用Qemu搭建x86学习环境
作者信息
作者：彭东林
邮箱：pengdonglin137@163.com
QQ：405728433
软件平台
主机： Ubuntu14.04 64位版本
模拟器：Qemu-2.8.0
Linux内核版本： Linux-4.10
Busybox版本：busybox-1.24.2
工具链： gcc
具备的功能
模拟一个双核或者单核的x86架构的系统，根文件系统用ramdisk的形式，跟Host之间采用NFS的方式实现文件共享。
正文
1、Qemu的编译安装
请参考博文用qemu搭建aarch64学习环境
2、工具链
Ubuntu系统自带的gcc
3、Linux内核编译
登录https://www.kernel.org/， 下载最新的Linux版本，目前最新的是Linux-4.10。
下面是编译下面要用的kernel的命令：
1 #!/bin/bash 2 make O=out_x86 i386_defconfig 3 make O=out_x86 menuconfig 4 make O=out_x86 bzImage -j8
由于下面要用到ramdisk的启动方式，需要在kernel配置中支持：
1 General setup ---> 2 ----> [*] Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support 3 Device Drivers ---> 4 [*] Block devices ---> 5 <*> RAM block device support 6 (65536) Default RAM disk size (kbytes)
这里我们给ramdisk设置的默认大小是64MB
4、制作根文件系统
登录https://busybox.net/downloads/下载要用的busybox版本，这里我下的是busybox-1.24.2
这里需要注意的是，由于我们的Host是Ubuntu14.04 64bit，所以用gcc默认编译出的文件只能用于x86_64系统，如果要编译出能在x86上面运行的程序，需要在编译的时候传递必要的参数。
执行make menuconfig，配置下面几项：
1 Busybox Settings ---> 2 Build Options ---> 3 [*] Build BusyBox as a static binary (no shared libs) 4 (-m32 -march=i386 -mtune=i386) Additional CFLAGS 5 (-m32) Additional LDFLAGS
然后执行
1 make -j4 2 make install
5、制作ramdisk镜像
下面制作启动用的ramdisk，我把这个过程写成了脚本，如下：
1 #!/bin/bash 2 sudo rm -rf rootfs 3 sudo rm -rf tmpfs 4 sudo rm -rf ramdisk* 5 sudo mkdir rootfs 6 sudo cp ../busybox-1.24.2/_install/* rootfs/ -raf 7 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/proc/ 8 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/sys/ 9 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/tmp/ 10 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/root/ 11 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/var/ 12 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/mnt/ 13 sudo cp etc rootfs/ -arf 14 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/lib 15 sudo cp -arf /lib/i386-linux-gnu/* rootfs/lib/ 16 sudo rm rootfs/lib/*.a 17 sudo strip rootfs/lib/* 18 sudo mkdir -p rootfs/dev/ 19 sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty1 c 4 1 20 sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty2 c 4 2 21 sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty3 c 4 3 22 sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty4 c 4 4 23 sudo mknod rootfs/dev/console c 5 1 24 sudo mknod rootfs/dev/null c 1 3 25 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=ramdisk bs=1M count=32 26 sudo mkfs.ext4 -F ramdisk 27 sudo mkdir -p tmpfs 28 sudo mount -t ext4 ramdisk ./tmpfs/ -o loop 29 sudo cp -raf rootfs/* tmpfs/ 30 sudo umount tmpfs 31 sudo gzip --best -c ramdisk > ramdisk.gz
上面需要注意的是第20行，拷贝的是i386的库。
用到的文件可以到这里下载。
6、Qemu支持网络
请参考博客：
用Qemu模拟vexpress-a9 --- 配置 qemu 的网络功能
用Qemu模拟vexpress-a9 （三）--- 实现用u-boot引导Linux内核
7、运行脚本
下面是运行脚本，支持网络
1 sudo qemu-system-i386 \ 2 -smp 2 \ 3 -m 1024M \ 4 -kernel ./linux-4.10/out_x86/arch/x86/boot/bzImage \ 5 -nographic \ 6 -append "root=/dev/ram0 rw rootfstype=ext4 console=ttyS0 init=/linuxrc" \ 7 -initrd ./rootfs/ramdisk.gz \ 8 -net nic,vlan=0 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0
8、hello world
hello.c
1 #include <stdio.h> 2 int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) 3 { 4 printf("Hello world.\n"); 5 return 0; 6 }
Makefile
1 hello_32:hello.c 2 gcc -m32 -march=i386 -mtune=i386 $^ -o $@ 3 clean: 4 $(RM) hello_32 *.o 5 .PHONY: clean
9、启动log
1 $./run.sh 2 sudo tunctl -u root -t tap0 3 TUNSETIFF: Device or resource busy 4 sudo ifconfig tap0 0.0.0.0 promisc up 5 sudo brctl addif br0 tap0 6 brctl show 7 bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces 8 br0 8000.eaca1d86f75f no eth0 9 tap0 10 [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.10.0 (pengdonglin@pengdonglin-dell) (gcc version 4.8.4 (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ) #1 SMP Sat Feb 25 01:32:26 CST 2017 11 [ 0.000000] x86/fpu: Legacy x87 FPU detected. 12 [ 0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: 13 [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable 14 [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009fc00-0x000000000009ffff] reserved 15 [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved 16 [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000003ffdffff] usable 17 [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000003ffe0000-0x000000003fffffff] reserved 18 [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fffc0000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved 19 [ 0.000000] Notice: NX (Execute Disable) protection missing in CPU! 20 [ 0.000000] SMBIOS 2.8 present. 