python pip command example
python pip install：
userName:~$ cd python/ userName:~/python$ ls panTestProjects userName:~/python$ cd panTestProjects/ userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ ls py3_8_numpy1_22_pandas1_4 userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ python -v Command 'python' not found, did you mean: command 'python3' from deb python3 command 'python' from deb python-is-python3 userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ python -V Command 'python' not found, did you mean: command 'python3' from deb python3 command 'python' from deb python-is-python3 userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ py -V Command 'py' not found, but can be installed with: sudo apt install pythonpy userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip -V pip 22.3.1 from /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8) userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip3 -V pip 22.3.1 from /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8) userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ apt install python-pip E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: Permission denied) E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), are you root? userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ sudo apt install python-pip [sudo] password for panxi: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package python-pip is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source However the following packages replace it: python3-pip E: Package 'python-pip' has no installation candidate userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ python3 -V Python 3.8.10 userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ sudo apt install python3-pip Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done python3-pip is already the newest version (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6). 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 167 not upgraded. userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip3 -V pip 22.3.1 from /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8) userName:~/python/panTestProjects$
package install using pip
Package Version
---------------------- --------------------
attrs 19.3.0
Automat 0.8.0
blinker 1.4
certifi 2019.11.28
chardet 3.0.4
Click 7.0
cloud-init 21.4
colorama 0.4.3
command-not-found 0.3
configobj 5.0.6
constantly 15.1.0
cryptography 2.8
dbus-python 1.2.16
distro 1.4.0
distro-info 0.23ubuntu1
entrypoints 0.3
httplib2 0.14.0
hyperlink 19.0.0
idna 2.8
importlib-metadata 1.5.0
incremental 16.10.1
Jinja2 2.10.1
jsonpatch 1.22
jsonpointer 2.0
jsonschema 3.2.0
keyring 18.0.1
language-selector 0.1
launchpadlib 1.10.13
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.2
lazr.uri 1.0.3
MarkupSafe 1.1.0
more-itertools 4.2.0
netifaces 0.10.4
numpy 1.22.0
oauthlib 3.1.0
pandas 1.4.0
pexpect 4.6.0
pip 22.3.1
pyasn1 0.4.2
pyasn1-modules 0.2.1
PyGObject 3.36.0
PyHamcrest 1.9.0
PyJWT 1.7.1
pymacaroons 0.13.0
PyNaCl 1.3.0
pyOpenSSL 19.0.0
pyrsistent 0.15.5
pyserial 3.4
python-apt 2.0.0+ubuntu0.20.4.7
python-dateutil 2.8.2
python-debian 0.1.36ubuntu1
pytz 2022.7.1
PyYAML 5.3.1
requests 2.22.0
requests-unixsocket 0.2.0
SecretStorage 2.3.1
service-identity 18.1.0
setuptools 45.2.0
simplejson 3.16.0
six 1.14.0
sos 4.2
ssh-import-id 5.10
systemd-python 234
Twisted 18.9.0
ubuntu-advantage-tools 27.6
ufw 0.36
unattended-upgrades 0.1
urllib3 1.25.8
wadllib 1.3.3
wheel 0.34.2
zipp 1.0.0
