @Override
18. public void paint(Graphics g) {
19. //super.paint(g);有些类的父类有一些初始化操作，不能随便干掉
20. //画笔，需要颜色，画笔可以画画
21. g.setColor(Color.red);
22. g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
23. g.fillOval(200,200,100,100);//实心的⚪
25. g.setColor(Color.green);
26. g.fillRect(300,300,40,20);
27. g.drawRect(300,350,40,20);
28. //养成习惯 画笔画完，将他还原到最初的颜色
29. g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
31. }
32. }

2.8、鼠标监听

目的：想要实现鼠标画画！

1. package com.shuai.lesson3;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
6. import java.util.ArrayList;
7. import java.util.Iterator;
9. //鼠标监听事件
10. public class TestMouseListener {
11. public static void main(String[] args) {
12. new MyFrame("画图");
14. }
15. }
17. //自己的类
18. class MyFrame extends Frame {
19. //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
20. ArrayList points;
23. public MyFrame(String title) {
24. super(title);
25. setBounds(100, 100, 500, 400);
26. //存鼠标的点
27. points = new ArrayList<>();
28. //鼠标监听器，针对这个窗口
30. setVisible(true);
32. this.addMouseListener(new MyML());
33. }
35. @Override
36. public void paint(Graphics g) {
37. //画画，监听鼠标的事件
38. Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
39. while (iterator.hasNext()){
40. Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
41. g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
42. g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
43. }
45. }
46. //添加一个点到界面上
47. public void addPaint(Point point){
48. points.add(point);
49. }
50. //适配器模式
51. private class MyML extends MouseAdapter {
52. //鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放
54. @Override
55. public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
56. MyFrame myframe = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
57. //这里我们点击的时候，就会在界面产生一个点
59. myframe.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
60. //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
61. myframe.repaint();//刷新
62. }
63. }
64. }

2.9、窗口监听

1. package com.shuai.lesson3;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
7. public class TestWindow {
8. public static void main(String[] args) {
9. new WindowF();
10. }
11. }
13. class WindowF extends Frame {
14. public WindowF() {
15. setBackground(Color.BLUE);
16. setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
17. setVisible(true);
18. this.addWindowListener(
19. //匿名内部类
20. new WindowAdapter() {
22. @Override
23. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
24. System.out.println("windowsClosing");
25. System.exit(0);
26. }
28. @Override
29. public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
30. WindowF source = (WindowF) e.getSource();
31. source.setTitle("已激活");
32. System.out.println("windowActivated");
33. }
35. });
36. }
39. /* @Override
40. public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
42. setVisible(false);// 隐藏窗口
43. System.exit(0);//正常退出 1是非正常退出
44. };*/
46. }

2.10 键盘监听

1. package com.shuai.lesson3;
3. import java.awt.*;
4. import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
5. import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
6. import java.sql.SQLOutput;
8. //键
9. public class TestKeyListener {
10. public static void main(String[] args) {
11. new KeyF();
13. }
14. }
15. class KeyF extends Frame{
16. public KeyF(){
17. setBounds(0,0,300,400);
18. setVisible(true);
20. this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
22. //键盘按下
23. @Override
24. public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
25. int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性VK_xxx
26. System.out.println(keyCode);
27. if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
28. System.out.println("你按了上键盘");
30. //根据不同的操作，进行不同的结果
32. }
33. }
34. });
35. }
36. }

3、Swing（做界面）

3.1、窗口、面板JFrame

1. package com.shuai.lesson4;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. public class JFrameDemo {
7. //init();初始化
8. public void init(){
9. //顶级窗口
10. JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
12. jf.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
13. //设置文字Label->JLabel
14. jf.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
15. JLabel jl = new JLabel("JJJJJ");
16. jf.add(jl);
18. //让文本标签居中
19. jl.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
21. //容器实例化
23. jf.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.red);
25. jf.setVisible(true);
27. //关闭事件
28. jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
29. }
30. public static void main(String[] args) {
31. //建立一个窗口
32. new JFrameDemo().init();
33. }
34. }

