Matlab与C/C++联合编程之Matlab以MEX方式调用C/C++代码（三）
最近写了个Matlab程序，好慢呐……所以开始学习Matlab与C/C++混合编程。下面写了个测试代码，显示一个Double类型矩阵中的元素。
源代码
#include "mex.h"
void displaySubscript( const mxArray *pArray, mwSize index );
// 入口函数
void mexFunction( int nlhs, mxArray *plhs[], int nrhs, const mxArray *prhs[] ) {
// 源文件名后缀为.c时，所有变量声明必须一次性完成，且放在最前面, 否则mex编译错误
// 源文件名后缀为.cpp时，没有上面的问题，...- -||
double *pData;
mwSize i;
// 输入参数必须为一个，且为double类型
if ( nrhs != 1 || mxDOUBLE_CLASS != mxGetClassID(prhs[0]) ) {
mexErrMsgTxt( "输入参数不合法……" );
}
// 获取数据指针
pData = mxGetPr(prhs[0]);
// 遍历所有元素并打印到屏幕
for ( i = 0; i != mxGetNumberOfElements(prhs[0]); i++ ) {
displaySubscript( prhs[0], i );
mexPrintf( " = %g/n", pData[i] );
}
}
void displaySubscript( const mxArray *pArray, mwSize index ) {
// 源文件名后缀为.c时，所有变量声明必须一次性完成，且放在最前面, 否则mex编译错误
// 源文件名后缀为.cpp时，没有上面的问题，...- -||，代码好龊...
mwSize i, j;
mwSize numOfDim;
mwSize *subScript;
mwSize subIndex;
mwSize total;
const mwSize *Dims;
const char *className;
// 获取维度个数
numOfDim = mxGetNumberOfDimensions(pArray);
// 获取维度数组
Dims = mxGetDimensions(pArray);
// 获取类型名称
className = mxGetClassName(pArray);
// 分配下标数组内存
subScript = (mwSize *)mxCalloc( numOfDim, sizeof( mwSize ) );
// 根据当前的索引号生成下标
subIndex = index;
for ( i = numOfDim - 1; ; i-- ) {
total = 1;
for ( j = 0; j < i; j++ ) {
total *= Dims[j];
}
subScript[i] = subIndex / total;
subIndex = subIndex % total;
if ( 0 == i ) {
break;
}
}
// 打印出所有下标
mexPrintf( "(" );
for ( i = 0; i < numOfDim - 1; i++ ) {
mexPrintf( "%d,", subScript[i] + 1 );
}
mexPrintf( "%d)", subScript[numOfDim-1] + 1 );
// 释放下标数组内存
mxFree( subScript );
}
在Matlab使用mex命令编译源文件时，要注意这样一个现象：源文件名后缀为.c时，所有变量声明必须一次性完成，且放在最前面, 否则mex编译错误；而源文件名后缀为.cpp时，就没有上面的问题，...- -||。
实验结果
混合编程API一览
MX Matrix Library
|
mwIndex (C and Fortran) |
Type for index values |
|
mwPointer (Fortran) |
Pointer type for platform |
|
mwSignedIndex (C and Fortran) |
Signed integer type for size values |
|
mwSize (C and Fortran) |
Type for size values |
|
mxAddField (C and Fortran) |
Field to structure array |
|
mxArray (C and Fortran) |
Type for MATLAB array |
|
mxArrayToString (C) |
Convert array to string |
|
mxAssert (C) |
Check assertion value for debugging purposes |
|
mxAssertS (C) |
Check assertion value without printing assertion text |
|
mxCalcSingleSubscript (C and Fortran) |
Offset from first element to desired element |
|
mxCalloc (C and Fortran) |
Allocate dynamic memory for array using MATLAB memory manager |
|
mxChar (C) |
Type for string array |
|
mxClassID (C) |
Enumerated value identifying class of array |
|
mxClassIDFromClassName (Fortran) |
Identifier corresponding to class |
|
mxComplexity (C) |
Flag specifying whether array has imaginary components |
|
mxCopyCharacterToPtr (Fortran) |
CHARACTER values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyComplex16ToPtr (Fortran) |
COMPLEX*16 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyComplex8ToPtr (Fortran) |
COMPLEX*8 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyInteger1ToPtr (Fortran) |
INTEGER*1 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyInteger2ToPtr (Fortran) |
INTEGER*2 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyInteger4ToPtr (Fortran) |
INTEGER*4 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyPtrToCharacter (Fortran) |
CHARACTER values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToComplex16 (Fortran) |
COMPLEX*16 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToComplex8 (Fortran) |
COMPLEX*8 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToInteger1 (Fortran) |
INTEGER*1 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToInteger2 (Fortran) |
INTEGER*2 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToInteger4 (Fortran) |
INTEGER*4 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToPtrArray (Fortran) |
Pointer values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToReal4 (Fortran) |
REAL*4 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyPtrToReal8 (Fortran) |
REAL*8 values from pointer array to Fortran array |
|
mxCopyReal4ToPtr (Fortran) |
REAL*4 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCopyReal8ToPtr (Fortran) |
REAL*8 values from Fortran array to pointer array |
|
mxCreateCellArray (C and Fortran) |
Unpopulated N-D cell array |
|
mxCreateCellMatrix (C and Fortran) |
Unpopulated 2-D cell array |
|
mxCreateCharArray (C and Fortran) |
Unpopulated N-D string array |
|
mxCreateCharMatrixFromStrings (C and Fortran) |
Create populated 2-D string array |