zope.interface 4.7.1
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0
[notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip install babel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting babel
Downloading Babel-2.11.0-py3-none-any.whl (9.5 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 9.5/9.5 MB 5.2 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2015.7 in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from babel) (2022.7.1)
Installing collected packages: babel
Successfully installed babel-2.11.0
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0
[notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip list
Package Version
---------------------- --------------------
attrs 19.3.0
Automat 0.8.0
Babel 2.11.0
blinker 1.4
certifi 2019.11.28
chardet 3.0.4
Click 7.0
cloud-init 21.4
colorama 0.4.3
command-not-found 0.3
configobj 5.0.6
constantly 15.1.0
cryptography 2.8
dbus-python 1.2.16
distro 1.4.0
distro-info 0.23ubuntu1
entrypoints 0.3
httplib2 0.14.0
hyperlink 19.0.0
idna 2.8
importlib-metadata 1.5.0
incremental 16.10.1
Jinja2 2.10.1
jsonpatch 1.22
jsonpointer 2.0
jsonschema 3.2.0
keyring 18.0.1
language-selector 0.1
launchpadlib 1.10.13
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.2
lazr.uri 1.0.3
MarkupSafe 1.1.0
more-itertools 4.2.0
netifaces 0.10.4
numpy 1.22.0
oauthlib 3.1.0
pandas 1.4.0
pexpect 4.6.0
pip 22.3.1
pyasn1 0.4.2
pyasn1-modules 0.2.1
PyGObject 3.36.0
PyHamcrest 1.9.0
PyJWT 1.7.1
pymacaroons 0.13.0
PyNaCl 1.3.0
pyOpenSSL 19.0.0
pyrsistent 0.15.5
pyserial 3.4
python-apt 2.0.0+ubuntu0.20.4.7
python-dateutil 2.8.2
python-debian 0.1.36ubuntu1
pytz 2022.7.1
PyYAML 5.3.1
requests 2.22.0
requests-unixsocket 0.2.0
SecretStorage 2.3.1
service-identity 18.1.0
setuptools 45.2.0
simplejson 3.16.0
six 1.14.0
sos 4.2
ssh-import-id 5.10
systemd-python 234
Twisted 18.9.0
ubuntu-advantage-tools 27.6
ufw 0.36
unattended-upgrades 0.1
urllib3 1.25.8
wadllib 1.3.3
wheel 0.34.2
zipp 1.0.0
zope.interface 4.7.1
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0
[notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip uninstall babel
Found existing installation: Babel 2.11.0
Uninstalling Babel-2.11.0:
Would remove:
/home/panxi/.local/bin/pybabel
/home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/Babel-2.11.0.dist-info/*
/home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/babel/*
Proceed (Y/n)? y
Successfully uninstalled Babel-2.11.0
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip list
Package Version
---------------------- --------------------
attrs 19.3.0
Automat 0.8.0
blinker 1.4
certifi 2019.11.28
chardet 3.0.4
Click 7.0
cloud-init 21.4
colorama 0.4.3
command-not-found 0.3
configobj 5.0.6
constantly 15.1.0
cryptography 2.8
dbus-python 1.2.16
distro 1.4.0
distro-info 0.23ubuntu1
entrypoints 0.3
httplib2 0.14.0
hyperlink 19.0.0
idna 2.8
importlib-metadata 1.5.0
incremental 16.10.1
Jinja2 2.10.1
jsonpatch 1.22
jsonpointer 2.0
jsonschema 3.2.0
keyring 18.0.1
language-selector 0.1
launchpadlib 1.10.13
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.2
lazr.uri 1.0.3
MarkupSafe 1.1.0
more-itertools 4.2.0
netifaces 0.10.4
numpy 1.22.0
oauthlib 3.1.0
pandas 1.4.0
pexpect 4.6.0
pip 22.3.1
pyasn1 0.4.2
pyasn1-modules 0.2.1
PyGObject 3.36.0
PyHamcrest 1.9.0
PyJWT 1.7.1
pymacaroons 0.13.0
PyNaCl 1.3.0
pyOpenSSL 19.0.0
pyrsistent 0.15.5
pyserial 3.4
python-apt 2.0.0+ubuntu0.20.4.7
python-dateutil 2.8.2
python-debian 0.1.36ubuntu1
pytz 2022.7.1
PyYAML 5.3.1
requests 2.22.0