3.2、弹窗

1. package com.shuai.lesson4;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
5. import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
6. import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
8. public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
9. public DialogDemo() {
10. this.setVisible(true);
11. this.setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
12. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
14. //Jframe 放东西，容器
15. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
16. //绝对布局
17. contentPane.setLayout(null);
18. //设置背景
19. contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
20. //按钮
21. JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
22. jButton.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
23. //点击按钮弹出弹框
24. jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
25. @Override
26. public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
27. //弹窗
28. new MyDialog();
29. }
30. });
33. contentPane.add(jButton);
36. }
38. public static void main(String[] args) {
39. new DialogDemo();
40. }
41. }
43. //弹窗的窗口
44. class MyDialog extends JDialog {
45. public MyDialog() {
46. this.setVisible(true);
47. this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
48. // this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
49. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
50. //JDialog退出只能是D0_ONTHING,HIDE,DISPOSE这三个中的一种
51. //应该是默认就有关闭事件
52. this.setTitle("这是一个弹窗");
53. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
54. contentPane.setLayout(null);
55. contentPane.setBackground(Color.ORANGE);
56. JLabel jjj = new JLabel("学习学习");
57. contentPane.add(jjj);
58. jjj.setBounds(20,20,50,50);
59. }
60. }

3.3、标签

label

1. new JLabel("xxx");

图标Icon

1. package com.shuai.lesson4;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. //图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
7. public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
8. private int width;
9. private int hight;
10. public IconDemo(){};//无参构造
11. //有参构造
12. public IconDemo(int width,int hight){
13. this.width = width;
14. this.hight = hight;
15. };
16. public void init(){
17. IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
18. //图标可以放在标签，也可以放在按钮上！
19. JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("标签",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
20. Container contentPane = getContentPane();
21. contentPane.add(jLabel);
22. this.setVisible(true);
23. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
25. }
26. @Override
27. public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
28. g.fillOval(x,y,width,hight);
29. }
31. @Override
32. public int getIconWidth() {
33. return this.width;
34. }
36. @Override
37. public int getIconHeight() {
38. return this.hight;
39. }
41. public static void main(String[] args) {
42. new IconDemo().init();
43. }
45. }

图片

1. package com.shuai.lesson4;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
5. import java.net.URL;
7. public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
8. public ImageIconDemo(){
9. JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("图片");
10. URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("4.png");
12. ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);
13. jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
14. jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
16. Container contentPane = getContentPane();
17. contentPane.add(jLabel);
19. this.setVisible(true);
20. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
21. setBounds(100,100,800,800);
22. }
24. public static void main(String[] args) {
25. new ImageIconDemo();
26. }
27. }

3.4、面板

JPanel

1. package com.shuai.lesson5;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
7. public JPanelDemo(){
8. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
9. contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后边两个是间距
10. JPanel jPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
11. JPanel jPane2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
12. JPanel jPane3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 1));
15. jPanel.add(new JButton("aaa"));
16. jPanel.add(new JButton("bbb"));
17. jPanel.add(new JButton("ccc"));
18. jPane2.add(new JButton("111"));
19. jPane2.add(new JButton("222"));
20. jPane3.add(new JButton("---"));
23. setBounds(100,100,500,400);
24. setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
25. contentPane.add(jPanel);
26. contentPane.add(jPane2);
27. contentPane.add(jPane3);
28. setVisible(true);
29. contentPane.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);
30. }
31. public static void main(String[] args) {
32. new JPanelDemo();
34. }
35. }

JScrollPanel

1. package com.shuai.lesson4;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. public class JScrollPanelDemo extends JFrame {
7. public JScrollPanelDemo(){
8. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
10. //文本域
11. JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
12. jTextArea.setText("学习学习");
13. //面板 并添加到contentpane
14. contentPane.add(new JScrollPane(jTextArea));
16. this.setVisible(true);
17. this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
18. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
19. contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
21. }
23. public static void main(String[] args) {
24. new JScrollPanelDemo();
25. }
26. }

