支付宝支付前后端

支付宝支付

1.支付宝支付官网sdk
https://opendocs.alipay.com/open/02no41

2.沙箱环境
Sandbox:程序的虚拟执行环境，不需要申请各种认证，直接写程序，后期只需要换成只是的秘钥即可

3.使用沙箱环境
-第三方的sdk：https://github.com/fzlee/alipay
-基于支付宝的API接口封装的，开源软件
pip3 install python-alipay-sdk

4.生成公钥私钥(支付宝提了一个生成的工具)
https://opendocs.alipay.com/open/02np9g
-生成公钥私钥，在本地(私钥好好保管)
4.1把公钥填在支付宝网站上(沙箱环境，正式环境)
-把公钥填进网站，会生成一个支付宝公钥，以后项目中咱们使用支付宝公钥来做
-https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm?tab=info

支付宝支付基本使用

1.app_private_key.pem
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
通过支付宝公钥私钥签发软件签发的应用私钥
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

2.alipay_public_key.pem
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
拿应用公钥跟支付宝换来的支付宝公钥
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

3.
from alipay import AliPay
from alipay.utils import AliPayConfig

# 初始化得到对象，传入一堆参数
alipay = AliPay(
    appid="",  # app的id号
    app_notify_url=None,  # 默认回调 url
    app_private_key_string=open('./app_private_key.pem').read(),
    # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥,
    alipay_public_key_string=open('./alipay_public_key.pem').read(),
    sign_type="RSA2",  # RSA 或者 RSA2
    debug=False,  # 默认 False
    verbose=False,  # 输出调试数据
    config=AliPayConfig(timeout=15)  # 可选，请求超时时间
)

# 生成支付链接
order_string = alipay.api_alipay_trade_page_pay(
    out_trade_no="asdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdf",  # 订单号
    total_amount=999,  # 价格
    subject='任天堂Switch',  # 订单标题(商品名)
    return_url="https://example.com",  # get回调地址
    notify_url="https://example.com/notify"  # post回调地址
)
# print('https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do?'+order_string)
print('https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?' + order_string)

支付宝支付二次封装

libs/alipay_common/pem/init

from .pay import alipay
from .settings import GATEWAY

libs/alipay_common/pem/pay.py

from alipay import AliPay
from alipay.utils import AliPayConfig
from . import settings

# 初始化得到对象，传入一堆参数
alipay = AliPay(
    appid=settings.APPID,  # app的id号
    app_notify_url=None,  # 默认回调 url
    app_private_key_string=settings.APP_PRIVATE_KEY_STRING,
    # 支付宝的公钥，验证支付宝回传消息使用，不是你自己的公钥,
    alipay_public_key_string=settings.ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY_STRING,
    sign_type=settings.SIGN,  # RSA 或者 RSA2
    debug=settings.DEBUG,  # 默认 False
    verbose=False,  # 输出调试数据
    config=AliPayConfig(timeout=15)  # 可选，请求超时时间
)

libs/alipay_common/pem/settings.py

import os

APPID = '2021000121697105'
# 应用私钥
APP_PRIVATE_KEY_STRING = open(
    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'pem', 'app_private_key.pem')).read()
# 支付宝公钥
ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY_STRING = open(
    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'pem', 'alipay_public_key.pem')).read()
# 加密方式
SIGN = 'RSA2'

# 是否是支付宝测试环境(沙箱环境)，如果采用真是支付宝环境，配置False
DEBUG = True

# 支付网关
GATEWAY = 'https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do' if DEBUG else 'https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do'

测试接口

from utils.response import APIResponse
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSet
from libs.alipay_common import alipay, GATEWAY
from rest_framework.decorators import action
import uuid


class PayView(ViewSet):
    @action(methods=['GET'], detail=False)
    def alipay(self, request):
        trade_no = str(uuid.uuid4())
        s = alipay.api_alipay_trade_page_pay(
            out_trade_no=trade_no,  # 订单号
            total_amount=999,  # 价格
            subject='任天堂Switch',  # 订单标题(商品名)
            return_url="https://example.com",  # get回调地址
            notify_url="https://example.com/notify"  # post回调地址
        )
        pay_url = GATEWAY + s
        return APIResponse(pay_url=pay_url)

# 路由
#  http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/course/pay/alipay
router.register('pay', views.PayView, 'pay')

