VScode 配置为 LaTeX 编辑器(IDE)

VScode 配置为 LaTeX IDE

在Windows中,配置VScode作为LaTeX的编辑器(IDE),并使用SumatraPDF预览PDF文件。主要是LaTeX Workshop扩展的设置,如果要使用外部的PDF阅读器,则还需要设置SumatraPDF。

安装扩展

ctrl+shift+x调出应用商店,搜索并安装LaTeX Workshop扩展:

配置LaTeX Workshop

LaTeX文件.tex的编译、预览、辅助文件的清理等都在扩展latex workshop中设置。

LaTeX Workshop中,编译LaTeX文件时顺序执行的一系列/组命令称为LaTeX食谱(recipes),定义在latex-workshop.latex.recipes。缺省情况,LaTeX Workshop包含2个基本的食谱,分别由latex-workshop.latex.recipeslatex-workshop.latex.Tools定义。第一个食谱的tools域中的工具定义在第二个食谱。latex workshop的参数含义见LaTeX Workshop的配置文件"package.json"或https://github.com/James-Yu/LaTeX-Workshop/wiki/Compile#latex-recipes了解配置情况。

LaTeX Workshop默认的编译方式为latexmkpdflatex。如下配置修改了latex workshop的编译方式、预览、辅助文件等。特别添加了xelatex及包含bib时的编译。

ctrl+shift+p ->settings->首选项:打开用户设置(Json),在settings.json中添加如下内容:

"latex-workshop.showContextMenu":true,                //右键菜单
"latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true,  //根据加载的包,自动完成命令或包  
"latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never",        //禁止保存文件时自动build  
"latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [  
  {  
    "name": "latexmk",  
    "tools": [  
      "latexmk"  
    ]  
  },  
  {  
    "name": "PDFlatex",  
    "tools": [  
      "pdflatex"  
    ]  
  },  
  {  
    "name": "pdflatex ->žž bibtex ->žž pdflatex2",  
    "tools": [  
      "pdflatex",  
      "bibtex",  
      "pdflatex",  
      "pdflatex"  
    ]  
  },  
  {  
    "name": "xelatex",  
    "tools": [  
      "xelatex"  
    ]  
  },  
  {  
    "name": "xelatex -> bibtex -> xelatex",  
    "tools": [  
      "xelatex",  
      "bibtex",  
      "xelatex",  
    ]  
  }  
],  
"latex-workshop.latex.tools":[  
  {  
    "name": "latexmk",  
    "command": "latexmk",  
    "args": [  
      "-synctex=1",  
      "-interaction=nonstopmode",  
      "-file-line-error",  
      "-pdf",  
      "-outdir=%OUTDIR%",  
      "%DOC%"  
    ],  
    "env": {}  
    },  
    {  
    "name": "pdflatex",  
    "command": "pdflatex",  
    "args": [  
      "-synctex=1",  
      "-interaction=nonstopmode",  
      "-file-line-error",  
      "%DOC%"  
    ],  
    "env": {}  
    },  
    {  
    "name": "xelatex",  
    "command": "xelatex",  
    "args": [  
      "-synctex=1",  
      "-interaction=nonstopmode",  
      "-file-line-error",  
      "%DOC%"  
    ],  
    "env": {}  
    },  
    {  
    "name": "bibtex",  
    "command": "bibtex",  
    "args": [  
      "%DOCFILE%"  
    ],  
    "env": {}  
    }  
],  
"latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [  //设定清理文件的类型  
  "*.aux",  
  "*.bbl",  
  "*.blg",  
  "*.idx",  
  "*.ind",  
  "*.lof",  
  "*.lot",  
  "*.out",  
  "*.toc",  
  "*.acn",  
  "*.acr",  
  "*.alg",  
  "*.glg",  
  "*.glo",  
  "*.gls",  
  "*.ist",  
  "*.fls",  
  "*.log",  
  "*.fdb_latexmk",  
  "*.nav",  
  "*.snm",  
  "*.synctex.gz"  
],  
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"tab",    //pdf文件的预览方式

快捷键

打开键盘快捷方式面板(左下侧齿轮,或快捷键ctrl+k,ctrl+s):

  • 搜索"切换侧栏可见性",设置快捷键为ctrl+k ctrl+b
  • 搜索 latex build,将默认的ctrl+alt+b替换为ctrl+b(与Sublime Text 3统一)。
  • 搜索latex recipe,设置快捷键为ctlr+r,方便点菜(选择编译方式)!(ST3中是显示文档大纲)。
  • 其他常用的快捷键:
    • ctrl+k ctrl+a: 切换活动栏可见性(左侧图标开关)
    • ctrl+alt+x:显示LaTeX面板(左侧编译命令面板和文档大纲)。
    • ctrl+alt+c:清除辅助文件
    • ctrl+alt+v:查看编译的pdf文件(预览)
    • ctrl+alt+j:正向搜索。当设置"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer": "tab";时,在LaTeX源文件中按下快捷键,定位到PDF文档相应位置。(反向搜索见后面)

