1-2-History of Java-Java的历史

History of Java Java的历史

The history of Java is very interesting. Java was originally designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced technology for the digital cable television industry at the time. The history of Java starts with the Green Team. Java team members (also known as Green Team), initiated this project to develop a language for digital devices such as set-top boxes, televisions, etc. However, it was suited for internet programming. Later, Java technology was incorporated by Netscape.
Java的历史非常有趣。Java最初是为交互式电视设计的，但对于当时的数字有线电视行业来说，它的技术过于先进。Java的历史要从Green Team说起。Java团队成员(也称为Green Team)，发起了这个项目，为机顶盒、电视机等数字设备开发一种语言。然而，它适合于互联网编程。后来，Java技术被网景公司吸收。

The principles for creating Java programming were "Simple, Robust, Portable, Platform-independent, Secured, High Performance, Multithreaded, Architecture Neutral, Object-Oriented, Interpreted, and Dynamic". Java was developed by James Gosling, who is known as the father of Java, in 1995. James Gosling and his team members started the project in the early '90s.
创建Java编程的原则是 "简单、稳健、可移植、平台独立、安全、高性能、多线程、架构中立、面向对象、解释和动态"。Java是由被称为Java之父的James Gosling在1995年开发的。James Gosling和他的团队成员在90年代初开始了这个项目。

James Gosling - founder of java

James Gosling - java的创始人

Currently, Java is used in internet programming, mobile devices, games, e-business solutions, etc. There are given significant points that describe the history of Java.
目前，Java被应用于互联网编程、移动设备、游戏、电子商务解决方案等。有给出了描述Java历史的重要观点。

1) James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language project in June 1991. The small team of sun engineers called Green Team.
1）1991年6月，James Gosling、Mike Sheridan和Patrick Naughton发起了Java语言项目。这个由sun工程师组成的小团队被称为Green Team。

2) Initially designed for small, embedded systems in electronic appliances like set-top boxes.
2）最初是为机顶盒等电子电器中的小型嵌入式系统设计的。

3) Firstly, it was called "Greentalk" by James Gosling, and the file extension was .gt.
3）最初，它被James Gosling称为 "Greentalk"，文件扩展名为.gt。

4) After that, it was called Oak and was developed as a part of the Green project.
4）之后，它被称为 "Oak"，作为Green project的一部分被开发出来。

Why Java named "Oak"?
为什么Java命名为 "Oak"？

5) Why Oak? Oak is a symbol of strength and chosen as a national tree of many countries like the U.S.A., France, Germany, Romania, etc.
5）为什么叫Oak？橡树是力量的象征，被许多国家选为国树，如美国、法国、德国、罗马尼亚等。

6) In 1995, Oak was renamed as "Java" because it was already a trademark by Oak Technologies.
6）1995年，橡树被改名为 "Java"，因为它已经是橡树科技公司的商标。

Why Java Programming named "Java"?

为什么将Java命名为 "Java"？

7) Why had they chosen java name for Java language? The team gathered to choose a new name. The suggested words were "dynamic", "revolutionary", "Silk", "jolt", "DNA", etc. They wanted something that reflected the essence of the technology: revolutionary, dynamic, lively, cool, unique, and easy to spell and fun to say.
7）他们为什么要为Java语言选择java这个名字？团队聚集在一起选择一个新的名字。建议的词有 "动态"、"革命"、"丝绸"、"震动"、"DNA "等。他们希望能反映出技术的本质：革命性的、动态的、活泼的、酷炫的、独特的，并且容易拼写和有趣。

According to James Gosling, "Java was one of the top choices along with Silk". Since Java was so unique, most of the team members preferred Java than other names.
根据James Gosling的说法，"Java和Silk一样是首选之一"。由于Java是如此独特，大多数团队成员都喜欢Java而不是其他名字。

8) Java is an island of Indonesia where the first coffee was produced (called java coffee). It is a kind of espresso bean. Java name was chosen by James Gosling while having coffee near his office.
8）爪哇是印度尼西亚的一个岛屿，在这里生产了第一杯咖啡（称为java咖啡）。它是一种浓缩咖啡豆。Java这个名字是詹姆斯-高斯林在办公室附近喝咖啡时选择的。

9) Notice that Java is just a name, not an acronym.
9）注意，Java就是这门语言名字，而不是缩写。

10) Initially developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which is now a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995.

10)最初由James Gosling在Sun Microsystems（现在是Oracle公司的子公司）开发，并于1995年发布。

11) In 1995, Time magazine called Java one of the Ten Best Products of 1995.

11)1995年，时代杂志将Java称为1995年十大最佳产品之一。

12) JDK 1.0 released in(January 23, 1996). After the first release of Java, there have been many additional features added to the language. Now Java is being used in Windows applications, Web applications, enterprise applications, mobile applications, cards, etc. Each new version adds the new features in Java.

12)JDK1.0发布于（1996年1月23日）。在Java的第一个版本发布之后，该语言中添加了许多其他特性。现在Java已经被应用于Windows应用程序、Web应用程序、企业应用程序、移动应用程序、卡片等，每一个新版本都增加了Java的新特性。

Java Version History

java历史版本

Many java versions have been released till now. The current stable release of Java is Java SE 10.

到目前为止，已经发布了许多java版本。Java当前的稳定版本是JavaSE10。

JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)
JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan 1996)
JDK 1.1 (19th Feb 1997)
J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec 1998)
J2SE 1.3 (8th May 2000)
J2SE 1.4 (6th Feb 2002)
J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep 2004)
Java SE 6 (11th Dec 2006)
Java SE 7 (28th July 2011)
Java SE 8 (18th Mar 2014)
Java SE 9 (21st Sep 2017)
Java SE 10 (20th Mar 2018)

下一节