python第四章练习题

4.1猜数字游戏的扩展

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#GuessANumMore.py
target = 425
guess = 0
n = 0
while guess != target:
    guess = eval(input("请输入一个猜测的整数(1至1000)："))
    n += 1
    if guess != target:
        if guess > target:
            print("猜大了")
        else:
            print("猜小了")
        print("猜测的次数为：{}".format(n))
    else:
        print("猜对了")
        print("猜测的次数为：{}".format(n))

4.2不同字符统计

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str = input("")
is_char = 0
is_num = 0
is_space = 0
for i in str:
    if i.islower() or i.isupper():
        is_char += 1
    elif i.isdigit():
        is_num += 1
    elif i.isspace():
        is_space += 1
print("英文字符的个数是:", is_char)
print("数字的个数是:", is_num)
print("空格的个数是:", is_space)

4.3最大公约数计算

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def gcm(a,b):
    while b:
        a，b= b, a % b
    return a

def lcm(a,b):
    return (a*b)//gcm(a,b)

a = int(input())
b = int(input())
print("{}与{}的最大公约数为{}".format(a,b,gcm(a,b)))
print("{}与{}的最小公倍数为{}".format(a,b,lcm(a,b)))

4.4猜数游戏继续

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#GuessANumRandom.py
from random import randint
target = randint(1,1000)
guess = 0
n = 0
while guess != target:
    guess = eval(input("请输入一个猜测的整数(1至1000)："))
    n += 1
    if guess != target:
        if guess > target:
            print("猜大了")
        else:
            print("猜小了")
        print("猜测的次数为：{}".format(n))
    else:
        print("猜对了")
        print("猜测的次数为：{}".format(n))

4.5猜数游戏续

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#GuessANumRandomMore.py
from random import randint
target = randint(1,1000)
guess = 0
n = 0
while True:
    try:
        while guess != target:
            guess = int(input("请输入你猜的数字："))
            n += 1
            if guess > target:
                print("猜大了！")
            elif guess < target:
                print("猜小了！")
            else:
                print("猜对了！")
            print("猜测的次数为：{}".format(n))
        break
    except ValueError:
        print("输入内容必须为整数！")

4.6闰年计算

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def is_goodyear(year):
    if year % 4 == 0:
        if year % 100 == 0:
            if year % 400 == 0:
                return True
            else:
                return False
        else:
            return True
    else:
        return False
    
year = eval(input("请输入年份："))
if is_goodyear(year):
    print(year, "是闰年")
else:
    print(year, "不是闰年")

4.7整数合规输入

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num  = input("请输入一个全数字的十进制整数：")
while True:
    try:
        num = int(num)
        break
    except ValueError:
        num = input("输入有误，请重新输入一个全数字的十进制整数：")

print("十进制数为：", num)

4.8小数合规输入

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num  = input("请输入一个带有小数点的浮点数：")
def is_float(num):
    if '.' in num:
        return True
    else:
        return False

while True:

        if not is_float(num):
            num = input("输入有误，请重新输入一个带有小数点的浮点数：")
        else:
            try:
                num == float(num)
                print("浮点数为：", num)
                break
            except ValueError:
                 num = input("输入有误，请重新输入一个带有小数点的浮点数：")