requests-unixsocket 0.2.0
SecretStorage 2.3.1
service-identity 18.1.0
setuptools 45.2.0
simplejson 3.16.0
six 1.14.0
sos 4.2
ssh-import-id 5.10
systemd-python 234
Twisted 18.9.0
ubuntu-advantage-tools 27.6
ufw 0.36
unattended-upgrades 0.1
urllib3 1.25.8
wadllib 1.3.3
wheel 0.34.2
zipp 1.0.0
zope.interface 4.7.1
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0
[notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip install -U babel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting babel
Using cached Babel-2.11.0-py3-none-any.whl (9.5 MB)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2015.7 in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from babel) (2022.7.1)
Installing collected packages: babel
Successfully installed babel-2.11.0
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0
[notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$ pip list
Package Version
---------------------- --------------------
attrs 19.3.0
Automat 0.8.0
Babel 2.11.0
blinker 1.4
certifi 2019.11.28
chardet 3.0.4
Click 7.0
cloud-init 21.4
colorama 0.4.3
command-not-found 0.3
configobj 5.0.6
constantly 15.1.0
cryptography 2.8
dbus-python 1.2.16
distro 1.4.0
distro-info 0.23ubuntu1
entrypoints 0.3
httplib2 0.14.0
hyperlink 19.0.0
idna 2.8
importlib-metadata 1.5.0
incremental 16.10.1
Jinja2 2.10.1
jsonpatch 1.22
jsonpointer 2.0
jsonschema 3.2.0
keyring 18.0.1
language-selector 0.1
launchpadlib 1.10.13
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.2
lazr.uri 1.0.3
MarkupSafe 1.1.0
more-itertools 4.2.0
netifaces 0.10.4
numpy 1.22.0
oauthlib 3.1.0
pandas 1.4.0
pexpect 4.6.0
pip 22.3.1
pyasn1 0.4.2
pyasn1-modules 0.2.1
PyGObject 3.36.0
PyHamcrest 1.9.0
PyJWT 1.7.1
pymacaroons 0.13.0
PyNaCl 1.3.0
pyOpenSSL 19.0.0
pyrsistent 0.15.5
pyserial 3.4
python-apt 2.0.0+ubuntu0.20.4.7
python-dateutil 2.8.2
python-debian 0.1.36ubuntu1
pytz 2022.7.1
PyYAML 5.3.1
requests 2.22.0
requests-unixsocket 0.2.0
SecretStorage 2.3.1
service-identity 18.1.0
setuptools 45.2.0
simplejson 3.16.0
six 1.14.0
sos 4.2
ssh-import-id 5.10
systemd-python 234
Twisted 18.9.0
ubuntu-advantage-tools 27.6
ufw 0.36
unattended-upgrades 0.1
urllib3 1.25.8
wadllib 1.3.3
wheel 0.34.2
zipp 1.0.0
zope.interface 4.7.1
[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0
[notice] To update, run: python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
userName:~/python/panTestProjects$
add file at ubuntu on windows using WSL & change file's permission
# linux on window path: C:\Users\[user]]\AppData\Local\Packages\CanonicalGroupLimited.Ubuntu20.04onWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\LocalState\rootfs
[username]:~$ ls
python
[username]:~$ path
Command 'path' not found, did you mean:
command 'mpath' from deb libmodule-path-perl (0.19-1)
command 'patch' from deb patch (2.7.6-6)
command 'pat' from deb dist (1:3.5-236-0.1build1)
command 'xpath' from deb libxml-xpath-perl (1.44-1)
command 'path6' from deb ipv6toolkit (2.0-1)
Try: sudo apt install <deb name>
[username]:~$ env
SHELL=/bin/bash
WSL_DISTRO_NAME=Ubuntu-20.04
WT_SESSION=6a834d2f-fec0-4835-bcfa-45b3f38d1f28
NAME=SLB-3D05SQ3
PWD=/home/panxi
LOGNAME=panxi
HOME=/home/panxi
LANG=C.UTF-8
LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:
LESSCLOSE=/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s
TERM=xterm-256color
LESSOPEN=| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s
USER=panxi
SHLVL=1
WSLENV=WT_SESSION::WT_PROFILE_ID
XDG_DATA_DIRS=/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop
