Mybatis
一、 课程目标
   Mybatis介绍
   Mybatis增删改查
   SQL注入问题介绍
   Mybatis xml与注解实现
   Mybatis分页
二、 Mybatis 快速入门
2.1 Mybatis 介绍
MyBatis是支持普通 **_SQL_** 查询,存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架。MyBatis消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及对结果集的检
索封装。MyBatis可以使用简单的XML或注解用于配置和原始映射,将接口和Java的POJO(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的Java对象)映射成数库
中的记录. **JDBC-** → **MyBatis-** → **Hibernate**
2.2 Mybatis 环境搭建
2.2.1 添加 Maven 坐标
 <dependencies>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
 <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
 <version>3.4.4</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
 <version>5.1.21</version>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
2.2.2 建表
    CREATE TABLE users(id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20), age INT);
    INSERT INTO users(NAME, age) VALUES('Tom', 12);
    INSERT INTO users(NAME, age) VALUES('Jack', 11);
2.2.3 添加 mybatis 配置文件
 <?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
 <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
 "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis- 3 - config.dtd">
 <configuration>
 <environments default= "development" >
 <environment id= "development" >
 <transactionManager type= "JDBC" />
 <dataSource type= "POOLED" >
 <property name= "driver" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
 <property name= "url" value= "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
 <property name= "username" value= "root" />
 <property name= "password" value= "root" />
 </dataSource>
 </environment>
 </environments>
 </configuration>
2.2.4 定义表的实体类
 package com.entity;
 public class User {
 private int id;
 private String name;
 private int age;
 //get,set方法
 }
2.2.5 定义 userMapper 接口
 package com.itmayiedu.mapper;
 import com.itmayiedu.entity.User;
 public interface UserMapper {
 public User getUser(int id);
 }
2.2.6 定义操作 users 表的 sql 映射文件 userMapper.xml
    <?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis- 3 - mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace= "com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserMapper" >
    <select id= "getUser" parameterType= "int"
    resultType= "com.itmayiedu.entity.User" >
    SELECT * FROM users where id =#{id}
    </select>
    </mapper>
2.2.7mybatis.xml 文件中加载配置文件
 <mappers>
 <mapper resource= "mapper/userMapper.xml" />
  </mappers>
2.2.8mybatis.xml 测试方法
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.Reader;
 import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
 import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
 import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
 import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
 import com.itmayiedu.entity.User;
 public class TestMybatis {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
         String resource = "mybatis.xml";
         // 读取配置文件
         Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(resource);
         // 获取会话工厂
         SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new
         SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
         SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
         // 查询
         String sql = "com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserMapper.getUser";
         // 调用api查询
         User user = openSession.selectOne(sql, 1);
         System.out.println(user.toString());
     }
 }
2.2.3 增加案例
  Xml:
 <insert id= "addUser" parameterType= "com.itmayiedu.entity.User" >
 INSERT INTO users(NAME, age) VALUES(#{name}, #{age});
    </insert>
    代码:
 static public void add() throws IOException{
 String resource = "mybatis.xml";
 // 读取配置文件
 Reader reader = Resources. getResourceAsReader (resource);
 // 获取会话工厂
 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
 SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
 // 查询
 String sql = "com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserMapper.addUser";
 // 调用api查询
 User userPa = new User();
 userPa.setAge(19);
 userPa.setName("张三");
 int reuslt = openSession.insert(sql, userPa);
 System. out .println(reuslt);
  }
2.2.4 删除
  Xml:
 <delete id= "delUser" parameterType= "int" >
 delete from users where id=#{id}
  </delete>
  代码:
 static public void delUser() throws IOException{
 String resource = "mybatis.xml";
 // 读取配置文件
 Reader reader = Resources. getResourceAsReader (resource);
 // 获取会话工厂
 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
 SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
 // 查询
 String sql = "com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserMapper.delUser";
 int reuslt = openSession.delete(sql,1);
 System. out .println(reuslt);
  }
三、 sql 注入案例
3.1 创建表 + 测试数据
   create table user_table(
   id int Primary key,
   username varchar(30),
   password varchar(30)
   );
   insert into user_table values(1,'yushengjun-1','12345');
   insert into user_table values(2,'yushengjun-2','12345');
