Django：数据查询

1.路由配置： urls.py

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from goods.views import GoodsListViewSet
from django.urls import path

# 注册视图
r = DefaultRouter()
r.register('goods', GoodsListViewSet, base_name='goods')

urlpatterns = [
    path('api/v1/', includ(r.urls))
]

2.建立数据库模型： app/models.py

from django.db import models

class Goods(models.Model):
    # verbose_name参数用于在管理后台显示
    # help_text参数用于生成api文档时显示
    name = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name='商品名称', help_text='商品名称')
    shop_price = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='本店价格', help_text='本店价格')
    goods_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='库存数', help_text='库存数')
    goods_desc = RichTextUploadingField(verbose_name='详情描述', help_text='详情描述')
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='添加时间')

    class Meta:
        # 自定义表名称
        db_table='goods'
        # 表字段排序
        ordering = ('add_time',)
    

3.数据库更新

　　检查更新：python manage.py makemigrations

　　数据库同步： python manage.py migrate

4.创建序列化器： app/serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Goods

class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        # 使用写好的数据库模型
        model = Goods
        # 过滤要返回的字段
        fields = ('id', 'name', 'shop_price', 'goods_num', 'goods_desc')

5.创建视图类：app/views.py

from rest_framework import mixins, viewsets
from .serializers import GoodsSerializer
from .models import Goods

class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    # 获取所有的商品信息
    queryset = Goods.objects.all()
    serializer_class = GoodsSerializer

6.在数据表中插入测试数据

7.启动服务，查看结果