UGUI搭建界面功能 (一) 提供接口

基本类：

1.UIType 存放UI的枚举，枚举的类型与UI预制体的名字要相同;

2.Singleton 封装一个单例的父类，所有只要继承了这个类的脚本就是单例;

3.SingletonUI UI单例的父类，同时这个类继承于Singleton;

4.UIEventListener 这个类继承MonoBehaviour，用于监听点击、拖拽等功能

5.BaseUI UI的父类，所有UI界面的UI脚本都要继承这个类;

6.UIManager UI管理类

7.GameManager 游戏管理类

-----------------------------------接下来！---------------------上代码！------------------------------------

1.UIType

/// <summary>
/// UI的枚举 放UI预制体的名字
/// </summary>
public enum UIType 
{
    None,
    LoginUI,
    MainUI,
    SetUI,
    SetUI2,
}

（枚举的内容根据实际情况而定）

2.Singleton（注意引用）

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System;

/// <summary>
/// 单例的父类 所有单例继承
/// </summary>
public class Singleton <T> 
{
    //反射
    private static T _instance = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();// 相当于 new T();

    public static T Instance
    {
        get
        {
            //在这里可以直接return 因为在前面已经创建了，所以不会出现null的情况
            return _instance;
        }
    }
}

（因为这个类不继承MonoBehaviour，所以不能直接通过new创建出来，要通过反射创建出来）

3.UIEventListener

 1 using System.Collections;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using UnityEngine;
 4 using UnityEngine.UI;
 5 using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
 6 using System;
 7 
 8 /// <summary>
 9 /// 监听游戏物体点击、拖拽等功能的组件
10 /// </summary>
11 public class UIEventListener : MonoBehaviour,IPointerExitHandler,IPointerEnterHandler,IPointerClickHandler, IPointerDownHandler, IPointerUpHandler,IBeginDragHandler, IEndDragHandler,IDragHandler
12 {
13     //相应的委托
14     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onClick;
15     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onDown;
16     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onEnter;
17     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onExit;
18     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onUp;
19     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onBeginDrag;
20     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onDrag;
21     public Action<GameObject, PointerEventData> onEndDrag;
22 
23     public static UIEventListener Get(GameObject go)
24     {
25         UIEventListener evt = go.GetComponent<UIEventListener>();//得到这个组建
26         if (evt == null)//判断是否为空
27         {
28             evt = go.AddComponent<UIEventListener>();//不存在就添加
29         }
30         return evt;
31     }
32 
33     //实现接口
34     public void OnBeginDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
35     {
36         if (onBeginDrag != null)//判断如果不为空，就执行委托
37         {
38             onBeginDrag(gameObject, eventData);
39         }
40     }
41 
42     public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
43     {
44         if (onDrag != null)
45         {
46             onDrag(gameObject, eventData);
47         }
48     }
49 
50     public void OnEndDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
51     {
52         if (onEndDrag != null)
53         {
54             onEndDrag(gameObject, eventData);
55         }
56     }
57 
58     public void OnPointerClick(PointerEventData eventData)
59     {
60 
61         if (onClick != null)
62         {
63             onClick(gameObject, eventData);
64         }
65     }
66 
67     public void OnPointerDown(PointerEventData eventData)
68     {
69         if (onDown != null)
70         {
71             onDown(gameObject, eventData);
72         }
73     }
74 
75     public void OnPointerEnter(PointerEventData eventData)
76     {
77         if (onEnter != null)
78         {
79             onEnter(gameObject, eventData);
80         }
81     }
82 
83     public void OnPointerExit(PointerEventData eventData)
84     {
85         if (onExit != null)
86         {
87             onExit(gameObject, eventData);
88         }
89     }
90 
91     public void OnPointerUp(PointerEventData eventData)
92     {
93         if (onUp != null)
94         {
95             onUp(gameObject, eventData);
96         }
97     }
98 }