3.5、按钮

图片按钮

1. package com.shuai.lesson5;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
5. import java.net.URL;
7. public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
8. public JButtonDemo01(){
9. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
10. //图片变为图标
11. URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("4.png");
12. Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
13. JButton jButton = new JButton();
14. jButton.setIcon(icon);
15. //悬浮框
16. jButton.setToolTipText("这是一个图片按钮");
17. contentPane.add(jButton);
19. this.setVisible(true);
20. this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
21. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
24. }
25. public static void main(String[] args) {
26. new JButtonDemo01();
28. }
29. }

单选按钮

1. package com.shuai.lesson5;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
5. import java.net.URL;
7. public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
8. public JButtonDemo02(){
9. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
10. //图片变为图标
11. URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("4.png");
12. Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
13. //单选框
14. JRadioButton jrb01 = new JRadioButton("jrb01");
15. JRadioButton jrb02 = new JRadioButton("jrb02");
16. JRadioButton jrb03 = new JRadioButton("jrb03");
18. //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组
19. ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
20. buttonGroup.add(jrb01);
21. buttonGroup.add(jrb02);
22. buttonGroup.add(jrb03);
24. contentPane.add(jrb01,BorderLayout.CENTER);
25. contentPane.add(jrb02,BorderLayout.NORTH);
26. contentPane.add(jrb03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
28. this.setVisible(true);
29. this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
30. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
33. }
34. public static void main(String[] args) {
35. new JButtonDemo02();
37. }
38. }

复选按钮

1. package com.shuai.lesson5;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
5. import java.net.URL;
7. public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
8. public JButtonDemo03(){
9. Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
10. //图片变为图标
11. URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("4.png");
12. Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
13. //多选框
14. JCheckBox jcb1 = new JCheckBox("jcb1");
15. JCheckBox jcb2 = new JCheckBox("jcb2");
16. JCheckBox jcb3 = new JCheckBox("jcb3");
17. //流式布局
18. contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
19. contentPane.add(jcb1);
20. contentPane.add(jcb2);
21. contentPane.add(jcb3);
22. //东西南北中布局
23. /*
24. contentPane.add(jcb1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
25. contentPane.add(jcb2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
26. contentPane.add(jcb3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
27. */
31. this.setVisible(true);
32. this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
33. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
36. }
37. public static void main(String[] args) {
38. new JButtonDemo03();
40. }
41. }

3.6、列表

下拉框

1. package com.shuai.lesson6;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
8. public TestComboboxDemo01(){
9. Container container = this.getContentPane();
10. JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
12. status.addItem("未上映");
13. status.addItem("正在热映");
14. status.addItem("已下架");
16. container.add(status);
21. this.setVisible(true);
22. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
23. this.setBounds(100,100,500,400);
24. }
25. public static void main(String[] args) {
26. new TestComboboxDemo01();
28. }
29. }

列表框

1. package com.shuai.lesson6;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
5. import java.util.Vector;
7. public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
9. public TestComboboxDemo02(){
10. Container container = this.getContentPane();
11. //生成列表的内容
12. // String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
13. //列表中需要的内容
14. Vector contents = new Vector();
15. JList jList = new JList(contents);
19. JList jList1 = new JList(contents);
20. contents.add("2222");
21. contents.add("333");
23. container.add(jList);
25. this.setVisible(true);
26. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
27. this.setBounds(100,100,500,400);
28. }
29. public static void main(String[] args) {
30. new TestComboboxDemo02();
32. }
33. }

应用场景

• 选择地区，或者一些单个选项
• 列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩展

3.7、文本框

文本框

1. package com.shuai.lesson6;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
7. public TestTextDemo01(){
9. Container container = this.getContentPane();
10. //不布局只会出现WORLD，且位置不对
11. this.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
13. JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("HELLO");
14. JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("WORLD",20);
16. container.add(jTextField1);
17. container.add(jTextField2);
20. this.setVisible(true);
21. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
22. this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
23. }
24. public static void main(String[] args) {
25. new TestTextDemo01();
26. }
28. }

