public class SnowFlakeUtil {
private long workerId;
private long datacenterId;
private long sequence = 0L;
private long twepoch = 1288834974657L; // Thu, 04 Nov 2010 01:42:54 GMT 标记时间 用来计算偏移量,距离当前时间不同,得到的数据的位数也不同
private long workerIdBits = 5L; // 物理节点ID长度
private long datacenterIdBits = 5L; // 数据中心ID长度
private long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits); // 最大支持机器节点数0~31,一共32个
private long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits); // 最大支持数据中心节点数0~31,一共32个
private long sequenceBits = 12L; // 序列号12位, 4095,同毫秒内生成不同id的最大个数
private long workerIdShift = sequenceBits; // 机器节点左移12位
private long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits; // 数据中心节点左移17位
private long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits; // 时间毫秒数左移22位
private long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits); // 用于和当前时间戳做比较,以获取最新时间
private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
/**
* 成员类,SnowFlakeUtil的实例对象的保存域
*
*/
private static class IdGenHolder {
private static final SnowFlakeUtil instance = new SnowFlakeUtil();
}
/**
* 外部调用获取SnowFlakeUtil的实例对象,确保不可变
*
* @return
*/
public static SnowFlakeUtil get() {
return IdGenHolder.instance;
}
/**
* 初始化构造,无参构造有参函数,默认节点都是0
*/
public SnowFlakeUtil() {
this(0L, 0L);
}
/**
* 设置机器节点和数据中心节点数,都是 0-31
*
* @param workerId
* @param datacenterId
*/
public SnowFlakeUtil(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
}
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
}
/**
* 线程安全的id生成方法
*
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public synchronized long nextId() {
// 获取当前毫秒数
long timestamp = timeGen();
// 如果服务器时间有问题(时钟后退) 报错。
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
throw new RuntimeException(String.format(
"Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}
// 如果上次生成时间和当前时间相同,在同一毫秒内
if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
// sequence自增,因为sequence只有12bit,所以和sequenceMask相与一下,去掉高位
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
// 判断是否溢出,也就是每毫秒内超过4095,当为4096时,与sequenceMask相与,sequence就等于0
if (sequence == 0) {
// 自旋等待到下一毫秒
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
}
} else {
// 如果和上次生成时间不同,重置sequence,就是下一毫秒开始,sequence计数重新从0开始累加,每个毫秒时间内,都是从0开始计数,最大4095
sequence = 0L;
}
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
// 最后按照规则拼出ID 64位
// 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000 00000 000000000000
// 1位固定整数 time datacenterId workerId sequence
return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift)
| (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;
}
/**
* 比较当前时间和过去时间,防止时钟回退(机器问题),保证给的都是最新时间/最大时间
*
* @param lastTimestamp
* @return
*/
protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}
/**
* 获取当前的时间戳(毫秒)
*
* @return
*/
protected long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
/**
* 获取全局唯一id
*/
public static String getId() {
Long id = SnowFlakeUtil.get().nextId();
return id.toString();
}
}