（后续需要其他功能可以继续封装，注意继承一个就要写一个接口和一个委托）

4.BaseUI

  1 using System.Collections;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using UnityEngine;
  4 using UnityEngine.UI;
  5 
  6 /// <summary>
  7 /// UI的父类
  8 /// </summary>
  9 public class BaseUI 
 10 {
 11     private GameObject m_go;//对应要操作的游戏物体
 12 
 13     private Canvas m_canvas;//挂载的画布
 14 
 15     private bool m_done;//用来判断是否加载完成
 16 
 17     private bool m_isShow;//判断是否显示UI
 18 
 19     protected int m_sort_order;//界面显示的层
 20 
 21     private Dictionary<string, GameObject> m_cache_gos;//缓存池 存储已经获取过的游戏物体
 22 
 23     //下面是属性
 24     public virtual string uiName
 25     {
 26         get
 27         {
 28             return UIType.None.ToString();
 29         }
 30     }
 31 
 32     public bool IsShow
 33     {
 34         get
 35         {
 36             return m_isShow;
 37         }
 38         set
 39         {
 40             m_isShow = value;
 41         }
 42     }
 43 
 44     public bool IsDone
 45     {
 46         get
 47         {
 48             return m_done;
 49         }
 50         set
 51         {
 52             m_done = value;
 53         }
 54     }
 55 
 56 
 57     /// <summary>
 58     /// 关闭界面
 59     /// </summary>
 60     public virtual void Close()
 61     {
 62         IsShow = false;
 63         IsDone = false;
 64         m_canvas = null;
 65         m_cache_gos.Clear();
 66 
 67         //将注册的事件清空
 68         UIEventListener[] evts = m_go.GetComponentsInChildren<UIEventListener>();
 69         for (int i = 0; i < evts.Length; i++)
 70         {
 71             evts[i].onClick = null;
 72             evts[i].onDown = null;
 73             evts[i].onDrag = null;
 74             evts[i].onBeginDrag = null;
 75             evts[i].onEnter = null;
 76             evts[i].onEndDrag = null;
 77             evts[i].onExit = null;
 78             evts[i].onUp = null;
 79         }
 80 
 81         //删除游戏物体
 82         GameObject.Destroy(m_go);
 83         m_go = null;
 84         //从列表中移除
 85         UIManager.Instance.RemoveUI(this);
 86     }
 87 
 88     /// <summary>
 89     /// 显示界面
 90     /// </summary>
 91     public virtual void Show()
 92     {
 93         IsShow = true;
 94         if (m_canvas != null)
 95         {
 96             m_canvas.enabled = true;
 97         }
 98     }
 99 
100     /// <summary>
101     /// 隐藏界面
102     /// </summary>
103     public virtual void Hide()
104     {
105         IsShow = false;
106         if (m_canvas != null)
107         {
108             m_canvas.enabled = false;
109         }
110     }
111 
112 
113     public virtual void OnUpdate(float dt)
114     {
115         //判断没有初始化完或者是没有显示的时候就不能执行这个方法
116         if (IsShow == false || IsDone == false)
117         {
118             return;
119         }
120     }
121 
122     //相当于Awake()
123     public virtual void Init()
124     {
125         //这个要在子类重写，所以这里不用写
126     }
127 
128     /// <summary>
129     /// 加载游戏物体
130     /// </summary>
131     /// <param name="go">要加载的物体</param>
132     public void OnLoad(GameObject go)
133     {
134         IsShow = true;//加载之后默认显示
135         m_go = go;
136         m_cache_gos = new Dictionary<string, GameObject>();//实例化缓存池
137 
138         //找到自己身上的一个画布Canvas 用来做显示与否
139         m_canvas = Find<Canvas>(m_go);
140         if (m_canvas == null)
141         {
142             m_canvas = m_go.AddComponent<Canvas>();
143         }
144         m_canvas.overrideSorting = true;//设置层级
145 
146         m_canvas.sortingOrder = m_sort_order;//设置显示层级
147 
148         //添加UI射线检测的组建 因为加上画布之后如果没有这个就点击不了
149         if (m_go.GetComponent<GraphicRaycaster>() == null)
150         {
151             m_go.AddComponent<GraphicRaycaster>();
152         }
153 
154         //调用初始化的方法
155         Init();
156         IsDone = true;//加载完成
157 
158         Show();
159     }
160 
161     /// <summary>
162     /// 找游戏物体
163     /// </summary>
164     /// <param name="name">传入要找的物体的名字</param>
165     /// <returns></returns>
166     public GameObject Find(string name)
167     {
168         if (m_cache_gos.ContainsKey(name))//先用键判断字典里面有木有
169         {
170             return m_cache_gos[name];//有就返回出来
171         }
172 
173         GameObject o = m_go.transform.Find(name).gameObject;//没有就找
174         m_cache_gos.Add(name, o);//再传进来
175         return o;
176 
177     }
178 
179     /// <summary>
180     /// 传入物体，找这个物体身上的组建
181     /// </summary>
182     /// <typeparam name="T">要找到的组建</typeparam>
183     /// <param name="go">传入的物体</param>
184     /// <returns></returns>
185     public T Find<T>(GameObject go)where T : Component
186     {
187         return go.GetComponent<T>();
188     }
189 
190 
191     public T Find<T>(string name)where T : Component
192     {
193         GameObject o = Find(name);
194         return Find<T>(o);
195     }
196 
197 
198     public UIEventListener Register(GameObject go)
199     {
200         return UIEventListener.Get(go);
201     }
202 
203     /// <summary>
204     /// 注册的方法
205     /// </summary>
206     /// <param name="name"></param>
207     /// <returns></returns>
208     public UIEventListener Register(string name)
209     {
210         return UIEventListener.Get(Find(name));
211     }
212 }