PATH=/home/panxi/.local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/mnt/c/Program Files/Python38/Scripts/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Python38/:/mnt/c/Python311/Scripts/:/mnt/c/Python311/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Microsoft/jdk-11.0.12.7-hotspot/bin:/mnt/c/WINDOWS/system32:/mnt/c/WINDOWS:/mnt/c/WINDOWS/System32/Wbem:/mnt/c/WINDOWS/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/:/mnt/c/WINDOWS/System32/OpenSSH/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/150/Tools/Binn/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/Client SDK/ODBC/170/Tools/Binn/:/mnt/c/Program Files/dotnet/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Git/cmd:/mnt/c/Program Files/MongoDB/mongodb-database-tools-windows-x86_64-100.6.1/bin:/mnt/c/Program Files/MongoDB/mongosh/mongosh-1.6.0-win32-x64/mongosh-1.6.0-win32-x64/bin:/mnt/c/Program Files/MongoDB/Server/6.0/bin:/mnt/c/ProgramData/mambaforge:/mnt/c/Program Files/k6/:/mnt/c/Program Files/nodejs/:/mnt/c/ProgramData/chocolatey/bin:/mnt/c/Program Files/Docker/Docker/resources/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3_python3_8:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3_python3_8/Library/mingw-w64/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3_python3_8/Library/usr/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3_python3_8/Library/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3_python3_8/Scripts:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3/Library/mingw-w64/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3/Library/usr/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3/Library/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/Anaconda3/Scripts:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python38/Scripts/:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python38/:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python37/Scripts/:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python37/:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Local/Microsoft/WindowsApps:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/.dotnet/tools:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Local/Programs/Microsoft VS Code/bin:/mnt/c/Users/PXi/AppData/Roaming/npm:/snap/bin
HOSTTYPE=x86_64
WT_PROFILE_ID={07b52e3e-de2c-5db4-bd2d-ba144ed6c273}
_=/usr/bin/env
[username]:~$ ls
python
[username]:~$ cd python/
[username]:~/python$ ls
managing-python-packages-virtual-environments managing-python-packages-virtual-environments.zip panTestProjects
[username]:~/python$ cd managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/
-bash: cd: managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/: Permission denied
[username]:~/python$ ls
managing-python-packages-virtual-environments managing-python-packages-virtual-environments.zip panTestProjects
[username]:~/python$ sudo cd managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/
[sudo] password for panxi:
sudo: cd: command not found
[username]:~/python$ ls -l
total 1020
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Feb 2 09:43 managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
---------- 1 panxi panxi 1044096 Feb 2 09:30 managing-python-packages-virtual-environments.zip
drwxr-xr-x 1 panxi panxi 512 Jan 20 22:38 panTestProjects
[username]:~/python$ chmod drwxr-xr-x managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
chmod: invalid mode: ‘drwxr-xr-x’
Try 'chmod --help' for more information.
