expdp数据泵在生产环境下的一些常用场景
---------------命令参数说明---------------
expdp help=y
说明:oracle10g不支持compression=all压缩;只支持元数据压缩;11g支持各种压缩;
参数:
content:all(所有,默认)/data_only(数据)/metadate_only(元数据);
estimate:计算expdp导出文件的大小;blocks基于数据库块大小的倍数计算备份文件大小;statistics使用当前对象的统计量来计算大小;
estimate_only:Y/N;在expdp没有实际导出时,估算导出文件大小;
exclude:排除不需要导出的特定对象;与INCLUDE选项不能一起使用;
filesize:导出文件的最大尺寸,默认值为0(没有限制);
flashback_scn:该选项导出特定时刻的表数据;
flashback_time:该选项用于导出特定时间点的表数据;FLASHBACK_TIME="TO_TIMESTAMP(time-value)";
full:是否导出整个数据库对象,Y导出全库;
include:要导出的特定对象;
job_name:为方便管理expdp作业设置当前作业的名字;默认格式为sys_operation_mode_nn,如:sys_export_schema_01;
newwork_link:该选项指定数据库链名,将远程数据库导出到本地的转储文件中(对象表不支持远程导出);
parallel:设置并行;
query:使用sql过滤导出的数据;
schemas:导出的数据对象,如果有多个,用逗号分开,如果登录的用户不是导出数据的模式,则用户需要有exp_full_database的权限;
status:在给定的时间间隔内给出作业的状态,默认为0(秒);
tables:导出表;
tablespaces:导出表空间;
version:说明要导出的数据库对象到特定版本的数据库;解决从高版本迁移到低版本的兼容问题;
nologfile:设置为Y,该选项指定禁止生成导出日志文件,不记录导出过程;
----------------创建逻辑目录及授权---------------
select * from dba_directories;
create or replace directory expdmp as '/expfile';
grant read,write on directory expdmp to username;
---------------只计算导出所需要的空间---------------
expdp system/pwd full=y estimate_only=y estimate=statistics nologfile=y
---------------导出导入全库数据---------------
注:
目标库需要建立相关表空间;并且,需要和源库临时表空间名字一致,否则报错;目标库不需要建立源库相关用户;
expdp system/pwd directory=fulldmp dumpfile=fulldb_%u.dmp nologfile=y full=y parallel=4 cluster=no ----rac环境要加cluster=no
impdp system/pwd directory=fulldmp dumpfile=fulldb_%u.dmp full=Y parallel=4 logfile=fulldb.log transform=OID:N
---------------全库导出定时脚本设置---------------
00 21 1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28 * * /home/oracle/expfulldb.sh --每3天导出
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=fulldb_$(date +%Y%m%d).dmp logfile=fulldb_$(date +%Y%m%d).log full=y
---------------复杂口令导出全库命令---------------
expdp 'system/"Jrwwg#@!2020"' directory=expdmp dumpfile=fulldb_20210115.dmp logfile=fulldb_20210115.log full=y
---------------如果数据量比较大,可以设置备份的数据文件大小---------------
expdp system/pwd directory=fulldmp dumpfile=full_%u.dmp filesize=2000m nologfile=y parallel=4 job_name=pdfull full=y
---------------只导出数据库的元数据(即表及其他数据库对象的定义)---------------
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=fulldb_metadataonly_%u.dmp filesize=200m full=y content=metadata_only logfile=fulldb_metadataonly.log
---------------只导出数据库的数据(即表的数据行)---------------
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=fulldb_dataonly_%u.dmp filesize=200m full=y content=data_only logfile=fulldb_dataonly.log
----------------单表导出导入---------------
expdp UCR_CRM3/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=crm3.dmp logfile=crm3.log tables=tablename
impdp UCR_CRM3/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=crm3.dmp logfile=crm3.log tables=tablename
---------------多表导出导入---------------
expdp etl/pwd directory=etlfulldb dumpfile=df.dmp logfile=dt.log tables=df_connpara,df_flowpara,df_graphedge
impdp etl/pwd directory=etlfulldb dumpfile=df.dmp logfile=dt.log tables=df_connpara,df_flowpara,df_graphedge table_exists_action=append
----------------表空间导出导入---------------
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=tbs_%u.dmp logfile=tbs.log tablespaces=tbs1,tbs2,tbs3 filesize=2000m parallel=4
---------------导出用户的元数据---------------
expdp 'system/"Du_nc3#6gVr2#10A"' directory=expdmp2 dumpfile=acct_mata.dmp schemas=acct logfile=acct_mata.log content=metadata_only
---------------通过system来导出用户数据(不需要各用户的口令)---------------
expdp system/pwd directory=ppmpfulldb dumpfile=ppmp2.dmp schemas=ppmp2
expdp system/pwd directory=gsdmdmp dumpfile=ggi_%U.dmp logfile=g_gi.log schemas=g_gi cluster=no parallel=4 compression=all