订单相关表设计

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
from user.models import UserInfo
from course.models import Course


class Order(models.Model):
    """订单模型"""
    status_choices = (
        (0, '未支付'),
        (1, '已支付'),
        (2, '已取消'),
        (3, '超时取消'),
    )
    pay_choices = (
        (1, '支付宝'),
        (2, '微信支付'),
    )
    subject = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name="订单标题")
    total_amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="订单总价", default=0)
    # 唯一的，咱们生成的， uuid
    out_trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="订单号", unique=True)
    # 支付宝 成功后，会有个流水号
    trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=True, verbose_name="流水号")
    # 订单状态
    order_status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0, verbose_name="订单状态")
    pay_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=pay_choices, default=1, verbose_name="支付方式")
    # 支付时间：支付宝支付完成返回的数据中有这个字段
    pay_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name="支付时间")
    # 订单创建时间，不一定支付
    created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserInfo, related_name='order_user', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, db_constraint=False,
                             verbose_name="下单用户")

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_order"
        verbose_name = "订单记录"
        verbose_name_plural = "订单记录"

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s - ￥%s" % (self.subject, self.total_amount)

    @property
    def courses(self):
        data_list = []
        for item in self.order_courses.all():
            data_list.append({
                "id": item.id,
                "course_name": item.course.name,
                "real_price": item.real_price,
            })
        return data_list


# 订单详情表
class OrderDetail(models.Model):
    """订单详情"""
    order = models.ForeignKey(Order, related_name='order_courses', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False,
                              verbose_name="订单")
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, related_name='course_orders', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False,
                               verbose_name="课程")
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程原价")
    real_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程实价")

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_order_detail"
        verbose_name = "订单详情"
        verbose_name_plural = "订单详情"

    def __str__(self):
        try:
            return "%s的订单：%s" % (self.course.name, self.order.out_trade_no)
        except:
            return super().__str__()

订单接口

路由

from . import views
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter

router = SimpleRouter()
# http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/order/alipay/
router.register('alipay', views.OrderView, 'alipay')
urlpatterns = [
]
urlpatterns += router.urls

视图类

from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from .models import Order
from .serializer import OrderSerializer
from utils.response import APIResponse
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated


class OrderView(GenericViewSet):
    queryset = Order.objects.all()
    serializer_class = OrderSerializer
    # 登录才能访问
    authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication]
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data, context={'request': request})
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        serializer.save()
        pay_url = serializer.context.get('pay_url')
        return APIResponse(pay_url=pay_url)

序列化类

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Order, OrderDetail
from course.models import Course
from rest_framework.exceptions import APIException
from django.conf import settings


class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 获取所有课程、只用来写、多条
    courses = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset=Course.objects.all(), write_only=True, many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = ['courses', 'total_amount', 'subject', 'pay_type']

    def _check_price(self, attrs):
        total_amount = attrs.get('total_amount')
        real_total = 0
        for course in attrs.get('courses'):
            real_total += course.price
        if not total_amount == real_total:
            raise APIException('价格不一样')
        else:
            return real_total

    def _get_trade_no(self):
        import uuid
        return str(uuid.uuid4())

    def _get_user(self):
        # 当前登录用户 request.user
        request = self.context.get('request')
        return request.user

    def _get_pay_url(self, total_amount, subject, trade_no):
        from libs.alipay_common import GATEWAY, alipay
        pay_str = alipay.api_alipay_trade_page_pay(
            out_trade_no=trade_no,
            total_amount=float(total_amount),
            subject=subject,
            return_url=settings.RETURN_URL,  # get回调地址
            notify_url=settings.NOTIFY_URL  # post回调地址
        )
        return GATEWAY + pay_str

    def _before_create(self, pay_url, attrs, user, trade_no):
        self.context['pay_url'] = pay_url
        attrs['user'] = user
        attrs['out_trade_no'] = trade_no

    def validate(self, attrs):
        # 校验价格，计算总价格和后端算出来的总价是否一致
        total_amount = self._check_price(attrs)
        # 生成唯一订单号
        trade_no = self._get_trade_no()
        # 用户认证
        user = self._get_user()
        # 支付连接生成，放入到self.context中
        pay_url = self._get_pay_url(total_amount, attrs.get('subject'), trade_no)
        # 入库的信息准备，重写create方法
        self._before_create(pay_url, attrs, user, trade_no)
        return attrs

    def create(self, validated_data):
        courses = validated_data.pop('courses')
        order = Order.objects.create(**validated_data)
        for course in courses:
            OrderDetail.objects.create(order=order, course=course, price=course.price, real_price=course.price)
        return order

