Django实现简易博客

好久不写文章了,今天来用Django实现一个简单的个人博客。
1.首先,我们打开终端创建一个Django项目django-admin startproject test
2.然后创建一个apppython manage.py startapp blog
3.在settings.py里面配置好端口ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
以及数据库DATABASES = {
'default': {
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
# 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
'ENGINE':'django.db.backends.mysql', # 数据库的存储引擎
'NAME':'test_django3',
'USER':'xps',
'PASSWORD':'qwe123',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':'3306',
}
}

4.在项目的_init_.py配置使用mysql:


import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

5.为blog创建一个urls.py,并用主路由给它分配路由:

from django.urls import path, re_path
from . import views


urlpatterns = [
    path('add/',views.add,name='blog_add'),
    path('list/',views.list,name='blog_list'),
    path('detail/<blog_id>/',views.detail,name='blog_detail'),
    path('index/',views.index,name='blog_index'),
    path('edit/<blog_id>',views.edit,name='blog_edit'),
    path('delete/<blog_id>/',views.delete,name='blog_delete'),

]

6.然后我们在app里面建立model:

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

# 博客表
class BlogModel(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    content = models.TextField()

7.settings.py里面配置模板路径:
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
,
'APP_DIRS': True, # 设置为True之后,app得注册, 会去app里面的templates找模板
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]

8.建立要用到的模板:
/templates/blog/demo_base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>{% block title %}
    {% endblock %}</title>
</head>
<body>
{% block content %}
     <div>
     <a href="{% url 'blog_index' %}">主页</a>
    </div>
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyblock %}
{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

templates/blog/demo_add.html

{% extends 'blog/demo_base.html' %}
{% block title %}
    添加博客
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyblock %}
    <h1>添加新文章</h1>
    <form action="{% url 'blog_add' %}" method="POST">
        {% csrf_token %}
        标题<input type="text" autocomplete="off" id="title"
                 placeholder="请输入标题" name='title'> <br> <br><br>
        内容 <textarea name="content" id="content"
                     placeholder="请输入内容" cols="30" rows="10"></textarea>
        <button type="submit">发布博客</button>
    </form>
{% endblock %}
t

templates/blog/demo_list.html

{% extends 'blog/demo_base.html' %}
{% block title %}
    文章列表
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyblock %}
    <h1 style="margin-left: 100px">文章列表</h1>
    <table width="400px">
        <thead style="font-size:20px">
            <tr>
                <th>标题</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
    <tbody>
        {% for blog in blog_list %}
            <tr>
                <th><a href="{% url 'blog_detail' blog_id=blog.id %}">{{ blog.title }}</a></th>
                <th><a href="{% url 'blog_edit' blog_id=blog.id %}">编辑</a> | <a href="{% url 'blog_delete' blog.id %}">删除 </a></th>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
    </table>
{% endblock %}

templates/blog/demo_detail.html

{% extends 'blog/demo_base.html' %}
{% block title %}
    文章详情
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyblock %}
    <h1>{{ blog.title }}</h1>
    {{ blog.content }}
{% endblock %}

templates/blog/demo_index.html

{% extends 'blog/demo_base.html' %}
{% block title %}
    博客首页
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyblock %}
    <tr>
        <td><a href="{% url 'blog_add' %}">添加文章</a></td>
        <td><a href="{% url 'blog_list' %}">文章列表</a></td>
    </tr>
{% endblock %}

/templates/blog/demo_edit.py

{% extends 'blog/demo_base.html' %}
{% block title %}
    重新编辑博客
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyblock %}
    <h1>重新编辑博客</h1>
    <form action="" method="POST">
        {% csrf_token %}
        标题<input type="text" autocomplete="off" id="title"
                 placeholder="请输入标题" name='title' value={{ title2 }}>
        <br> <br><br>

        内容 <textarea name="content" id="content"
                     placeholder="请输入内容" cols="30" rows="10">{{ content2 }}</textarea>
        <button type="submit">发布博客</button>
    </form>
{% endblock %}
t

9.接下来就是视图函数的编写

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,reverse
from django.http import HttpResponse

# 简易博客
from .models import BlogModel


# 博客主页
def index(request):
    return render(request, 'blog/demo_index.html')

# 添加博客
def add(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render(request,'blog/demo_add.html')
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.POST.get('title')
        content = request.POST['content']
        blog =BlogModel(title=title, content=content)
        blog.save()
        return redirect(reverse('blog_list'))
    else:
        return HttpResponse('不能处理的操作')

#博客列表
def list(request):
    blog_list = BlogModel.objects.all()

    return render(request, 'blog/demo_list.html',
                  context={'blog_list':blog_list}
                  )

#文章详情
def detail(request, blog_id):
    # 通过id拿到当前的文章
    blog = BlogModel.objects.get(id=blog_id)  # 返回的是一共对象  get有两个就不行了
    # blog = BlogModel.objects.filter(id=blog_id)  #返回的是QuerySet,在模板里面使用blog.first.title拿到对象的属性
    return render(request, 'blog/demo_detail.html',
                  context={'blog':blog}
                  )


# 删除文章
def delete(request, blog_id):
    blog = BlogModel.objects.get(id=blog_id)
    if blog:
        blog.delete()
    return redirect(reverse('blog_list'))

#编辑文章
def edit(request,blog_id):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        blog = BlogModel.objects.get(id= blog_id)
        return render(request,'blog/demo_edit.html',
                      context={'title2':blog.title,
                                'content2':blog.content,
                                }
                      )
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.POST.get('title')
        content = request.POST['content']
        blog =BlogModel.objects.filter(id=blog_id)
        # print(blog)
        # blog =BlogModel.objects.get(id=blog_id)
        # blog = BlogModel(title=title,content=content)
        # blog.save()   # 用get返回来的是一共对象,用属性来修改
        blog.update(title=title,content=content) # filter查出来的是QuerySet,有update方法
        return redirect(reverse('blog_list'))
    else:
        return HttpResponse('修改文章出现未知错误!')

10.容易出现问题的几个地方:
(1).url里面的传参与模板里面的参数传递容易混乱,一定要搞清楚!
(2). 编写视图函数的时候,BolgModel.objects.filterBolgModel.objects.get一定要分清,前者返回的是QuerySet类型的,后者返回的是一个对象。

刚起步,有不懂的地方或者要指正的地方还请大神要指出来。

posted @ 2018-08-01 18:27  此时相望不相闻  阅读(121)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报