[username]:~/python$ chmod u+rwxr managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
[username]:~/python$ ls -l
total 1020
drwx------ 1 panxi panxi 512 Feb 2 09:43 managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
---------- 1 panxi panxi 1044096 Feb 2 09:30 managing-python-packages-virtual-environments.zip
drwxr-xr-x 1 panxi panxi 512 Jan 20 22:38 panTestProjects
[username]:~/python$ chmod g+rwxr managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
[username]:~/python$ ls -l
total 1020
drwxrwx--- 1 panxi panxi 512 Feb 2 09:43 managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
---------- 1 panxi panxi 1044096 Feb 2 09:30 managing-python-packages-virtual-environments.zip
drwxr-xr-x 1 panxi panxi 512 Jan 20 22:38 panTestProjects
[username]:~/python$ cd managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ ls
02 03 04 05 demos
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ cd 02
-bash: cd: 02: Permission denied
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ ls -l
total 0
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 02
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 03
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 04
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 05
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 demos
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ chmod u+rwxr,g+rwxr 02
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ ls -l
total 0
drwxrwx--- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 02
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 03
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 04
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 05
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Aug 20 2021 demos
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ cd 02
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02$ ls
demos managing-python-packages-with-pip-slides.pdf
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02$ cd demos/
-bash: cd: demos/: Permission denied
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02$ chmod u+rwxr,g+rwxr demos/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02$ ls
demos managing-python-packages-with-pip-slides.pdf
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02$ cd demos/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos$ ls -l
total 0
d--------- 1 panxi panxi 512 Dec 28 2018 m2_pip
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos$ cd m2_pip/
-bash: cd: m2_pip/: Permission denied
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos$ chmod u+rwxr,g+rwxr m2_pip/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos$ cd m2_pip/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ ls
get_rates.py
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ ls -l
total 0
---------- 1 panxi panxi 121 Dec 28 2018 get_rates.py
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ chmod u+rwxr,g+rwxr get_rates.py
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ py -V
Command 'py' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install pythonpy
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ python -V
Command 'python' not found, did you mean:
command 'python3' from deb python3
command 'python' from deb python-is-python3
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ python3 -V
Python 3.8.10
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ python3 get_rates.py
{
"success": false,
"error": {
"code": 101,
"type": "missing_access_key",
"info": "You have not supplied an API Access Key. [Required format: access_key=YOUR_ACCESS_KEY]"
}
}
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ cat get_rates.py
import requests
response = requests.get(
"https://api.exchangeratesapi.io/latest?symbols=USD")
print(response.text)
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02/demos/m2_pip$ cd ../..
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/02$ cd ..
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ chmod --help
Usage: chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
or: chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
or: chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
With --reference, change the mode of each FILE to that of RFILE.
-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made
-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
--no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default)
--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/'
--reference=RFILE use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values
-R, --recursive change files and directories recursively
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Each MODE is of the form '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=][0-7]+'.
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report chmod translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Full documentation at: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/chmod>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) chmod invocation'
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ cd ..
[username]:~/python$ chmod -R u+rwxr,g+rwxr managing-python-packages-virtual-environments
[username]:~/python$ cd managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ ls
02 03 04 05 demos
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments$ cd demos/
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ ls
babel_demo.py
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 babel_demo.py
In the Netherlands we write 12,345,678 as 12.345.678
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ cat babel_demo.py
from babel.numbers import format_number
number = 12345678
print("In the Netherlands we write",
format_number(number, locale="en_US"),
"as",
format_number(number, locale="nl_NL"))
[username]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$
pip installed package location: how to find it:
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ cat babel_demo.py
from babel.numbers import format_number
number = 12345678
print("In the Netherlands we write",
format_number(number, locale="en_US"),
"as",
format_number(number, locale="nl_NL"))
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ ls
babel_demo.py
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python
Command 'python' not found, did you mean:
command 'python3' from deb python3
command 'python' from deb python-is-python3
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3
Python 3.8.10 (default, Nov 14 2022, 12:59:47)
[GCC 9.4.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/lib/python38.zip', '/usr/lib/python3.8', '/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload', '/home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages', '/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages']
>>>
KeyboardInterrupt
>>> exit
Use exit() or Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
>>>
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ pip show babel
Name: Babel
Version: 2.11.0
Summary: Internationalization utilities
Home-page: https://babel.pocoo.org/
Author: Armin Ronacher
Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
License: BSD
Location: /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages
Requires: pytz
Required-by:
install package by pip better specify the python version: to install package at the target location if you have multi python in you system
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ pip install --upgrade pip
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (22.3.1)
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-23.0-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 2.1/2.1 MB 3.4 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: pip
Attempting uninstall: pip
Found existing installation: pip 22.3.1
Uninstalling pip-22.3.1:
Successfully uninstalled pip-22.3.1
Successfully installed pip-23.0
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ pip show pip
Name: pip
Version: 23.0
Summary: The PyPA recommended tool for installing Python packages.