密码框

1. package com.shuai.lesson6;
3. import javax.swing.*;
4. import java.awt.*;
6. public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
7. public TestTextDemo02(){
8. Container container = this.getContentPane();
10. JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();//---
11. jPasswordField.setEchoChar('-');
12. container.add(jPasswordField);
15. this.setVisible(true);
16. this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
17. this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
18. }
20. public static void main(String[] args) {
21. new TestTextDemo02();
22. }
23. }

文本域

1. //文本域
2. JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
3. jTextArea.setText("学习学习");
4. //面板 并添加到contentpane
5. contentPane.add(new JScrollPane(jTextArea))

4、贪吃蛇

启动

package com.dong.sanke;

import javax.swing.*;

public class SnakeDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setResizable(false);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


        frame.add(new SnakePanel());


        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

主方法

package com.dong.sanke;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

public class SnakePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener , ActionListener {
    int length;
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];
    int[] snakeY = new int[500];
    String fx ;
    boolean isStart ;
    boolean isFail;
    Timer timer =new Timer(100,this);
    Random random = new Random();
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    int socer;
    public SnakePanel() {
        init();
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘键盘监听事件
        timer.start();
    }
    //初始化
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0]=100;snakeY[0]=100;
        snakeX[1]=75;snakeY[1]=100;
        snakeX[2]=50;snakeY[2]=100;
        fx = "R";
        isStart = false;
        foodx = 25+25*random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 75+25*random.nextInt(34);
        socer = 10;
    }
    //画画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponents(g);
            this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
            Date.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);
            g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);
            g.setColor(Color.cyan);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,18));
            g.drawString("长度"+length,750,35);
            g.drawString("分数"+socer,750,55);
            Date.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
            if(fx.equals("R")){
                Date.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){
                Date.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头
            }else if(fx.equals("D")){
                Date.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头
            }else if (fx.equals("L")){
                Date.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//头
            }

            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                Date.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);//身体1
            }

        if (isStart == false) {
            g.setColor(Color.cyan);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
        }
        if (isFail) {
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("失败了，按下空格重新开始游戏",300,300);
        }
    }
//键盘事件监听
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键
        if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
            if (isFail){
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else {
                isStart = !isStart;
            }
            repaint(); //重新绘制
        }
        if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                fx = "U";
        }else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            fx = "D";
        }else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            fx = "L";
        }else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            fx = "R";
        }
    }
//事件监听（定时器）
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && isFail == false){
            if (snakeX[0]==foodx&&snakeY[0]==foody){
                length++;
                socer+=10;
                foodx = 25+25*random.nextInt(34);
                foody = 75+25*random.nextInt(34);
            }
            //身体增长
            for (int i = length - 1; i > 0 ; i--) {
                snakeX[i]=snakeX[i-1];
                snakeY[i]=snakeY[i-1];
            }
            if (fx.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0]=snakeX[0]+25;
                if (snakeX[0]>850){ snakeX[0]=25;}
            }else  if (fx.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0]=snakeX[0]-25;
                if (snakeX[0]<25){ snakeX[0]=850;}
            }else  if (fx.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0]=snakeY[0]-25;
                if (snakeY[0]<75){ snakeY[0]=650;}
            }else  if (fx.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0]=snakeY[0]+25;
                if (snakeY[0]>650){ snakeY[0]=75;}
            }
            //失败判定
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0]==snakeX[i]&&snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]){
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }

            repaint();
        }
        timer.start();//定时器开启
    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }
    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
}

图片资源

package com.dong.sanke;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class Date {
    public static URL headerURL= Date.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header= new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    public static URL upURL= Date.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static ImageIcon up= new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static URL downURL= Date.class.getResource("Statics/down.png");
    public static ImageIcon down= new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static URL leftURL= Date.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static ImageIcon left= new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static URL rightURL= Date.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static ImageIcon right= new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static URL bodyURL= Date.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body= new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static URL foodURL= Date.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food= new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}