字典建模：井字游戏

井字游戏

theBoard = {'top-L': " ", 'top-M': " ", 'top-R': " ",
            'mid-L': " ", 'mid-M': " ", 'mid-R': " ",
            'low-L': " ", 'low-M': " ", 'low-R': " "}
def printBoard(board):
    print(board['top-L'] + '|' + board['top-M'] + '|' + board['top-R'])
    print('-+-+-')
    print(board['mid-L'] + '|' + board['mid-M'] + '|' + board['mid-R'])
    print('-+-+-')
    print(board['low-L'] + '|' + board['low-M'] + '|' + board['low-R'])
turn = 'X'
for i in range(9):
    printBoard(theBoard)
    print('Turn for ' + turn + '.Move on which space?')
    move = input()
    theBoard[move] = turn
    if turn == 'X':
        turn = 'O'
    else:
        turn = 'X'

printBoard(theBoard)

完整版

 

# Tic Tac Toe, by Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
# The classic board game.

ALL_SPACES = list('123456789') # The keys for a TTT board dictionary.
X, O, BLANK = 'X', 'O', ' ' # Constants for string values.

def main():
    """Runs a game of Tic Tac Toe."""
    print('Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!')
    gameBoard = getBlankBoard() # Create a TTT board dictionary.
    currentPlayer, nextPlayer = X, O # X goes first, O goes next.

    while True:
        print(getBoardStr(gameBoard)) # Display the board on the screen.

        # Keep asking the player until they enter a number 1-9:
        move = None
        while not isValidSpace(gameBoard, move):
            print('What is {}\'s move? (1-9)'.format(currentPlayer))
            move = input()
        updateBoard(gameBoard, move, currentPlayer) # Make the move.

        # Check if the game is over:
        if isWinner(gameBoard, currentPlayer): # First check for victory.
            print(getBoardStr(gameBoard))
            print(currentPlayer + ' has won the game!')
            break
        elif isBoardFull(gameBoard): # Next check for a tie.
            print(getBoardStr(gameBoard))
            print('The game is a tie!')
            break
        currentPlayer, nextPlayer = nextPlayer, currentPlayer # Swap turns.
    print('Thanks for playing!')

def getBlankBoard():
    """Create a new, blank tic tac toe board."""
    board = {} # The board is represented as a Python dictionary.
    for space in ALL_SPACES:
        board[space] = BLANK # All spaces start as blank.
    return board

def getBoardStr(board):
    """Return a text-representation of the board."""
    return '''
      {}|{}|{}  1 2 3
      -+-+-
      {}|{}|{}  4 5 6
      -+-+-
      {}|{}|{}  7 8 9'''.format(board['1'], board['2'], board['3'], board['4'], board['5'], board['6'], board['7'], board['8'], board['9'])

def isValidSpace(board, space):
    """Returns True if the space on the board is a valid space number
    and the space is blank."""
    return space in ALL_SPACES and board[space] == BLANK

def isWinner(board, player):
    """Return True if player is a winner on this TTTBoard."""
    b, p = board, player # Shorter names as "syntactic sugar".
    # Check for 3 marks across the 3 rows, 3 columns, and 2 diagonals.
    return ((b['1'] == b['2'] == b['3'] == p) or # Across the top
            (b['4'] == b['5'] == b['6'] == p) or # Across the middle
            (b['7'] == b['8'] == b['9'] == p) or # Across the bottom
            (b['1'] == b['4'] == b['7'] == p) or # Down the left
            (b['2'] == b['5'] == b['8'] == p) or # Down the middle
            (b['3'] == b['6'] == b['9'] == p) or # Down the right
            (b['3'] == b['5'] == b['7'] == p) or # Diagonal
            (b['1'] == b['5'] == b['9'] == p))   # Diagonal

def isBoardFull(board):
    """Return True if every space on the board has been taken."""
    for space in ALL_SPACES:
        if board[space] == BLANK:
            return False # If a single space is blank, return False.
    return True # No spaces are blank, so return True.

def updateBoard(board, space, mark):
    """Sets the space on the board to mark."""
    board[space] = mark

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main() # Call main() if this module is run, but not when imported.

 

 

参考资料：

http://inventwithpython.com/chapter10.html