GRANT Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)

Grants permissions on a server.

Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions

Syntax

 

 

 

GRANT permission [ ,...n ] 
    TO <grantee_principal> [ ,...n ] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
    [ AS <grantor_principal> ]

<grantee_principal> ::= SQL_Server_login 
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key
    | server_role 

<grantor_principal> ::= SQL_Server_login 
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key
    | server_role

Arguments

 

permission

Specifies a permission that can be granted on a server. For a list of the permissions, see the Remarks section later in this topic.

TO <grantee_principal>

Specifies the principal to which the permission is being granted.

AS <grantor_principal>

Specifies the principal from which the principal executing this query derives its right to grant the permission.

WITH GRANT OPTION

Indicates that the principal will also be given the ability to grant the specified permission to other principals.

SQL_Server_login

Specifies a SQL Server login.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login

Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a Windows login.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group

Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a Windows group.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate

Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a certificate.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key

Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to an asymmetric key.

server_role

Specifies a user-defined server role.

Remarks

 

Permissions at the server scope can be granted only when the current database is master.

Information about server permissions can be viewed in the sys.server_permissions catalog view, and information about server principals can be viewed in the sys.server_principals catalog view. Information about membership of server roles can be viewd in the sys.server_role_members catalog view.

A server is the highest level of the permissions hierarchy. The most specific and limited permissions that can be granted on a server are listed in the following table.

 

Server permission	Implied by server permission
ADMINISTER BULK OPERATIONS	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY AVAILABILITY GROUP	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY CONNECTION	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY CREDENTIAL	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY DATABASE	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY ENDPOINT	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY EVENT SESSION	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY LINKED SERVER	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY LOGIN	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY SERVER AUDIT	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY SERVER ROLE	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER RESOURCES	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER SERVER STATE	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER SETTINGS	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER TRACE	CONTROL SERVER
AUTHENTICATE SERVER	CONTROL SERVER
CONNECT SQL	CONTROL SERVER
CONTROL SERVER	CONTROL SERVER
CREATE ANY DATABASE	ALTER ANY DATABASE
CREATE AVAILABILITY GROUP	ALTER ANY AVAILABILITY GROUP
CREATE DDL EVENT NOTIFICATION	ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION
CREATE ENDPOINT	ALTER ANY ENDPOINT
CREATE SERVER ROLE	ALTER ANY SERVER ROLE
CREATE TRACE EVENT NOTIFICATION	ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION
EXTERNAL ACCESS ASSEMBLY	CONTROL SERVER
SHUTDOWN	CONTROL SERVER
UNSAFE ASSEMBLY	CONTROL SERVER
VIEW ANY DATABASE	VIEW ANY DEFINITION
VIEW ANY DEFINITION	CONTROL SERVER
VIEW SERVER STATE	ALTER SERVER STATE

Permissions

 

The grantor (or the principal specified with the AS option) must have either the permission itself with GRANT OPTION or a higher permission that implies the permission being granted. Members of the sysadmin fixed server role can grant any permission.

Examples

 

A. Granting a permission to a login

The following example grants CONTROL SERVER permission to the SQL Server login TerryEminhizer.

 

 

USE master;
GRANT CONTROL SERVER TO TerryEminhizer;
GO

B. Granting a permission that has GRANT permission

The following example grants ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION to SQL Server login JanethEsteves with the right to grant that permission to another login.

 

 

USE master;
GRANT ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION TO JanethEsteves WITH GRANT OPTION;
GO

C. Granting a permission to a server role

The following example creates two server roles named ITDevAdmin and ITDevelopers. It grants the ALTER ANY DATABASE permission to the ITDevAdmin user-defined server role including the WITH GRANT option so that the ITDevAdmin server role can reassign the ALTER ANY DATABASE permission. Then, the example grants the ITDevelopers the permission to use the ALTER ANY DATABASE permission of the ITDevAdmin server role.

 

 

USE master;
CREATE SERVER ROLE ITDevAdmin ;
CREATE SERVER ROLE ITDevelopers ;
GRANT ALTER ANY DATABASE TO ITDevAdmin WITH GRANT OPTION ;
GRANT ALTER ANY DATABASE TO ITDevelopers AS ITDevAdmin ;
GO

See Also

 

Reference

GRANT (Transact-SQL)

DENY (Transact-SQL)

DENY Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)

REVOKE Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)

sys.fn_builtin_permissions (Transact-SQL)

sys.fn_my_permissions (Transact-SQL)

HAS_PERMS_BY_NAME (Transact-SQL)

Concepts

Permissions Hierarchy (Database Engine)

Principals (Database Engine)

Permissions (Database Engine)