|
mxCreateDoubleMatrix (C and Fortran) |
2-D, double-precision, floating-point array initialized to 0 |
|
mxCreateDoubleScalar (C and Fortran) |
Scalar, double-precision array initialized to specified value |
|
mxCreateLogicalArray (C) |
N-D logical array initialized to false |
|
mxCreateLogicalMatrix (C) |
2-D, logical array initialized to false |
|
mxCreateLogicalScalar (C) |
Scalar, logical array |
|
mxCreateNumericArray (C and Fortran) |
Unpopulated N-D numeric array |
|
mxCreateNumericMatrix (C and Fortran) |
Numeric matrix initialized to 0 |
|
mxCreateSparse (C and Fortran) |
2-D unpopulated sparse array |
|
mxCreateSparseLogicalMatrix (C) |
Unpopulated 2-D, sparse, logical array |
|
mxCreateString (C and Fortran) |
Create 1-by-N array initialized to specified string |
|
mxCreateStructArray (C and Fortran) |
Unpopulated N-D structure array |
|
mxCreateStructMatrix (C and Fortran) |
Unpopulated 2-D structure array |
|
mxDestroyArray (C and Fortran) |
Free dynamic memory allocated by MXCREATE* functions |
|
mxDuplicateArray (C and Fortran) |
Make deep copy of array |
|
mxFree (C and Fortran) |
Free dynamic memory allocated by MXCALLOC, MXMALLOC, or MXREALLOC functions |
|
mxGetCell (C and Fortran) |
Contents of array cell |
|
mxGetChars (C) |
Pointer to character array data |
|
mxGetClassID (C and Fortran) |
Class of array |
|
mxGetClassName (C and Fortran) |
Class of array as string |
|
mxGetData (C and Fortran) |
Pointer to real data |
|
mxGetDimensions (C and Fortran) |
Pointer to dimensions array |
|
mxGetElementSize (C and Fortran) |
Number of bytes required to store each data element |
|
mxGetEps (C and Fortran) |
Value of EPS |
|
mxGetField (C and Fortran) |
Field value, given field name and index, into structure array |
|
mxGetFieldByNumber (C and Fortran) |
Field value, given field number and index, into structure array |
|
mxGetFieldNameByNumber (C and Fortran) |
Field name, given field number, in structure array |
|
mxGetFieldNumber (C and Fortran) |
Field number, given field name, in structure array |
|
mxGetImagData (C and Fortran) |
Pointer to imaginary data of array |
|
mxGetInf (C and Fortran) |
Value of infinity |
|
mxGetIr (C and Fortran) |
Sparse matrix IR array |
|
mxGetJc (C and Fortran) |
Sparse matrix JC array |
|
mxGetLogicals (C) |
Pointer to logical array data |
|
mxGetM (C and Fortran) |
Number of rows in array |
|
mxGetN (C and Fortran) |
Number of columns in array |
|
mxGetNaN (C and Fortran) |
Value of NaN (Not-a-Number) |
|
mxGetNumberOfDimensions (C and Fortran) |
Number of dimensions in array |
|
mxGetNumberOfElements (C and Fortran) |
Number of elements in array |
|
mxGetNumberOfFields (C and Fortran) |
Number of fields in structure array |
|
mxGetNzmax (C and Fortran) |
Number of elements in IR, PR, and PI arrays |
|
mxGetPi (C and Fortran) |
Imaginary data elements in array of type DOUBLE |
|
mxGetPr (C and Fortran) |
Real data elements in array of type DOUBLE |
|
mxGetProperty (C and Fortran) |
Value of public property of MATLAB object |
|
mxGetScalar (C and Fortran) |
Real component of first data element in array |
|
mxGetString (C and Fortran) |
String array to C-style string |
|
mxIsCell (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is cell array |
|
mxIsChar (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is string array |
|
mxIsClass (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array is member of specified class |
|
mxIsComplex (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether data is complex |
|
mxIsDouble (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether mxArray represents data as double-precision, floating-point numbers |
|
mxIsEmpty (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array is empty |
|
mxIsFinite (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is finite |
|
mxIsFromGlobalWS (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array was copied from MATLAB global workspace |
|
mxIsInf (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is infinite |
|
mxIsInt16 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as signed 16-bit integers |
|
mxIsInt32 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as signed 32-bit integers |
|
mxIsInt64 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as signed 64-bit integers |
|
mxIsInt8 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as signed 8-bit integers |
|