Home-page: https://pip.pypa.io/
Author: The pip developers
Author-email: distutils-sig@python.org
License: MIT
Location: /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages
Requires:
Required-by:
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ pip install babel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: babel in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (2.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2015.7 in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from babel) (2022.7.1)
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python -m pip install babel
Command 'python' not found, did you mean:
command 'python3' from deb python3
command 'python' from deb python-is-python3
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip install babel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: babel in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (2.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2015.7 in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from babel) (2022.7.1)
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3
Python 3.8.10 (default, Nov 14 2022, 12:59:47)
[GCC 9.4.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/lib/python38.zip', '/usr/lib/python3.8', '/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload', '/home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages', '/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages']
>>>
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip install -U babel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Requirement already satisfied: babel in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (2.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2015.7 in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from babel) (2022.7.1)
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ ^C
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$
using pip to install package: better using user location than system location to provent system location dirty for all project:
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip show babel Name: Babel Version: 2.11.0 Summary: Internationalization utilities Home-page: https://babel.pocoo.org/ Author: Armin Ronacher Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com License: BSD Location: /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages Requires: pytz Required-by: [user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip install --user babel Requirement already satisfied: babel in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (2.11.0) Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2015.7 in /home/panxi/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from babel) (2022.7.1) [user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$
pip install location: from pypi on internet
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip help
Usage:
/usr/bin/python3 -m pip <command> [options]
Commands:
install Install packages.
download Download packages.
uninstall Uninstall packages.
freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.
inspect Inspect the python environment.
list List installed packages.
show Show information about installed packages.
check Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
config Manage local and global configuration.
search Search PyPI for packages.
cache Inspect and manage pip's wheel cache.
index Inspect information available from package indexes.
wheel Build wheels from your requirements.
hash Compute hashes of package archives.
completion A helper command used for command completion.
debug Show information useful for debugging.
help Show help for commands.
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--debug Let unhandled exceptions propagate outside the main subroutine, instead of logging them
to stderr.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
--require-virtualenv Allow pip to only run in a virtual environment; exit with an error otherwise.
--python <python> Run pip with the specified Python interpreter.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--no-input Disable prompting for input.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form scheme://[user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
(a)bort.
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle. If provided, overrides the default. See 'SSL
Certificate Verification' in pip documentation for more information.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored output.
--no-python-version-warning
Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.
--use-feature <feature> Enable new functionality, that may be backward incompatible.
--use-deprecated <feature> Enable deprecated functionality, that will be removed in the future.
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip help list
Usage:
/usr/bin/python3 -m pip list [options]
Description:
List installed packages, including editables.
Packages are listed in a case-insensitive sorted order.
List Options:
-o, --outdated List outdated packages
-u, --uptodate List uptodate packages
-e, --editable List editable projects.
-l, --local If in a virtualenv that has global access, do not list globally-installed packages.
--user Only output packages installed in user-site.
--path <path> Restrict to the specified installation path for listing packages (can be used multiple
times).
--pre Include pre-release and development versions. By default, pip only finds stable
versions.
--format <list_format> Select the output format among: columns (default), freeze, or json
--not-required List packages that are not dependencies of installed packages.
--exclude-editable Exclude editable package from output.
--include-editable Include editable package from output.
--exclude <package> Exclude specified package from the output
Package Index Options:
-i, --index-url <url> Base URL of the Python Package Index (default https://pypi.org/simple). This should
point to a repository compliant with PEP 503 (the simple repository API) or a local
directory laid out in the same format.
--extra-index-url <url> Extra URLs of package indexes to use in addition to --index-url. Should follow the same
rules as --index-url.
--no-index Ignore package index (only looking at --find-links URLs instead).
-f, --find-links <url> If a URL or path to an html file, then parse for links to archives such as sdist
(.tar.gz) or wheel (.whl) files. If a local path or file:// URL that's a directory, then
look for archives in the directory listing. Links to VCS project URLs are not supported.