21 [ 0.000000] DMI: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.10.1-0-g8891697-prebuilt.qemu-project.org 04/01/2014 22 [ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x3ffe0 max_arch_pfn = 0x100000 23 [ 0.000000] MTRR: Disabled 24 [ 0.000000] x86/PAT: MTRRs disabled, skipping PAT initialization too. 25 [ 0.000000] x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB WT UC- UC WB WT UC- UC 26 [ 0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [mem 0x000f6a90-0x000f6a9f] mapped at [c00f6a90] 27 [ 0.000000] Scanning 1 areas for low memory corruption 28 [ 0.000000] RAMDISK: [mem 0x3fb4d000-0x3ffdffff] 29 [ 0.000000] Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem 0x3736b000-0x377fdc05] 30 [ 0.000000] Move RAMDISK from [mem 0x3fb4d000-0x3ffdfc05] to [mem 0x3736b000-0x377fdc05] 31 [ 0.000000] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled 32 [ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000000F6860 000014 (v00 BOCHS ) 33 [ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDT 0x000000003FFE1936 000030 (v01 BOCHS BXPCRSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001) 34 [ 0.000000] ACPI: FACP 0x000000003FFE180A 000074 (v01 BOCHS BXPCFACP 00000001 BXPC 00000001) 35 [ 0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 0x000000003FFE0040 0017CA (v01 BOCHS BXPCDSDT 00000001 BXPC 00000001) 36 [ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x000000003FFE0000 000040 37 [ 0.000000] ACPI: APIC 0x000000003FFE187E 000080 (v01 BOCHS BXPCAPIC 00000001 BXPC 00000001) 38 [ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET 0x000000003FFE18FE 000038 (v01 BOCHS BXPCHPET 00000001 BXPC 00000001) 39 [ 0.000000] 135MB HIGHMEM available. 40 [ 0.000000] 887MB LOWMEM available. 41 [ 0.000000] mapped low ram: 0 - 377fe000 42 [ 0.000000] low ram: 0 - 377fe000 43 [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: 44 [ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000000ffffff] 45 [ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x00000000377fdfff] 46 [ 0.000000] HighMem [mem 0x00000000377fe000-0x000000003ffdffff] 47 [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node 48 [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges 49 [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000000009efff] 50 [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000003ffdffff] 51 [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000003ffdffff] 52 [ 0.000000] Using APIC driver default 53 [ 0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x608 54 [ 0.000000] ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0xff] dfl dfl lint[0x1]) 55 [ 0.000000] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 0, version 32, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23 56 [ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl) 57 [ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 5 global_irq 5 high level) 58 [ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level) 59 [ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 10 global_irq 10 high level) 60 [ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 11 global_irq 11 high level) 61 [ 0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information 62 [ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET id: 0x8086a201 base: 0xfed00000 63 [ 0.000000] smpboot: Allowing 2 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs 64 [ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] 65 [ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x0009ffff] 66 [ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000effff] 67 [ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff] 68 [ 0.000000] e820: [mem 0x40000000-0xfffbffff] available for PCI devices 69 [ 0.000000] clocksource: refined-jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 1910969940391419 ns 70 [ 0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:8 nr_cpumask_bits:8 nr_cpu_ids:2 nr_node_ids:1 71 [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 20 pages/cpu @f6b40000 s51084 r0 d30836 u81920 72 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 260238 73 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram0 