mxIsLogical (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array is of type mxLogical |
|
mxIsLogicalScalar (C) |
Determine whether scalar array is of type mxLogical |
|
mxIsLogicalScalarTrue (C) |
Determine whether scalar array of type mxLogical is true |
|
mxIsNaN (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is NaN (Not-a-Number) |
|
mxIsNumeric (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array is numeric |
|
mxIsSingle (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as single-precision, floating-point numbers |
|
mxIsSparse (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is sparse array |
|
mxIsStruct (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether input is structure array |
|
mxIsUint16 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 16-bit integers |
|
mxIsUint32 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 32-bit integers |
|
mxIsUint64 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 64-bit integers |
|
mxIsUint8 (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 8-bit integers |
|
mxLogical (C) |
Type for logical array |
|
mxMalloc (C and Fortran) |
Allocate dynamic memory using MATLAB memory manager |
|
mxRealloc (C and Fortran) |
Reallocate dynamic memory using MATLAB memory manager |
|
mxRemoveField (C and Fortran) |
Remove field from structure array |
|
mxSetCell (C and Fortran) |
Value of one cell of array |
|
mxSetClassName (C) |
Convert structure array to MATLAB object array |
|
mxSetData (C and Fortran) |
Set pointer to data |
|
mxSetDimensions (C and Fortran) |
Modify number of dimensions and size of each dimension |
|
mxSetField (C and Fortran) |
Set structure array field, given structure field name and array index |
|
mxSetFieldByNumber (C and Fortran) |
Set structure array field, given field number and index |
|
mxSetImagData (C and Fortran) |
Imaginary data pointer for array |
|
mxSetIr (C and Fortran) |
IR array of sparse array |
|
mxSetJc (C and Fortran) |
JC array of sparse array |
|
mxSetM (C and Fortran) |
Number of rows in array |
|
mxSetN (C and Fortran) |
Set number of columns in array |
|
mxSetNzmax (C and Fortran) |
Set storage space for nonzero elements |
|
mxSetPi (C and Fortran) |
Set new imaginary data for array |
|
mxSetPr (C and Fortran) |
Set new real data for array |
|
mxSetProperty (C and Fortran) |
Set value of public property of MATLAB object |
MEX Library
|
mexAtExit (C and Fortran) |
Register function to call when MEX-function cleared or MATLAB software terminates |
|
mexCallMATLAB (C and Fortran) |
Call MATLAB function, user-defined function, or MEX-file |
|
mexCallMATLABWithTrap (C and Fortran) |
Call MATLAB function, user-defined function, or MEX-file and capture error information |
|
mexErrMsgIdAndTxt (C and Fortran) |
Display error message with identifier and return to MATLAB prompt |
|
mexErrMsgTxt (C and Fortran) |
Display error message and return to MATLAB prompt |
|
mexEvalString (C and Fortran) |
Execute MATLAB command in caller workspace |
|
mexEvalStringWithTrap (C and Fortran) |
Execute MATLAB command in caller workspace and capture error information |
|
mexFunction (C and Fortran) |
Entry point to C/C++ or Fortran MEX-file |
|
mexFunctionName (C and Fortran) |
Name of current MEX-function |
|
mexGet (C) |
Value of specified Handle Graphics property |
|
mexGetVariable (C and Fortran) |
Copy of variable from specified workspace |
|
mexGetVariablePtr (C and Fortran) |
Read-only pointer to variable from another workspace |
|
mexIsGlobal (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether variable has global scope |
|
mexIsLocked (C and Fortran) |
Determine whether MEX-file is locked |
|
mexLock (C and Fortran) |
Prevent clearing MEX-file from memory |
|
mexMakeArrayPersistent (C and Fortran) |
Make array persist after MEX-file completes |
|
mexMakeMemoryPersistent (C and Fortran) |
Make memory allocated by MATLAB software persist after MEX-function completes |
|
mexPrintf (C and Fortran) |
ANSI C PRINTF-style output routine |
|
mexPutVariable (C and Fortran) |
Array from MEX-function into specified workspace |
|
mexSet (C) |
Set value of specified Handle Graphics property |
|
mexSetTrapFlag (C and Fortran) |
Control response of MEXCALLMATLAB to errors |
|
mexUnlock (C and Fortran) |
Allow clearing MEX-file from memory |
|
mexWarnMsgIdAndTxt (C and Fortran) |
Warning message with identifier |
|
mexWarnMsgTxt (C and Fortran) |
Warning message
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