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--debug Let unhandled exceptions propagate outside the main subroutine, instead of logging them
to stderr.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
--require-virtualenv Allow pip to only run in a virtual environment; exit with an error otherwise.
--python <python> Run pip with the specified Python interpreter.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--no-input Disable prompting for input.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form scheme://[user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
(a)bort.
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle. If provided, overrides the default. See 'SSL
Certificate Verification' in pip documentation for more information.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored output.
--no-python-version-warning
Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.
--use-feature <feature> Enable new functionality, that may be backward incompatible.
--use-deprecated <feature> Enable deprecated functionality, that will be removed in the future.
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$ python3 -m pip list -o
Package Version Latest Type
------------------- ------------- --------- -----
attrs 19.3.0 22.2.0 wheel
Automat 0.8.0 22.10.0 wheel
blinker 1.4 1.5 wheel
certifi 2019.11.28 2022.12.7 wheel
chardet 3.0.4 5.1.0 wheel
Click 7.0 8.1.3 wheel
colorama 0.4.3 0.4.6 wheel
configobj 5.0.6 5.0.8 wheel
cryptography 2.8 39.0.0 wheel
dbus-python 1.2.16 1.3.2 sdist
distro 1.4.0 1.8.0 wheel
distro-info 0.23ubuntu1 1.0 wheel
entrypoints 0.3 0.4 wheel
httplib2 0.14.0 0.21.0 wheel
hyperlink 19.0.0 21.0.0 wheel
idna 2.8 3.4 wheel
importlib-metadata 1.5.0 6.0.0 wheel
incremental 16.10.1 22.10.0 wheel
Jinja2 2.10.1 3.1.2 wheel
jsonpatch 1.22 1.32 wheel
jsonpointer 2.0 2.3 wheel
jsonschema 3.2.0 4.17.3 wheel
keyring 18.0.1 23.13.1 wheel
launchpadlib 1.10.13 1.11.0 wheel
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.2 0.14.5 wheel
lazr.uri 1.0.3 1.0.6 sdist
MarkupSafe 1.1.0 2.1.2 wheel
more-itertools 4.2.0 9.0.0 wheel
netifaces 0.10.4 0.11.0 wheel
numpy 1.22.0 1.24.1 wheel
oauthlib 3.1.0 3.2.2 wheel
pandas 1.4.0 1.5.3 wheel
pexpect 4.6.0 4.8.0 wheel
pyasn1 0.4.2 0.4.8 wheel
pyasn1-modules 0.2.1 0.2.8 wheel
PyGObject 3.36.0 3.42.2 sdist
PyHamcrest 1.9.0 2.0.4 wheel
PyJWT 1.7.1 2.6.0 wheel
PyNaCl 1.3.0 1.5.0 wheel
pyOpenSSL 19.0.0 23.0.0 wheel
pyrsistent 0.15.5 0.19.3 wheel
pyserial 3.4 3.5 wheel
python-debian 0.1.36ubuntu1 0.1.49 wheel
PyYAML 5.3.1 6.0 wheel
requests 2.22.0 2.28.2 wheel
requests-unixsocket 0.2.0 0.3.0 wheel
SecretStorage 2.3.1 3.3.3 wheel
service-identity 18.1.0 21.1.0 wheel
setuptools 45.2.0 67.1.0 wheel
simplejson 3.16.0 3.18.1 wheel
six 1.14.0 1.16.0 wheel
ssh-import-id 5.10 5.11 sdist
Twisted 18.9.0 22.10.0 wheel
urllib3 1.25.8 1.26.14 wheel
wadllib 1.3.3 1.3.6 sdist
wheel 0.34.2 0.38.4 wheel
zipp 1.0.0 3.12.0 wheel
zope.interface 4.7.1 5.5.2 wheel
[user]:~/python/managing-python-packages-virtual-environments/demos$
course: Managing Python Packages and Virtual Environments | Pluralsight
globally vs user folder
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