5.SingletonUI

 1 using System.Collections;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using UnityEngine;
 4 
 5 /// <summary>
 6 /// UI的单例的父类
 7 /// </summary>
 8 public class SingletonUI<T>:BaseUI where T : BaseUI 
 9 {
10     public static T Instance;
11 
12     //通过构造函数赋值
13     public SingletonUI()
14     {
15         Instance = this as T;
16     }
17 
18     /// <summary>
19     /// 重写父类的方法
20     /// </summary>
21     public override void Close()
22     {
23         base.Close();
24         Instance = null;
25     }
26 }

6.UIManager

  1 using System.Collections;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using UnityEngine;
  4 using System;
  5 
  6 /// <summary>
  7 /// UI管理类 因为Singleton是不挂游戏物体的，所以继承之后不用挂载 直接new出来
  8 /// </summary>
  9 public class UIManager : Singleton<UIManager>
 10 {
 11     private List<BaseUI> m_ui_list;//存储UI对象的集合
 12 
 13     private Transform parentTf;//生成物所在的父级
 14 
 15     public List<BaseUI> uiList//m_ui_list的属性
 16     {
 17         get
 18         {
 19             return m_ui_list;
 20         }
 21     }
 22 
 23     //初始化的方法
 24     public void Init()
 25     {
 26         m_ui_list = new List<BaseUI>();//实力化这个集合
 27         parentTf = GameObject.Find("Canvas").transform;//找到这个画布摄像机当作父级
 28     }
 29 
 30     //相当于Update
 31     public void OnUpdate(float dt)
 32     {
 33         for (int i = m_ui_list.Count-1; i>=0; i--) 
 34         {
 35             m_ui_list[i].OnUpdate(dt);
 36         }
 37     }
 38 
 39     //添加ui到m_ui_list集合里面
 40     public void AddUI(BaseUI ui)
 41     {
 42         //先判断要加进去的ui有没有在集合里面
 43         int index = m_ui_list.IndexOf(ui);
 44         if (index == -1)//如果不存在
 45         {
 46             m_ui_list.Add(ui);
 47         }
 48     }
 49 
 50     //移除m_ui_list集合里面的UI
 51     public void RemoveUI(BaseUI ui)
 52     {
 53         m_ui_list.Remove(ui);
 54     }
 55 
 56     //关闭UI
 57     public void CloseUI(BaseUI ui)
 58     {
 59         ui.Close();
 60     }
 61 
 62     //关闭所有ui
 63     public void CloseAllUI()
 64     {
 65         for (int i = m_ui_list.Count-1; i >=0; i--)
 66         {
 67             m_ui_list[i].Close();
 68         }
 69     }
 70 
 71     //找UI 通过类型
 72     public BaseUI FindUI(UIType type)
 73     {
 74         for (int i = 0; i < m_ui_list.Count; i++)
 75         {
 76             if (m_ui_list[i].uiName == type.ToString())
 77             {
 78                 return m_ui_list[i];
 79             }
 80         }
 81 
 82         return null;
 83     }
 84 
 85     //找UI 通过名字
 86     public BaseUI FindUI(string uiName)
 87     {
 88         for (int i = 0; i < m_ui_list.Count; i++)
 89         {
 90             if (m_ui_list[i].uiName == uiName)
 91             {
 92                 return m_ui_list[i];
 93             }
 94         }
 95 
 96         return null;
 97     }
 98 
 99     //创建UI
100     public BaseUI CreateUI(UIType type)
101     {
102         //要创建的游戏物体
103         GameObject obj = MonoBehaviour.Instantiate(Resources.Load("UI/" + type.ToString()), parentTf, false) as GameObject;
104 
105         BaseUI ui = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(type.ToString())) as BaseUI;//相当于创建的是LoginUI的时候 Login ui =new LoginUI();
106 
107         ui.OnLoad(obj);
108 
109         return ui;
110     }
111 
112     //显示界面
113     public void ShowUI(UIType type)
114     {
115         BaseUI ui = FindUI(type);
116 
117         if(ui == null)//如果这个界面不存在
118         {
119             ui = CreateUI(type);
120             //添加到集合里面
121             m_ui_list.Add(ui);
122         }
123         else
124         {
125             ui.Show();
126         }
127 
128     }
129 
130     //隐藏界面
131     public void HideUI(UIType type)
132     {
133         BaseUI ui = FindUI(type);
134         if (ui != null)
135         {
136             ui.Hide();
137         }
138     }

posted @ 2020-12-29 17:24 邪心鳞宝阅读(109) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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UGUI搭建界面功能 (一) 提供接口

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