校园集市小程序开发-系统架构与Django后端

E-R模型

接口设计

数据模型设计

基本模型放在models.py中

class School(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='学校名称')
# 学校校区
class SchoolRegion(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='校区名称')

    school = models.ForeignKey(School, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='regions', verbose_name='所属学校')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.school.name} {self.name}"

# 用户
class CustomUser(models.Model):
    wechat_openid = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True, verbose_name='微信OpenID', null=True, blank=True)
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True, editable=False)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=11, unique=True, verbose_name='手机号')
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=(('male', '男'), ('female', '女'),('unknow','未知')), verbose_name='性别')
    avatar = models.URLField(verbose_name='头像URL')
    nickname = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='昵称')

    signature = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=200, verbose_name='个性签名')
    email = models.EmailField(null=True, blank=True, unique=True, verbose_name='邮箱')
    birthday = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='生日')
    height = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='身高')
    background_image = models.URLField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='背景图URL')
    hometown = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=50, verbose_name='家乡')

    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='更新时间')
    is_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否通过认证')
    is_frozen = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否冻结')

    school = models.ForeignKey('School', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='students', verbose_name='所在学校', null=True, blank=True)
    region = models.ForeignKey('SchoolRegion', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='students', verbose_name='所在校区', null=True, blank=True)

    like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点赞数')
    fan_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='粉丝数') # 用户被关注
    follow_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='关注数') # 用户关注数

    def __str__(self):
        return self.nickname


# 圈子
class Circle(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='圈子名称')
    description = models.TextField(verbose_name='圈子描述')
    avatar = models.URLField(verbose_name='圈子头像URL')

    notice = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='圈子公告')

    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    is_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否通过认证')
    is_frozen = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否冻结')

    creator = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='circles', verbose_name='创建者')
    school = models.ForeignKey(School, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='circles', verbose_name='所属学校')

    like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点赞数')
    collect_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏数')
    fan_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='粉丝数')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.name} (创建者：{self.creator.nickname})"

# 帖子
class Post(models.Model):
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='标题') 
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='内容')

    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    is_frozen = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否冻结')

    circle = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts', verbose_name='所属圈子')
    author = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts', verbose_name='作者')

    like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点赞数')
    collect_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏数')
    comment_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='评论数')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.author.nickname}发布的{self.title}"
    

# 评论
class Comment(models.Model):
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='评论内容')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments', verbose_name='所属帖子')
    reply_to = models.ForeignKey('self', on_delete=models.SET_NULL,  related_name='replies', verbose_name='回复目标', null=True, blank=True)
    author = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments', verbose_name='作者')

    like_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点赞数')
    reply_number = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='回复数')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.author.nickname}的{self.content}"

    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # 当删除一个评论时，将指向它的所有回复评论的reply_to字段设置为NULL
        if self.reply_to:
            self.reply_to.replies.update(reply_to=None)
        super().delete(*args, **kwargs)


# 通知
class Notification(models.Model):
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
    sender = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='sent_notifications', verbose_name='事件发送者')
    receiver = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='notifications', verbose_name='接收用户')
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='通知内容', null=True, blank=True)
    status = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='状态')  # True 表示已读，False 表示未读
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

# 上传的图片
class Image(models.Model):
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
    image = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='图片url')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

    uploader = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='images', verbose_name='上传者')

关系模型另外放在relations.py

"""帖子图片"""
class PostImage(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='post_images')
    image = models.ForeignKey(Image, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='post_images')
    # 额外排序字段
    order = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)

    class Meta:
        # 确保图片的顺序是按照升序排列的
        ordering = ['order']
        # 确保不会有重复的帖子-图片对
        unique_together = ('post', 'image')

"""用户举报（帖子、圈子、评论、用户）"""
class Report(models.Model):
    id = models.BigAutoField(primary_key=True)
    report_type = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=[('post', '帖子'), ('circle', '圈子'), ('comment', '评论'), ('user', '用户')], verbose_name='举报类型')
    reason = models.TextField(verbose_name='举报理由', null=True, blank=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=[('pending', '待处理'), ('approved', '已批准'), ('rejected', '已拒绝')], default='pending', verbose_name='举报状态')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

    reporter = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reports', verbose_name='举报者')
    reported_object = models.ForeignKey(Post if report_type == 'post' else Circle if report_type == 'circle' else Comment if report_type == 'comment' else CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='reporters', verbose_name='被举报对象')

    def __str__(self):
        if self.report_type == 'post':
            return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})举报了帖子{self.reported_object.title}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
        elif self.report_type == 'circle':
            return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})举报了{self.reported_object.name}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
        elif self.report_type == 'comment':
            return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})举报了{self.reported_object.content}:id({self.reported_object.id})"
        elif self.report_type == 'user':
            return f"{self.reporter.nickname}:id({self.reporter.id})举报了用户{self.reported_object.nickname}:id({self.reported_object.id})"

"""用户点赞（帖子、评论、圈子、用户）"""
class UserLikePost(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_posts')
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='点赞时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'post')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 点赞了 {self.post.title}"

class UserLikeComment(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_comments')
    comment = models.ForeignKey(Comment, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='点赞时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'comment')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 点赞了 {self.comment.content}"

class UserLikeCircle(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_circles')
    circle = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='点赞时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'circle')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 点赞了 {self.circle.name}"

class UserLikeUser(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='liked_users')
    liked_user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='likers')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='点赞时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'liked_user')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 点赞了 {self.liked_user.nickname}"


"""用户收藏（帖子、圈子、评论）"""
class UserCollectPost(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collected_posts')
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collecters')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='收藏时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'post')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 收藏了 {self.post.title}"

class UserCollectCircle(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collected_circles')
    circle = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collecters')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='收藏时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'circle')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 收藏了 {self.circle.name}"

class UserCollectComment(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collected_comments')
    comment = models.ForeignKey(Comment, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='collecters')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='收藏时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('user', 'comment')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.nickname} 收藏了 {self.comment.content}"


"""用户关注（用户、圈子）"""
class UserFollowUser(models.Model):
    follower = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='following_users')
    following = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='followers')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='关注时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('follower', 'following')  # 确保关注关系是唯一的，防止重复关注

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.follower.nickname} 关注 {self.following.nickname}"

class UserFollowCircle(models.Model):
    follower = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='following_circles')
    following = models.ForeignKey(Circle, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='followers')
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='关注时间')

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('follower', 'following')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.follower.nickname} 关注 {self.following.name}"