Maven 初学(一)基本概念

Pom中有三个主要元素

Groupid,artifactid,version

goupid 是一个组织唯一的标识  例如 com.ibm.www

artifactid  是一个工程呢ID        ibm-project

version   代表一个版本  例如    com.ibm.www.ibm-project.1.0

 

maven执行一个目标(goal)有以下几个步骤

prepare-resources    资源的拷贝

compile   源代码拷贝阶段

package  创建jar/war包阶段

install      安装包到本地或者远程库中

mvn clean dependency:copy-dependencies package
 
clean 首先被执行,
然后dependency:copy-dependencies被执行
然后是package被执行
clean 的 Lifecycle
pre-clean
clean 
post-clean 
 
默认 build Lifecycle
validate    验证工程是否正确,所有必要的信息是否有效
Lifecycle PhaseDescription
validate Validates whether project is correct and all necessary information is available to complete the build process.
initialize Initializes build state, for example set properties
generate-sources Generate any source code to be included in compilation phase.
process-sources Process the source code, for example, filter any value.
generate-resources Generate resources to be included in the package.
process-resources Copy and process the resources into the destination directory, ready for packaging phase.
compile Compile the source code of the project.
process-classes Post-process the generated files from compilation, for example to do bytecode enhancement/optimization on Java classes.
generate-test-sources Generate any test source code to be included in compilation phase.
process-test-sources Process the test source code, for example, filter any values.
test-compile Compile the test source code into the test destination directory.
process-test-classes Process the generated files from test code file compilation.
test Run tests using a suitable unit testing framework(Junit is one).
prepare-package Perform any operations necessary to prepare a package before the actual packaging.
package Take the compiled code and package it in its distributable format, such as a JAR, WAR, or EAR file.
pre-integration-test Perform actions required before integration tests are executed. For example, setting up the required environment.
integration-test Process and deploy the package if necessary into an environment where integration tests can be run.
post-integration-test Perform actions required after integration tests have been executed. For example, cleaning up the environment.
verify Run any check-ups to verify the package is valid and meets quality criterias.
install Install the package into the local repository, which can be used as a dependency in other projects locally.
deploy Copies the final package to the remote repository for sharing with other developers and projects.

 

local Repository 本地库

可以在settings文件中设置本地库位置

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
      <localRepository>C:/MyLocalRepository</localRepository>
</settings>


Central Repository  中心库

maven在本地库中不能找到依赖的时候,就回去中心库中寻找

http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/

Remote Repository远程库

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.companyname.projectgroup</groupId>
   <artifactId>project</artifactId>
   <version>1.0</version>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>com.companyname.common-lib</groupId>
         <artifactId>common-lib</artifactId>
         <version>1.0.0</version>
      </dependency>
   <dependencies>
   <repositories>
      <repository>
         <id>companyname.lib1</id>
         <url>http://download.companyname.org/maven2/lib1</url>
      </repository>
      <repository>
         <id>companyname.lib2</id>
         <url>http://download.companyname.org/maven2/lib2</url>
      </repository>
   </repositories>
</project>


使用archetype插件创建工程

C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate
-DgroupId=com.companyname.bank 
-DartifactId=consumerBanking 
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart 
-DinteractiveMode=false


 参考自:http://www.tutorialspoint.com/maven/maven_quick_guide.htm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

posted on 2013-10-15 08:57  you Richer  阅读(203)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报