Docker 常用命令

Docker 常用命令

查看docker的事件

# 命令：docker events
2020-10-17T20:54:40.000000000+08:00 c7096ee78e8c8ea8f7656ab713c5e9db428560e5d15b84c67fd1948cb3b75ed1: (from centos) die
2020-10-17T20:55:00.000000000+08:00 a2cd3339a0a8a7634883d0cd1d22af375107f91cb56207c80db07cb168baae19: (from centos) create
2020-10-17T20:55:00.000000000+08:00 a2cd3339a0a8a7634883d0cd1d22af375107f91cb56207c80db07cb168baae19: (from centos) start

运行容器

docker run [options] image
#参数说明
--name NAME		容器名称
-d				后台运行
-it				交互凡是运行
-p 				指定容器端口
-P				随机指定端口

列出运行的容器

# 命令：docker ps 
# 退出容器的终端
exit
CTRL + P + Q # 退出不停止

删除容器

docker rm 容器id   # -f 强制删除运行中的容器
docker rm $(docker ps -qa) # 删除全部的容器
docker ps -qa | xargs docker rm -f 

启动和停止容器

docker start containerID	# 开始容器
docker restart containerID	# 重启容器
docker stop containerID		# 停止容器
docker kill containerID		# 强制停止容器

常用的其他命令

后台启动容器

# 命令 docker run -d image_name
# docker ps, 发现centos 停止了
# docker容器是后台运行，必须要有一个前台进程，当docker发现没有应用时，就会自动停止

查看日志

# 命令：docker logs [option] containerID
-f		# follow log output
-t 		# show timestamps
--tail	# number of lines to show

查看容器中的进程

# 命令 docker top containerID
UID        PID      PPID     C       STIME     TTY          TIME                CMD
root    63767      43602     0       20:12     pts/2      00:00:00            /bin/bash
# PPID 父进程PID 即是宿主机运行docker的进程号

查看容器的详细的信息

# 命令 docker inspect containerID
[
{
    "Id": "db16e35acf96776d2e00ee2159cebdd22df82595513c37dc60d288f8040fdb17",
    "Created": "2020-10-17T12:00:21.288693732Z",
    "Path": "/bin/bash",
    "Args": [
        "-c",
        "while true;do echo hello_world;sleep 3;done;"
    ],
    "State": {
        "Running": false,
        "Paused": false,
        "Restarting": false,
        "OOMKilled": false,
        "Dead": false,
        "Pid": 0,
        "ExitCode": 137,
        "Error": "",
        "StartedAt": "2020-10-17T12:03:29.483814936Z",
        "FinishedAt": "2020-10-17T12:19:30.750265748Z"
    },
    "Image": "375e2d4d2a24f3a34d30cf124af257868ddb060d87bb917e673d109a65db1ec0",
    "NetworkSettings": {
        "Bridge": "",
        "EndpointID": "",
        "Gateway": "",
        "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
        "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
        "HairpinMode": false,
        "IPAddress": "",
        "IPPrefixLen": 0,
        "IPv6Gateway": "",
        "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
        "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
        "MacAddress": "",
        "NetworkID": "",
        "PortMapping": null,
        "Ports": null,
        "SandboxKey": "",
        "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
        "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null
    },
    "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/db16e35acf96776d2e00ee2159cebdd22df82595513c37dc60d288f8040fdb17/resolv.conf",
    "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/db16e35acf96776d2e00ee2159cebdd22df82595513c37dc60d288f8040fdb17/hostname",
    "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/db16e35acf96776d2e00ee2159cebdd22df82595513c37dc60d288f8040fdb17/hosts",
    "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/db16e35acf96776d2e00ee2159cebdd22df82595513c37dc60d288f8040fdb17/db16e35acf96776d2e00ee2159cebdd22df82595513c37dc60d288f8040fdb17-json.log",
    "Name": "/mad_franklin",
    "RestartCount": 0,
    "Driver": "devicemapper",
    "ExecDriver": "native-0.2",
    "MountLabel": "",
    "ProcessLabel": "",
    "Volumes": {},
    "VolumesRW": {},
    "AppArmorProfile": "",
    "ExecIDs": null,
    "HostConfig": {
        "Binds": null,
        "ContainerIDFile": "",
        "LxcConf": [],
        "Memory": 0,
        "MemorySwap": 0,
        "CpuShares": 0,
        "CpuPeriod": 0,
        "CpusetCpus": "",
        "CpusetMems": "",
        "CpuQuota": 0,
        "BlkioWeight": 0,
        "OomKillDisable": false,
        "Privileged": false,
        "PortBindings": {},
        "Links": null,
        "PublishAllPorts": false,
        "Dns": null,
        "DnsSearch": null,
        "ExtraHosts": null,
        "VolumesFrom": null,
        "Devices": [],
        "NetworkMode": "bridge",
        "IpcMode": "",
        "PidMode": "",
        "UTSMode": "",
        "CapAdd": null,
        "CapDrop": null,
        "RestartPolicy": {
            "Name": "no",
            "MaximumRetryCount": 0
        },
        "SecurityOpt": null,
        "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
        "Ulimits": null,
        "LogConfig": {
            "Type": "json-file",
            "Config": {}
        },
        "CgroupParent": ""
    },
    "Config": {
        "Hostname": "db16e35acf96",
        "Domainname": "",
        "User": "",
        "AttachStdin": false,
        "AttachStdout": false,
        "AttachStderr": false,
        "PortSpecs": null,
        "ExposedPorts": null,
        "Tty": false,
        "OpenStdin": false,
        "StdinOnce": false,
        "Env": [
            "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
        ],
        "Cmd": [
            "/bin/bash",
            "-c",
            "while true;do echo hello_world;sleep 3;done;"
        ],
        "Image": "centos",
        "Volumes": null,
        "VolumeDriver": "",
        "WorkingDir": "",
        "Entrypoint": null,
        "NetworkDisabled": false,
        "MacAddress": "",
        "OnBuild": null,
        "Labels": {
            "org.label-schema.build-date": "20200809",
            "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
            "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
            "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
            "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
        }
    }
}
]

进入当前运行的容器

# 命令1：docker exec -it containerID CMD   # 进入容器后开启一个新的终端
# 命令2：docker attach containerID		    # 进入容器执行当前正在执行的终端

从容器内拷贝文件到主机上

# 命令：docker cp containerID:/DIR/FILE /HOSTDIR

提交一个自定义的镜像

# 命令：docker commit -a AUTH -m "COMMENT" containerID IMAGE_NAME:TAG
docker commit -a "pigeast" -m "add webapps app"