paul_cheung

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管窥python语法

刚接触python,mark下所见所得:

1.Python调用底层API,可在任何platform上运行,包括Windows、Mac、Unix;

2.用#符号对代码或语句进行注释,#后的代码不被编译;

3.print的时候使用逗号[,]告诉解释器不作新行输出;

4.python程序可以运行在windows shell里(cmd line);

5.代码可以在notepad下编辑,纯文本结构文件;

6.变量声明:v=2; v="can be changed to a string"; #the value of v can be changed at any time;

      name="paul cheng";同样用加号进行字符串连接;

7.while循环:[代码逻辑结构完全用缩进控制,新鲜清洁]

    n=1

    while n<10:

      print n

      n=n+1

8.function:

  1)definition:

    def hello():

      print "hello"

      return 1234

  2)invoke:

    "print hello()" will output result like: [after execution of print "hello", function returns 1234 for printing]

      hello

      1234

9.Tuples, Lists, Dictionaries.

    1)Tuples: month = ('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun')

    2)Lists: cats = ['Tom', 'Snappy', 'Kitty', 'Jessie', 'Chester'] 

        add: cats.append("appendOne")

        delete: cats.remove("Tom") or del cats[n];

        get one: cats[1] will get "Snappy";

        get many: cats[0:2] will get "'Tom','Snappy','Kitty'";

    3)Dictinonaries: phonebook = {'paul cheung':123456, 'chirs paul':654321}

        add: phonebook['key']=value

        delete: del phonebook['key']

        keys: phonebook.keys() will return all keys as a list;

        values: phonebook.values() will return all values as a list;

10.loop-for:

    for item in list:

      print item

11.class:

    class person:  #definition

      def _init_(selef, name, age):  #.ctor

        self.name=name

        self.age=age

    class student(person):  #inheritence

      {statement...}

12.module: #include variables/function/class;

13.import module:

    import module_name

    from module_name import function_name/class_name

14.use imported module:

    module_name.function_name/class;

    function_name if use from...import...

15.file I/O:

    file = open('file_name', 'r/w')

    file.seek(int, int) #moving cursor

16.error handling:

    try:

      {statement...}

    except NameError:

      {...}  #handle a type of error

    except SyntaxError:

      {...}  #handle another type of error

    or except (NameError, SyntaxError)

      {...}  #handle multilple types of error together

posted on 2013-07-19 13:50  paul_cheung  阅读(174)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报