KVM虚拟机典型配置文件xml
<domain type='kvm'> <name>vm64-1</name> //虚拟机名称 <memory unit='MiB'>2300</memory> //最大内存，单位M <currentMemory unit='MiB'>2300</currentMemory> //可用内存，单位M <vcpu>3</vcpu> //虚拟cpu个数 <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> //硬盘启动 </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='localtime'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>destroy</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/kvm/images/vm64-1.raw'/> //目的镜像路径 <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> /*硬盘使用virtio驱动后识别为pci总线*/ </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/kvm/images/ex.img'/> //目的镜像路径 <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x10' function='0x0'/> /*硬盘使用virtio驱动后识别为pci总线*/ </disk> <interface type='bridge'> //虚拟机网络连接方式 <source bridge='vm1_br_debug'/> //当前主机网桥的名称 vm-eth0 <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <model type='virtio'/> <driver name='vhost' queues='8'/> <mac address="00:16:3E:64:01:00"/> //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </interface> <interface type='bridge'> //虚拟机网络连接方式 <source bridge='vm1_br_protocol'/> //当前主机网桥的名称 vm-eth1 <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <model type='virtio'/> <driver name='vhost' queues='8'/> <mac address="00:16:3E:64:01:01"/> //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </interface> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' listen = '0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'/>//vnc方式登录，端口号自动分配，自动加1，可以通过virsh vncdisplay来查询 </devices> </domain>
范例2
<domain type='kvm'> //如果是Xen，则type=‘xen’
<name>vm0</name> //虚拟机名称，同一物理机唯一
<uuid>fd3535db-2558-43e9-b067-314f48211343</uuid> //同一物理机唯一，可用uuidgen生成
<memory>524288</memory>
<currentMemory>524288</currentMemory> //memory这两个值最好设成一样
<vcpu>2</vcpu> //虚拟机可使用的cpu个数，查看物理机可用CPU个数：cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor | wc -l
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-vivid'>hvm</type> //arch指出系统架构类型，machine 则是机器类型，查看机器类型：qemu-system-x86_64 -M ?
<boot dev='hd'/> //启动介质，第一次需要装系统可以选择cdrom光盘启动
<bootmenu enable='yes'/> //表示启动按F12进入启动菜单
</os>
<features>
<acpi/> //Advanced Configuration and Power Interface,高级配置与电源接口
<apic/> //Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller,高级可编程中断控制器
<pae/> //Physical Address Extension,物理地址扩展
</features>
<clock offset='localtime'/> //虚拟机时钟设置，这里表示本地本机时间
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> //突发事件动作
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<devices> //设备配置
<emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> //如果是Xen则是/usr/lib/xen/binqemu-dm
<disk type='file' device='disk'> //硬盘
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/opt/vm/vmdev/fdisk.img'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> //域、总线、槽、功能号，slot值同一虚拟机上唯一
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/opt/vm/vmdev/fdisk2.img'/>
<target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>//光盘
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/opt/vm/vmiso/ubuntu-15.10-server-amd64.iso'/>
<target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
</disk>
/* 利用Linux网桥连接网络 */
<interface type='bridge'>
<mac address='fa:92:01:33:d4:fa'/>
<source bridge='br100'/> //配置的网桥网卡名称
<target dev='vnet0'/> //同一网桥下相同
<alias name='net0'/> //别名，同一网桥下相同
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> //注意slot值唯一
</interface>
/* 利用ovs网桥连接网络 */
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='br-ovs0'/>
<virtualport type='openvswitch'/>
<target dev='tap0'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
</interface>
/* 配置成pci直通虚拟机连接网络，SR-IOV网卡的VF场景 */
<hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'>
<source>
<address domain='0x0000' bus='0x03' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
</source>
</hostdev>
/* 利用vhostuser连接ovs端口 */
<interface type='vhostuser'>
<mac address='fa:92:01:33:d4:fa'/>
<source type='unix' path='/var/run/vhost-user/tap0' mode='client'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<driver vringbuf='2048'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<interface type='network'> //基于虚拟局域网的网络
<mac address='52:54:4a:e1:1c:84'/> //可用命令生成，见下面的补充
<source network='default'/> //默认
<target dev='vnet1'/> //同一虚拟局域网的值相同
<alias name='net1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> //注意slot值
</interface>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'/> //配置vnc，windows下可以使用vncviewer登录，获取vnc端口号：virsh vncdisplay vm0
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>
</devices>
</domain>
范例3
<domain type='kvm'> <name>vm64-1</name> //虚拟机名称 <memory unit='MiB'>2300</memory> //最大内存，单位M <currentMemory unit='MiB'>2300</currentMemory> //可用内存，单位M <vcpu>3</vcpu> //虚拟cpu个数 <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> //硬盘启动 </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='localtime'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>destroy</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/kvm/images/vm64-1.raw'/> //目的镜像路径 <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> /*硬盘使用virtio驱动后识别为pci总线*/ </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/kvm/images/ex.img'/> //目的镜像路径 <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x10' function='0x0'/> /*硬盘使用virtio驱动后识别为pci总线*/ </disk> <interface type='bridge'> //虚拟机网络连接方式 <source bridge='vm1_br_debug'/> //当前主机网桥的名称 vm-eth0 <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <model type='virtio'/> <driver name='vhost' queues='8'/> <mac address="00:16:3E:64:01:00"/> //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </interface> <interface type='bridge'> //虚拟机网络连接方式 <source bridge='vm1_br_protocol'/> //当前主机网桥的名称 vm-eth1 <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <model type='virtio'/> <driver name='vhost' queues='8'/> <mac address="00:16:3E:64:01:01"/> //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </interface> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' listen = '0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'/>//vnc方式登录，端口号自动分配，自动加1，可以通过virsh vncdisplay来查询 </devices> </domain>
<domain type='kvm'> <name>vm64-1</name> //虚拟机名称 <memory unit='MiB'>2300</memory> //最大内存，单位M <currentMemory unit='MiB'>2300</currentMemory> //可用内存，单位M <vcpu>3</vcpu> //虚拟cpu个数 <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> //硬盘启动 </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='localtime'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>destroy</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/kvm/images/vm64-1.raw'/> //目的镜像路径 <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> /*硬盘使用virtio驱动后识别为pci总线*/ </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/home/kvm/images/ex.img'/> //目的镜像路径 <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x10' function='0x0'/> /*硬盘使用virtio驱动后识别为pci总线*/ </disk> <interface type='bridge'> //虚拟机网络连接方式 <source bridge='vm1_br_debug'/> //当前主机网桥的名称 vm-eth0 <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <model type='virtio'/> <driver name='vhost' queues='8'/> <mac address="00:16:3E:64:01:00"/> //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </interface> <interface type='bridge'> //虚拟机网络连接方式 <source bridge='vm1_br_protocol'/> //当前主机网桥的名称 vm-eth1 <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <model type='virtio'/> <driver name='vhost' queues='8'/> <mac address="00:16:3E:64:01:01"/> //为虚拟机分配mac地址，务必唯一，否则dhcp获得同样ip,引起冲突 <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </interface> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' listen = '0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'/>//vnc方式登录，端口号自动分配，自动加1，可以通过virsh vncdisplay来查询 </devices> </domain>
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