rw rootfstype=ext4 console=ttyS0 init=/linuxrc 74 [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) 75 [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) 76 [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) 77 [ 0.000000] Initializing CPU#0 78 [ 0.000000] Initializing HighMem for node 0 (000377fe:0003ffe0) 79 [ 0.000000] Initializing Movable for node 0 (00000000:00000000) 80 [ 0.000000] Memory: 1020616K/1048056K available (8665K kernel code, 791K rwdata, 2608K rodata, 740K init, 616K bss, 27440K reserved, 0K cma-reserved, 139144K highmem) 81 [ 0.000000] virtual kernel memory layout: 82 [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff16000 - 0xfffff000 ( 932 kB) 83 [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xff800000 - 0xffc00000 (4096 kB) 84 [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xf7ffe000 - 0xff7fe000 ( 120 MB) 85 [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xf77fe000 ( 887 MB) 86 [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc1bcd000 - 0xc1c86000 ( 740 kB) 87 [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc18767f9 - 0xc1bcbc00 (3413 kB) 88 [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc1000000 - 0xc18767f9 (8665 kB) 89 [ 0.000000] Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...Ok. 90 [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=2, Nodes=1 91 [ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation. 92 [ 0.000000] Build-time adjustment of leaf fanout to 32. 93 [ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=2. 94 [ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=32, nr_cpu_ids=2 95 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:2304 nr_irqs:440 16 96 [ 0.000000] Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 97 [ 0.000000] console [ttyS0] enabled 98 [ 0.000000] clocksource: hpet: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604467 ns 99 [ 0.000000] tsc: Unable to calibrate against PIT 100 [ 0.000000] tsc: using HPET reference calibration 101 [ 0.000000] tsc: Detected 3591.694 MHz processor 102 [ 0.007775] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 7183.38 BogoMIPS (lpj=3591694) 103 [ 0.008377] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 104 [ 0.008594] ACPI: Core revision 20160930 105 [ 0.024739] ACPI: 1 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded 106 [ 0.025401] Security Framework initialized 107 [ 0.025561] SELinux: Initializing. 108 [ 0.026077] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) 109 [ 0.026244] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) 110 [ 0.036746] Last level iTLB entries: 4KB 0, 2MB 0, 4MB 0 111 [ 0.037026] Last level dTLB entries: 4KB 0, 2MB 0, 4MB 0, 1GB 0 112 [ 0.038602] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 36K 113 [ 0.046078] smpboot: Max logical packages: 2 114 [ 0.046445] Enabling APIC mode: Flat. Using 1 I/O APICs 115 [ 0.049000] ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1 116 [ 0.059000] smpboot: CPU0: Intel QEMU Virtual CPU version 2.5+ (family: 0x6, model: 0x6, stepping: 0x3) 117 [ 0.061377] Performance Events: PMU not available due to virtualization, using software events only. 118 [ 0.066376] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... 119 [ 0.067926] x86: Booting SMP configuration: 120 [ 0.068054] .... node #0, CPUs: #1 121 [ 0.008000] Initializing CPU#1 122 [ 0.133078] smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs 123 [ 0.134067] smpboot: Total of 2 processors activated (22285.22 BogoMIPS) 124 [ 0.143032] devtmpfs: initialized 125 [ 0.149863] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 1911260446275000 ns 126 [ 0.150090] futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) 127 [ 0.155150] RTC time: 10:01:40, date: 02/25/17 128 [ 0.157028] kworker/u4:0 (20) used greatest stack depth: 7132 bytes left 129 [ 0.161333] NET: Registered protocol family 16 130 [ 0.173097] cpuidle: using governor menu 131 [ 0.173970] ACPI: bus type PCI registered 132 [ 0.177353] PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfd536, last bus=0 133 [ 0.177600] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access 134 [ 0.207832] kworker/u4:0 (139) used greatest stack depth: 7092 bytes left 135 [ 0.289247] HugeTLB registered 4 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages 136 [ 