shell之cut和tr 的命令的使用
[root@data-1-3 ~]# head /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
##########################例子############################
-d 指定分割符
-f 要显示的段
[root@data-1-3 ~]# cut -d : -f1 /etc/passwd
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
uucp
operator
games
gopher
ftp
nobody
vcsa
saslauth
postfix
sshd
nginx
ntp
apache
[root@data-1-3 ~]# cut -d : -f1,3 /etc/passwd 显示1和3段
root:0
bin:1
daemon:2
adm:3
lp:4
sync:5
shutdown:6
halt:7
mail:8
uucp:10
operator:11
games:12
gopher:13
ftp:14
nobody:99
vcsa:69
saslauth:499
postfix:89
sshd:74
nginx:498
ntp:38
apache:48
[root@data-1-3 ~]# cut -d : -f1-3 /etc/passwd 显示1到3段
root:x:0
bin:x:1
daemon:x:2
adm:x:3
lp:x:4
sync:x:5
shutdown:x:6
halt:x:7
mail:x:8
uucp:x:10
operator:x:11
games:x:12
gopher:x:13
ftp:x:14
nobody:x:99
vcsa:x:69
saslauth:x:499
postfix:x:89
sshd:x:74
nginx:x:498
ntp:x:38
apache:x:48
####################################tr的使用########################
字符处理命令：tr —— 转换或删除字符
tr [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]
-d: 删除出现在字符集中的所有字符
例子：将/etc/passwd 的所有字母换成大写
[root@data-1-3 scripts]# tr 'a-z' 'A-Z' < /etc/passwd
ROOT:X:0:0:ROOT:/ROOT:/BIN/BASH
BIN:X:1:1:BIN:/BIN:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
DAEMON:X:2:2:DAEMON:/SBIN:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
ADM:X:3:4:ADM:/VAR/ADM:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
LP:X:4:7:LP:/VAR/SPOOL/LPD:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
SYNC:X:5:0:SYNC:/SBIN:/BIN/SYNC
SHUTDOWN:X:6:0:SHUTDOWN:/SBIN:/SBIN/SHUTDOWN
HALT:X:7:0:HALT:/SBIN:/SBIN/HALT
MAIL:X:8:12:MAIL:/VAR/SPOOL/MAIL:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
UUCP:X:10:14:UUCP:/VAR/SPOOL/UUCP:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
OPERATOR:X:11:0:OPERATOR:/ROOT:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
GAMES:X:12:100:GAMES:/USR/GAMES:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
GOPHER:X:13:30:GOPHER:/VAR/GOPHER:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
FTP:X:14:50:FTP USER:/VAR/FTP:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
NOBODY:X:99:99:NOBODY:/:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
VCSA:X:69:69:VIRTUAL CONSOLE MEMORY OWNER:/DEV:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
SASLAUTH:X:499:76:SASLAUTHD USER:/VAR/EMPTY/SASLAUTH:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
POSTFIX:X:89:89::/VAR/SPOOL/POSTFIX:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
SSHD:X:74:74:PRIVILEGE-SEPARATED SSH:/VAR/EMPTY/SSHD:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
NGINX:X:498:498::/HOME/NGINX:/BIN/BASH
NTP:X:38:38::/ETC/NTP:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
APACHE:X:48:48:APACHE:/VAR/WWW:/SBIN/NOLOGIN
FUSH:X:500:500::/HOME/FUSH:/BIN/BASH
[root@data-1-3 scripts]# tr ':' '#' < /etc/passwd
root#x#0#0#root#/root#/bin/bash
bin#x#1#1#bin#/bin#/sbin/nologin
daemon#x#2#2#daemon#/sbin#/sbin/nologin
adm#x#3#4#adm#/var/adm#/sbin/nologin
lp#x#4#7#lp#/var/spool/lpd#/sbin/nologin
sync#x#5#0#sync#/sbin#/bin/sync
shutdown#x#6#0#shutdown#/sbin#/sbin/shutdown
halt#x#7#0#halt#/sbin#/sbin/halt
mail#x#8#12#mail#/var/spool/mail#/sbin/nologin
uucp#x#10#14#uucp#/var/spool/uucp#/sbin/nologin
operator#x#11#0#operator#/root#/sbin/nologin
games#x#12#100#games#/usr/games#/sbin/nologin
gopher#x#13#30#gopher#/var/gopher#/sbin/nologin
ftp#x#14#50#FTP User#/var/ftp#/sbin/nologin
nobody#x#99#99#Nobody#/#/sbin/nologin
vcsa#x#69#69#virtual console memory owner#/dev#/sbin/nologin
saslauth#x#499#76#Saslauthd user#/var/empty/saslauth#/sbin/nologin
postfix#x#89#89##/var/spool/postfix#/sbin/nologin
sshd#x#74#74#Privilege-separated SSH#/var/empty/sshd#/sbin/nologin
nginx#x#498#498##/home/nginx#/bin/bash
ntp#x#38#38##/etc/ntp#/sbin/nologin
apache#x#48#48#Apache#/var/www#/sbin/nologin
fush#x#500#500##/home/fush#/bin/bash
##################################################
-d 删除
[root@data-1-3 scripts]# tr -d 'o' < /etc/passwd
rt:x:0:0:rt:/rt:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nlgin
daemn:x:2:2:daemn:/sbin:/sbin/nlgin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nlgin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spl/lpd:/sbin/nlgin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdwn:x:6:0:shutdwn:/sbin:/sbin/shutdwn
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spl/mail:/sbin/nlgin
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spl/uucp:/sbin/nlgin
peratr:x:11:0:peratr:/rt:/sbin/nlgin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nlgin
gpher:x:13:30:gpher:/var/gpher:/sbin/nlgin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nlgin
nbdy:x:99:99:Nbdy:/:/sbin/nlgin
vcsa:x:69:69:virtual cnsle memry wner:/dev:/sbin/nlgin
saslauth:x:499:76:Saslauthd user:/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nlgin
pstfix:x:89:89::/var/spl/pstfix:/sbin/nlgin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nlgin
nginx:x:498:498::/hme/nginx:/bin/bash
ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nlgin
apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nlgin
fush:x:500:500::/hme/fush:/bin/bash