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=triber%U.dmp logfile=triber.log schemas=triber parallel=4 compression=all
impdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=triber%U.dmp logfile=triber.log schemas=triber parallel=4 transform=OID:N
---------------通过用户来导出用户数据---------------
expdp 'rms_work/"abc,123"' directory=expdmp dumpfile=rmswork_%U.dmp logfile=rmswork.log schemas=rms_work cluster=no parallel=20 compression=all
expdp cpn/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=cpn_%U.dmp logfile=cpn.log schemas=cpn cluster=no parallel=4 compression=all
impdp rms_mos/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=rmsmos_%U.dmp logfile=rmsmos.log schemas=rms_mos transform=OID:N parallel=4
---------------导出RMS用户,排除RES_INTERFACE_HIS表(包含lob字段),开12个并行---------------
expdp rms/pwd directory=expdmp2 dumpfile=rms_%U.dmp logfile=rms.log schemas=rms exclude=table:"in('RES_INTERFACE_HIS')" cluster=no parallel=12 compression=all
---------------导出CPN用户,排除索引,排除VIEW,排除统计信息---------------
expdp cpn/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=cpn_%U.dmp logfile=cpn.log schemas=cpn exclude=index cluster=no parallel=4 compression=all
expdp cpn/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=cpn_%U.dmp logfile=cpn.log schemas=cpn exclude=view cluster=no parallel=4 compression=all
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=cpn.dmp logfile=cpn.log schemas=cpn exclude=STATISTICS
---------------导出用户,排除表,排除dblink---------------
expdp system/pwd directory=expdmp dumpfile=*_%U.dmp schemas=username exclude=table:"IN('BIG_TABLE1','BIG_HIS_TAB1') exclude=DB_LINK logfile=.log cluster=no parallel=12 compression=all
---------------导出导入指定用户的部分表---------------
vi expdwatable.par
userid=system/"Ts6ArvH%3t9#FcjX"
directory=expdmp2
dumpfile=dwa_%u.dmp
tables=DWA.TF_F_GSM_USER,DWA.DWA_TO_GJ_SMZ,DWA.GJ_TYPE_CODE,DWA.GJ_CODE,DWA.GJ_SMZ
logfile=dwa.log
parallel=4
exclude=(index,statistics,grant,constraint,comment)
expdp parfile=expdwatable.par
上传dmp文件到目标库,然后导入:
impdp system/"Ts6ArvH%3t9#FcjX" directory=expnew dumpfile=dwa_%u.dmp full=y logfile=dwa.log table_exists_action=replace parallel=4 cluster=no
---------------导出导入指定用户的部分存储过程---------------
vi expdwaproc.par
userid=system/"Ts6ArvH%3t9#FcjX"
directory=expdmp2
schemas=DWA
dumpfile=dwaproc.dmp
include=procedure:"IN('P_DWA_TO_GJ_SMZ_HOUR','P_DWA_5G_TD_USER','P_TF_F_USER_5G_TRANS_HOUR_T1','P_TF_F_USER_5G_TRANS_HOUR')"
logfile=dwaproc.log
expdp parfile=expdwaproc.par
上传dmp文件到目标库,然后导入:
impdp system/"Ts6ArvH%3t9#FcjX" directory=expnew dumpfile=dwaproc.dmp logfile=dwaproc.log schemas='DWA' cluster=no
---------------写成参数文件进行导出----导出指定的表数据:
cat exp6.par
directory=EXPDMP
schemas=RMS_DT_OGG
dumpfile=exp6.dmp
include=table:"in('SPC_STATION','SPC_ROOM','RME_SHELF','RME_SLOT','RME_CARD','RME_SLOT_CARD')"
logfile=exp6.log
expdp RMS_DT_OGG/PT37_hAf4E parfile=exp6.par
---------------高版本向低版本导出数据(12c导入11g),要根据初始参数COMPATIBLE的设置制定oracle版本号---------------
expdp system/pwd dumpfile=exppump.dmp nologfile=Y version=11.2.0.2.0(version=11.1.0.6.0)
---------------通过DBLINK导出用户数据---------------
expdp system/manager1#20A network_link=cpnzyora directory=zyoradmp dumpfile=cpn.dmp logfile=cpn.log schemas=cpn cluster=no parallel=4
expdp system/manager1#20A network_link=cpnzyora directory=zyoradmp dumpfile=cpn2.dmp logfile=cpn2.log tables=CPN.HO_ATTACHMENTS
---------------导出特定时刻的表数据---------------
expdp scott/tiger directory=expdmp dumpfile=a.dmp flashback_scn=385823
---------------导出特定时间点的表数据---FLASHBACK_TIME="TO_TIMESTAMP(time-value)"----------------
expdp scott/tiger directory=expdmp dumpfile=a.dmp FLASHBACK_TIME("TO_TIMESTMP('25-08-2008 14:35:00','DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')
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