0.292279] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device) 137 [ 0.292521] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device) 138 [ 0.292643] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions) 139 [ 0.292781] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device) 140 [ 0.309740] ACPI: Interpreter enabled 141 [ 0.310448] ACPI: (supports S0 S3 S4 S5) 142 [ 0.310597] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing 143 [ 0.311277] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug 144 [ 0.359893] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff]) 145 [ 0.360294] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: OS supports [ASPM ClockPM Segments MSI] 146 [ 0.360639] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC failed (AE_NOT_FOUND); disabling ASPM 147 [ 0.361141] acpi PNP0A03:00: fail to add MMCONFIG information, can't access extended PCI configuration space under this bridge. 148 [ 0.363225] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 149 [ 0.363415] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0x0cf7 window] 150 [ 0.363746] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0d00-0xffff window] 151 [ 0.363907] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window] 152 [ 0.364025] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x40000000-0xfebfffff window] 153 [ 0.364263] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff] 154 [ 0.373072] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x10: [io 0x01f0-0x01f7] 155 [ 0.373307] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x14: [io 0x03f6] 156 [ 0.373576] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x18: [io 0x0170-0x0177] 157 [ 0.374036] pci 0000:00:01.1: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x1c: [io 0x0376] 158 [ 0.376153] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io 0x0600-0x063f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI 159 [ 0.376333] pci 0000:00:01.3: quirk: [io 0x0700-0x070f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB 160 [ 0.399641] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 5 *10 11) 161 [ 0.400465] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 5 *10 11) 162 [ 0.401214] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 5 10 *11) 163 [ 0.401834] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 5 10 *11) 164 [ 0.402236] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKS] (IRQs *9) 165 [ 0.404694] ACPI: Enabled 3 GPEs in block 00 to 0F 166 [ 0.408495] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: setting as boot VGA device 167 [ 0.408873] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none 168 [ 0.409112] pci 0000:00:02.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible 169 [ 0.409248] vgaarb: loaded 170 [ 0.410945] SCSI subsystem initialized 171 [ 0.414000] ACPI: bus type USB registered 172 [ 0.414797] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs 173 [ 0.415427] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub 174 [ 0.415718] usbcore: registered new device driver usb 175 [ 0.417317] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered 176 [ 0.417613] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it> 177 [ 0.418106] PTP clock support registered 178 [ 0.420634] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized. 179 [ 0.421307] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing 180 [ 0.430601] NetLabel: Initializing 181 [ 0.431026] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 182 [ 0.431139] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 CALIPSO 183 [ 0.432960] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default 184 [ 0.434622] HPET: 3 timers in total, 0 timers will be used for per-cpu timer 185 [ 0.435078] hpet0: at MMIO 0xfed00000, IRQs 2, 8, 0 186 [ 0.435253] hpet0: 3 comparators, 64-bit 100.000000 MHz counter 187 [ 0.439456] clocksource: Switched to clocksource hpet 188 [ 0.525641] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 189 [ 0.525932] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) 190 [ 0.528559] pnp: PnP ACPI init 191 [ 0.534353] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 6 devices 192 [ 0.610325] clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns 193 [ 0.612328] NET: Registered protocol family 2 194 [ 0.616573] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) 195 [ 0.616866] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) 196 [ 0.617208] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) 197 [ 0.617669] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) 198 [ 0.617902] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) 199 [ 0.619276] NET: Registered protocol family 1 200 [ 0.621262] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. 