支付前端

<template>
<div class="buy">
<div class="buy-btn">
<button class="buy-now" @click="go_buy(course_info.price, course_info.name)">立即购买</button>
<button class="free">免费试学</button>
</div>
</div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  methods: {
    go_buy(price, subject) {
      let token = this.$cookies.get('token')
      if (token) {
        this.$axios.post(this.$settings.BASE_URL + 'order/alipay/', {
          courses: [this.course_id],
          total_amount: price,
          subject: subject,
          pay_type: 1
        }, {
          headers: {'Authorization': 'jwt ' + token}
        }).then(res => {
          if (res.data.code == 100) {
            // 打开支付链接
            open(res.data.pay_url, '_self')
          } else {
            this.$settings({
              message: res.data.msg,
              type: 'error'
            });
          }
        })
      } else {
        this.$message({
          message: '你还没有登录，请先登录',
          type: 'error'
        })
      }
    },
  },
</script>

支付成功页面PaySucess.vue

<template>
  <div class="pay-success">
    <!--如果是单独的页面，就没必要展示导航栏(带有登录的用户)-->
    <Header/>
    <div class="main">
      <div class="title">
        <div class="success-tips">
          <p class="tips">您已成功购买 1 门课程！</p>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="order-info">
        <p class="info"><b>订单号：</b><span>{{ result.out_trade_no }}</span></p>
        <p class="info"><b>交易号：</b><span>{{ result.trade_no }}</span></p>
        <p class="info"><b>付款时间：</b><span><span>{{ result.timestamp }}</span></span></p>
      </div>
      <div class="study">
        <span>立即学习</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import Header from "@/components/Header"

export default {
  name: "Success",
  data() {
    return {
      result: {},
    };
  },
  created() {
    // url后拼接的参数：?及后面的所有参数 => ?a=1&b=2
    // console.log(location.search);

    // 解析支付宝回调的url参数
    let params = location.search.substring(1);  // 去除? => a=1&b=2
    let items = params.length ? params.split('&') : [];  // ['a=1', 'b=2']
    //逐个将每一项添加到args对象中
    for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {  // 第一次循环a=1，第二次b=2
      let k_v = items[i].split('=');  // ['a', '1']
      //解码操作，因为查询字符串经过编码的
      if (k_v.length >= 2) {
        // url编码反解
        let k = decodeURIComponent(k_v[0]);
        this.result[k] = decodeURIComponent(k_v[1]);
        // 没有url编码反解
        // this.result[k_v[0]] = k_v[1];
      }

    }
    // 解析后的结果
    // console.log(this.result);


    // 把地址栏上面的支付结果，再get请求转发给后端
    this.$axios({
      url: this.$settings.base_url + '/order/success/' + location.search,
      method: 'get',
    }).then(response => {
      console.log(response.data);
    }).catch(() => {
      console.log('支付结果同步失败');
    })
  },
  components: {
    Header,
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.main {
  padding: 60px 0;
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 1200px;
  background: #fff;
}

.main .title {
  display: flex;
  -ms-flex-align: center;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 25px 40px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
}

.main .title .success-tips {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.title img {
  vertical-align: middle;
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  margin-right: 40px;
}

.title .success-tips {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.title .tips {
  font-size: 26px;
  color: #000;
}


.info span {
  color: #ec6730;
}

.order-info {
  padding: 25px 48px;
  padding-bottom: 15px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
}

.order-info p {
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.order-info p b {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #9d9d9d;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.study {
  padding: 25px 40px;
}

.study span {
  display: block;
  width: 140px;
  height: 42px;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 42px;
  cursor: pointer;
  background: #ffc210;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #fff;
}
</style>

支付宝回调接口

1.支付成功，支付宝会有俩回调
1.1get回调，调前端
为了保证准确性，支付宝回调会前端后，我们自己向后端发送一个请求，查询一下这个订单是否支付成功
1.2post回调，调后端接口
-后端接口，接受支付宝的回调，修改订单状态
-这个接口不需要任何的认证和权限
-如果用户点了支付----》跳转到了支付宝页面---》你的服务挂机了---》支付宝在24小时内，会有8次回调

2.内网穿透
2.1支付宝在公网上，无法访问我们内网，在测试阶段，项目没上线，就无法完成回调
2.2通过第三方服务端，让局域网内的东西，可以被外网访问到