Django中的元类-乾颐堂

看Django（1.6）的Form相关源代码时比较迷惑，于是节选了django.forms.forms.py中的几个代码片段来分析Django中是怎么使用元类的：

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def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):     """Create a base class with a metaclass."""     return meta("NewBase", bases, {})    class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(type):     def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):         print('cls: %s, name: %s, bases: %s ,attrs: %s\n' % (cls, name, bases, attrs))            new_class = super(DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs) #        new_class._meta = '123'         return new_class    class BaseForm(object):     pass    class Form(with_metaclass(DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass, BaseForm)):     pass        class MyForm(Form):     a = 1     b = 2

 加载上面的Python模块，控制台会输出：

cls: <class '__main__.DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass'>, name: NewBase, bases: (<class '__main__.BaseForm'>,), attrs: {}

cls: <class '__main__.DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass'>, name: Form, bases: (<class '__main__.NewBase'>,), attrs: {'__module__': '__main__'}

cls: <class '__main__.DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass'>, name: MyForm, bases: (<class '__main__.Form'>,), attrs: {'a': 1, '__module__': '__main__', 'b': 2}

 

    虽然没有直接在代码中为MyForm指定metaclass，但由于MyForm继承自Form，而Form继承自DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass生成的类名为"NewBase"的类，所以DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass实际上就是MyForm的metaclass。

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