201 [ 0.621413] RPC: Registered udp transport module. 202 [ 0.621520] RPC: Registered tcp transport module. 203 [ 0.621619] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. 204 [ 0.621843] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers 205 [ 0.622119] pci 0000:00:01.0: PIIX3: Enabling Passive Release 206 [ 0.622445] pci 0000:00:01.0: Activating ISA DMA hang workarounds 207 [ 0.622864] pci 0000:00:02.0: Video device with shadowed ROM at [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] 208 [ 0.626815] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs... 209 [ 0.632405] rootfs image is not initramfs (no cpio magic); looks like an initrd 210 [ 0.666987] Freeing initrd memory: 4684K 211 [ 0.672966] Scanning for low memory corruption every 60 seconds 212 [ 0.682999] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled) 213 [ 0.684270] audit: type=2000 audit(1488016899.683:1): initialized 214 [ 0.688482] workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=18 bucket_order=0 215 [ 0.696134] kworker/u4:0 (673) used greatest stack depth: 6924 bytes left 216 [ 0.697355] kworker/u4:1 (681) used greatest stack depth: 6828 bytes left 217 [ 0.723760] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type 218 [ 0.724638] Key type id_resolver registered 219 [ 0.724750] Key type id_legacy registered 220 [ 0.738476] bounce: pool size: 64 pages 221 [ 0.738973] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251) 222 [ 0.739724] io scheduler noop registered 223 [ 0.739854] io scheduler deadline registered 224 [ 0.740441] io scheduler cfq registered (default) 225 [ 0.745788] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input0 226 [ 0.746719] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] 227 [ 0.750459] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled 228 [ 0.795390] 00:05: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A 229 [ 0.801266] Non-volatile memory driver v1.3 230 [ 0.801804] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 231 [ 0.803292] [drm] Initialized 232 [ 0.855762] brd: module loaded 233 [ 0.872555] loop: module loaded 234 [ 0.883782] scsi host0: ata_piix 235 [ 0.886438] scsi host1: ata_piix 236 [ 0.886980] ata1: PATA max MWDMA2 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xc040 irq 14 237 [ 0.887640] ata2: PATA max MWDMA2 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xc048 irq 15 238 [ 0.891250] e100: Intel(R) PRO/100 Network Driver, 3.5.24-k2-NAPI 239 [ 0.891388] e100: Copyright(c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation 240 [ 0.891622] e1000: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - version 7.3.21-k8-NAPI 241 [ 0.891804] e1000: Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation. 242 [ 1.133121] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] enabled at IRQ 11 243 [ 1.137419] ata2.00: ATAPI: QEMU DVD-ROM, 2.5+, max UDMA/100 244 [ 1.138767] ata2.00: configured for MWDMA2 245 [ 1.147488] scsi 1:0:0:0: CD-ROM QEMU QEMU DVD-ROM 2.5+ PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 246 [ 1.169985] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] scsi3-mmc drive: 4x/4x cd/rw xa/form2 tray 247 [ 1.170454] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 248 [ 1.174183] sr 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 5 249 [ 1.425975] e1000 0000:00:03.0 eth0: (PCI:33MHz:32-bit) 52:54:00:12:34:56 250 [ 1.426582] e1000 0000:00:03.0 eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection 251 [ 1.427218] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k 252 [ 1.427352] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation. 