软件下载
//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# prm -qa mysql
-bash: prm: command not found
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug kernels mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]#
配置用户和组并解压二进制程序至/usr/local下
//创建用户和组
[root@localhost src]# groupadd -r mysql
[root@localhost src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql
//解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
'mysql' -> 'mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/'
[root@localhost local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 19 10:06 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 36 Jul 30 20:52 mysql -> mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 30 20:50 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 19 10:06 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 src
//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 Jul 30 21:26 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
//添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
创建各实例数据存放的目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/{3306,3307,3308}
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /opt/data/
total 0
###总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 30 20:58 3306
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 30 20:58 3307
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 30 20:58 3308
[root@localhost ~]# tree /opt/data/
/opt/data/
├── 3306
├── 3307
└── 3308
3 directories, 0 files
###初始化各实例
//初始化3306实例
#--initialize初始化
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --user=mysql
2022-07-30T13:28:05.239298Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-30T13:28:05.754020Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-30T13:28:05.838347Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-30T13:28:05.906691Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 71d8b9bc-100b-11ed-9b4f-000c29aeb0ec.
2022-07-30T13:28:05.907403Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-30T13:28:06.061123Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-30T13:28:06.061148Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-30T13:28:06.061519Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-30T13:28:06.117624Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: S0204dfcaQ_7
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'S0204dfcaQ_7' > 3306
//初始化3307实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3307 --user=mysql
2022-07-30T13:28:41.661328Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-30T13:28:42.030968Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-30T13:28:42.106493Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-30T13:28:42.177248Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 87772c69-100b-11ed-9e0e-000c29aeb0ec.
2022-07-30T13:28:42.178094Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-30T13:28:42.391238Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-30T13:28:42.391262Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-30T13:28:42.391662Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-30T13:28:42.415453Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: dxshvWj3p>hB
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'dxshvWj3p>hB' > 3307
//初始化3308实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3308 --user=mysql
2022-07-30T13:29:10.479638Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-30T13:29:10.852434Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-30T13:29:10.925553Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-30T13:29:10.942222Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 989c5c40-100b-11ed-9f0d-000c29aeb0ec.
2022-07-30T13:29:10.942822Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-30T13:29:10.976927Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-30T13:29:10.976951Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-30T13:29:10.977333Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-30T13:29:10.989769Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 8l+mIfN,-F!C
[root@localhost ~]# echo '8l+mIfN,-F!C' > 3308
[root@localhost ~]# ls
3306 3307 3308 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]#
安装perl
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install perl
#这个必须安装否则无法启动mysql实列
配置配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
[mysqld3306]
datadir = /opt/data/3306
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid
log-error=/var/log/3306.log
[mysqld3307]
datadir = /opt/data/3307
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3307/mysql_3307.pid
log-error=/var/log/3307.log
[mysqld3308]
datadir = /opt/data/3308
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3308/mysql_3308.pid
log-error=/var/log/3308.log
[root@localhost ~]#
启动各实例
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3308
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]#
#修改配置
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/3307.service
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/3308.service
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service
[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service
[Unit]
Description=3306 server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3306
ExecStop= ps -ef | grep 3306 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
#重启3306 3307 3308
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3306
Job for 3306.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status 3306.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@localhost ~]# journalctl -xe 可以查看问题
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/my_print_defaults
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3306
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3307
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3308
[root@localhost ~]#
初始化密码
[root@localhost ~]# ls
3306 3307 3308 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3306
S0204dfcaQ_7
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3307
dxshvWj3p>hB
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3308
8l+mIfN,-F!C
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'S0204dfcaQ_7'
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方法
[root@localhost ~]# yum provides libncurses.so.5
[root@localhost ~]# yum -yq install ncurses-compat-libs
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'S0204dfcaQ_7' -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> set password = password('3306');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'3306' -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3307_pass
dxshvWj3p>hB
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('3307');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p3307 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cat 3308
8l+mIfN,-F!C
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'8l+mIfN,-F!C' -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock -e 'set password = password("3308");' --connect-expired-password
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p3308 -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
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