条形竞赛图

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from faker import Faker
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
import matplotlib.animation as animation
from IPython.display import HTML

df = pd.DataFrame()
name,country,value,year = [],[],[],[]


# 默认生成的数据为为英文，使用zh_CN指定为中文
f = Faker('zh_CN')

#生成随机数据
for i in range(1000):
    name.append(f.city())
    country.append(f.random_digit_not_null())
    year.append(f.year())
    value.append(f.numerify())

df['name'] = name
df['country'] = country
df['value'] = value
df['year'] = year
df.head()

	name	country	value	year
0	海口市	4	513	1977
1	兴安盟县	4	611	1970
2	拉萨市	2	322	2006
3	杭州县	1	135	1981
4	建县	3	438	2013

colors = dict(zip(df.country.unique(),[f.color() for i in range(len(df.country.unique()))]))
colors

{4: '#e8c278',
 2: '#3988b2',
 1: '#d84906',
 3: '#74f25e',
 9: '#eda1b5',
 5: '#a1fcde',
 8: '#d4a7e8',
 6: '#edadd3',
 7: '#0668e8'}

group_lk = df.set_index('name')['country'].to_dict()
df['value'] = df['value'].astype('int')
df['year'] = df['year'].astype('int')

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 8))
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = 'Fangsong' # 设置字体样式
plt.rcParams['font.size'] = '20' # 设置字体大小 

def draw_barchart(year):
    #获取每一年排名前10的数据
    dff = df[df['year'].eq(year)].sort_values(by='value', ascending=True).tail(10)
    ax.clear()
    #绘制柱状图
    ax.barh(dff['name'], dff['value'], color=[colors[group_lk[x]] for x in dff['name']])

    dx = dff['value'].max() / 200

    #添加标签
    for i, (value, name) in enumerate(zip(dff['value'], dff['name'])):
        #城市
        ax.text(value-dx, i,     name,           size=14, weight=600, ha='right', va='bottom')
        #country
        ax.text(value-dx, i-.25, group_lk[name], size=10, color='#444444', ha='right', va='baseline')
        #value
        ax.text(value+dx, i,     f'{value:,.0f}',  size=14, ha='left',  va='center')

    #显示年份标签
    ax.text(1, 0.08, year, transform=ax.transAxes, color='#777777', size=46, ha='right', weight=800)

    #显示副标题
    ax.text(0, 1.06, '每年创造的价值', transform=ax.transAxes, size=12, color='#777777')

    #设置坐标轴精度
    ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.StrMethodFormatter('{x:,.0f}'))
    #设置坐标轴标签位置top/bottom
    ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top')

    #colors:设置背景色；labelsize:设置坐标轴标签字体大小
    ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='#777777', labelsize=16)
    ax.set_yticks([])

    #设置ax距离两边的间距大小
    ax.margins(0, 0.02)
    #设置网格
    ax.grid(which='major', axis='x', linestyle='-')
    #让网格显示在图片的下面
    ax.set_axisbelow(True)
    #设置标题
    ax.text(0, 1.12, 'The most populous cities in the world from 2000 to 2021',
            transform=ax.transAxes, size=24, weight=600, ha='left')
    #设置所有权      
    ax.text(1, 0, 'by @peanut', transform=ax.transAxes, ha='right',
            color='#777777', bbox=dict(facecolor='white', alpha=0.8, edgecolor='white'))
    plt.box(False)
#绘制2018年的图形   
draw_barchart(2018)

​

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import matplotlib.animation as animation
from IPython.display import HTML

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 8))
#interval设置时间间隔
animator = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, draw_barchart, frames=range(2000, 2019),interval=1000)
HTML(animator.to_jshtml()) 
# or use animator.to_html5_video() or animator.save()