253 [ 1.427623] sky2: driver version 1.30 254 [ 1.430418] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver 255 [ 1.430583] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver 256 [ 1.430883] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver 257 [ 1.431247] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver 258 [ 1.431509] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver 259 [ 1.431906] usbcore: registered new interface driver usblp 260 [ 1.432264] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage 261 [ 1.432929] i8042: PNP: PS/2 Controller [PNP0303:KBD,PNP0f13:MOU] at 0x60,0x64 irq 1,12 262 [ 1.436670] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 263 [ 1.436951] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 264 [ 1.439909] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice 265 [ 1.444141] rtc_cmos 00:00: RTC can wake from S4 266 [ 1.445672] rtc_cmos 00:00: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0 267 [ 1.446270] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input1 268 [ 1.447351] rtc_cmos 00:00: alarms up to one day, y3k, 114 bytes nvram, hpet irqs 269 [ 1.449199] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.35.0-ioctl (2016-06-23) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com 270 [ 1.449995] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina 271 [ 1.458419] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid 272 [ 1.458590] usbhid: USB HID core driver 273 [ 1.469901] Netfilter messages via NETLINK v0.30. 274 [ 1.474476] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (16384 buckets, 65536 max) 275 [ 1.476415] ctnetlink v0.93: registering with nfnetlink. 276 [ 1.478914] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team 277 [ 1.480537] Initializing XFRM netlink socket 278 [ 1.482724] NET: Registered protocol family 10 279 [ 1.488410] Segment Routing with IPv6 280 [ 1.488994] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team 281 [ 1.490959] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver 282 [ 1.493871] NET: Registered protocol family 17 283 [ 1.494457] Key type dns_resolver registered 284 [ 1.494596] mce: Unable to init device /dev/mcelog (rc: -5) 285 [ 1.495295] Using IPI No-Shortcut mode 286 [ 1.497003] registered taskstats version 1 287 [ 1.499416] Magic number: 5:873:22 288 [ 1.499855] console [netcon0] enabled 289 [ 1.499971] netconsole: network logging started 290 [ 1.501668] ALSA device list: 291 [ 1.501771] No soundcards found. 292 [ 1.663847] random: fast init done 293 [ 1.695501] tsc: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 3591.682 MHz 294 [ 1.695834] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x33c5a15be52, max_idle_ns: 440795280454 ns 295 [ 2.080707] input: ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input3 296 [ 2.083629] md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect 297 [ 2.083856] md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect 298 [ 2.087671] md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. 299 [ 2.087899] md: autorun ... 300 [ 2.088004] md: ... autorun DONE. 301 [ 2.089417] RAMDISK: gzip image found at block 0 302 [ 2.761025] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc 303 [ 3.085065] EXT4-fs (ram0): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) 304 [ 3.085708] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 1:0. 305 [ 3.087372] devtmpfs: mounted 306 [ 3.124532] Freeing unused kernel memory: 740K 307 [ 3.124956] Write protecting the kernel text: 8668k 308 [ 3.125632] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 2620k 309 [ 3.206262] mkdir (1034) used greatest stack depth: 6716 bytes left 310 [ 3.431630] mdev (1036) used greatest stack depth: 6472 bytes left 311 [ 3.465204] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready 312 [ 3.472420] e1000: eth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: RX 313 [ 3.475559] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready 314 Please press Enter to activate this console. 315 [root@x86 ]# 316 [root@x86 ]# 317 [root@x86 ]# mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.1.6:/nfsroot /mnt 318 [ 20.664186] mount (1050) used greatest stack depth: 5816 bytes left 319 [root@x86 ]# 320 [root@x86 ]# cd /mnt/ 321 [root@x86 mnt]# ls 322 a.out interrupt_xeint14_15.ko shadow3 323 dmesg.log interrupt_xeint26_29.ko trace 324 fdt mtd0ro trace.txt 325 group mtd1ro virt.dts 326 hello_32 mtd2ro xeint26.ko 327 hello_aarch64 mtd3ro 328 interrupt_gpm4_0.ko passwd 329 [root@x86 mnt]# ./hello_32 330 Hello world. 331 [root@x86 mnt]#
上面我们挂载了Host的共享目录
完。
本文来自博客园，作者：摩斯电码，未经同意，禁止转载