3.2 jdbc 进行加载
String username = "yushengjun-1";
String password = "12345";
String sql = "SELECT id,username FROM user_table WHERE " + "username='" + username + "'AND " + "password='"
+ password + "'";
Class. **_forName_** ("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection con = DriverManager. **_getConnection_** ("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "root", "root");
PreparedStatement stat = con.prepareStatement(sql);
System.out.println(stat.toString());
ResultSet rs = stat.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
String id = rs.getString(1);
String name = rs.getString(2);
System.out.println("id:" + id + "---name:" + name);
 }
3.3 将 username 的值设置为
    username=' OR 1=1 --
    因为--表示SQL注释,因此后面语句忽略;
    因为1=1恒成立,因此 username='' OR 1=1 恒成立,因此SQL语句等同于:
3.4sql 注入解决办法
 第一步:编译sql
 第二步:执行sql
 优点:能预编译sql语句
String username = "username=' OR 1=1 -- ";
String password = "12345";
// String sql = "SELECT id,username FROM user_table WHERE " +
// "username='" + username + "'AND " + "password='"
// + password + "'";
String sql = "SELECT id,username FROM user_table WHERE username=? AND password=?";
Class. **_forName_** ("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection con = DriverManager. **_getConnection_** ("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "root", "root");
PreparedStatement stat = con.prepareStatement(sql);
stat.setString(1, username);
stat.setString(2, password);
System.out.println(stat.toString());
ResultSet rs = stat.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
String id = rs.getString(1);
String name = rs.getString(2);
System.out.println("id:" + id + "---name:" + name);
  }
3.4 mybatis 中 # 与 $ 区别
 动态 sql 是 mybatis 的主要特性之一,在 mapper 中定义的参数传到 xml 中之后,在查询之前
 mybatis 会对其进行动态解析。mybatis 为我们提供了两种支持动态 sql 的语法:#{} 以及 ${}。
 在下面的语句中,如果 username 的值为 zhangsan,则两种方式无任何区别:
 select * from user where name = #{name};
 select * from user where name = ${name};
 其解析之后的结果均为
 select * from user where name = 'zhangsan';
 但是 #{} 和 ${} 在预编译中的处理是不一样的。#{} 在预处理时,会把参数部分用一个占位符? 代
 替,变成如下的 sql 语句:
 select * from user where name = ?;
 而 ${} 则只是简单的字符串替换,在动态解析阶段,该 sql 语句会被解析成
 select * from user where name = 'zhangsan';
 以上,#{} 的参数替换是发生在 DBMS 中,而 ${} 则发生在动态解析过程中。
 那么,在使用过程中我们应该使用哪种方式呢?
 答案是,优先使用 #{}。因为 ${} 会导致 sql 注入的问题。看下面的例子:
 select * from ${tableName} where name = #{name}
 在这个例子中,如果表名为
 user; delete user; --
 则动态解析之后 sql 如下:
 select * from user; delete user; -- where name = ?;
 --之后的语句被注释掉,而原本查询用户的语句变成了查询所有用户信息+删除用户表的语句,会对
 数据库造成重大损伤,极大可能导致服务器宕机。
 但是表名用参数传递进来的时候,只能使用 ${} ,具体原因可以自己做个猜测,去验证。这也提醒
 我们在这种用法中要小心sql注入的问题。
3.4.1 创建 UserTable
package com.itmayiedu.entity;
public class UserTable {
private int id;
private String userName;
private String passWord;
 }
3.4.2 创建 UserTable
package com.itmayiedu.mapper;
import com.itmayiedu.entity.UserTable;
public interface UserTableMapper {
public UserTable login(UserTable userTable);
}
3.4.3userTableMapper.xml
<?xml version= _"1.0"_ encoding= _"UTF-8"_ ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis- 3 - mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace= _"com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserTableMapper"_ >
<select id= _"login"_ parameterType= _"com.itmayiedu.entity.UserTable"_
resultType= _"com.itmayiedu.entity.UserTable"_ >
SELECT id ,username as userName FROM user_table WHERE
username=${userName} AND password=${passWord}
</select>
  </mapper>
3.4.4 测试 SQL 注入
public class TestLoginMybatis3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
String resource = "mybatis.xml";
// 读取配置文件
Reader reader = Resources. **_getResourceAsReader_** (resource);
// 获取会话工厂
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
// 查询
String sql = "com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserTableMapper.login";
// 调用api查询
UserTable userTable = new UserTable();
userTable.setUserName("'' OR 1=1 -- ");
userTable.setPassWord("12345");
List<UserTable> listUserTable = openSession.selectList(sql, userTable);
for (UserTable ub : listUserTable) {
System.out.println(ub.getUserName());
}
}
}
3.4.5 总结
 优先使用 #{}。因为 ${} 会导致 sql 注入的问题
四、 Mybatis 注解使用
  Mybatis提供了增删改查注解、@select @delete @update
4.1 建立注解 Mapper
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import com.itmayiedu.entity.User;
public interface UserTestMapper {
@Select("select * from users where id = ${id};")
public User getUser(@Param("id") String id);
}
4.2 加入 mybatis.xml
  <mapper class="com.itmayiedu.mapper.UserTestMapper" />
4.3 运行测试
 public class TestMybatis3 {
 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
 String resource = "mybatis.xml";
 // 读取配置文件
 Reader reader = Resources. getResourceAsReader (resource);
 // 获取会话工厂
 SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
 SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
 // 调用api查询
 UserTestMapper userTestMapper=openSession.getMapper(UserTestMapper.class);
 System. out .println(userTestMapper.getUser("2"));
 }
 }
五、 Generator 使用
 Generator 逆向生成 使用