一些快捷处理

根据latex-workshop.latex.recipes中的name段设定,可在.tex文件首行指定编译方式。如%!TEX program = xelatex表示用xelatex编译文件,而%!TEX program = PDFlatex表示用latexpdf编译文件。多个文件情况,还可以用% !TEX root指定主文件,% !TEX bib指定bib的编译方式。

示例

%! TeX program = pdflatex
\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}
    press ctrl+b to complie,press ctrl+alt+v to view pdf
\end{document}

设置LaTeX文件和PDF文件之间的正/反向搜索

正向搜索是指按某种方式操作源文件中的部分,会在PDF文件中立即到达对应的部分。反向搜索就是在PDF文档的正文中某个位置点击,光标会定位到源文件的相应位置。正反向搜索十分方便文档错误的修改。反向搜索需要用到SumatraPDF软件(或Zathura)。

SumatraPDF软件是一款小巧强悍的PDF阅读器,是免费开源软件。国内有多个PDF阅读器基于SumatraPDF修改而来。SumatraPDF官方下载地址:
https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org/download-free-pdf-viewer.html
根据自己电脑操作系统,选择相应的软件下载并安装。

下面操作的一些说明:

  • 我的VScode文件位置:
    • VScode.exe在D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode文件夹
    • 扩展安装在D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/
      即将默认的%USERPROFILE%\.vscode%APPDATA%\Code转移到了D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode文件夹中,然后建立了联接:
      • mklink /J "%USERPROFILE%\.vscode" ".vscode"
      • mklink /J ""%APPDATA%\Code"" "Code"
  • 将SumatraPDF.exe复制到D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/,后面的设置只是针对这个位置的SumatraPDF.exe,设置不会影响其他位置的SumatraPDF.exe。因为我有时会使用Sumblime Text3,默认的SumatraPDF.exe已经对其设置。
  • 使用下面的设置,需要修改其中的VScode.exe、cli.js、SumatraPDF.exe这三个文件的路径为自己电脑对应的路径。

步骤如下:

  1. 打开设置文件settings.json,添加如下设置(注意查找重复的配置项,如前面的配置中最后一行有latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer,用下面的替换):
    // 设置预览方式
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"external",
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.ref.viewer":"external",
    // 设置外部PDF预览器
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.args": [
        "%PDF%"
    ],
    // 配置Syntex的正向搜索(这是官网的)
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.args": [
        "-forward-search",
        "%TEX%",
        "%LINE%",
        "-reuse-instance",
        "-inverse-search",
        "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/Code.exe D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/resources/app/out/cli.js -r -g %f:%l",
        "%PDF%"
    ],
    
  2. 配置反向搜索(PDF->Latex源文件)
    反向搜索在SumatraPDF中设置。打开SumatraPDF,进入设置->选项 对话框,在“设置反向搜索命令行”处填入如下内容(是一行内容,不是2行!):
    "D:\ProgramFiles\Coding\VSCode\Code.exe" "D:\ProgramFiles\Coding\VSCode\resources\app\out\cli.js" -r -g "%f:%l"
    双击PDF中的任意一处即可跳转到VSCode中所对应的内容的源代码处
  3. 反向搜索的使用:打开一个已经编译的TeX文件,ctrl+alt+v打开PDF文件。在PDF文件中的某行文字处,双击鼠标左键,会切换到了源文件的相应位置。如果点击的是公式、图等,可能不会正确返回。
  4. 正向搜索的使用:将光标移动到TeX文件的正文。ctrl+alt+x,找到"navigator,select and edit",点击第一项"syncTeX from cursor"(或右键选择,或快捷键ctrl+alt+j),会切换到PDF文件的相应位置。
  5. 如果不成功,检查路径设置,或者文件名错误。正反向搜索用到了.synctex.gz文件,不能删除。

参考文章

Viewing & Synctex
使用VSCode编写LaTeX

最后的设置(sumatraPDF预览+正反搜索)

    "latex-workshop.showContextMenu":true,
    "latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true,  //根据加载的包,自动完成命令或包
    "latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never",        //禁止保存文件时自动build
    "latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [
      {
        "name": "latexmk",
        "tools": [
          "latexmk"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "PDFlatex",
        "tools": [
          "pdflatex"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "pdflatex ->žž bibtex ->žž pdflatex2",
        "tools": [
          "pdflatex",
          "bibtex",
          "pdflatex",
          "pdflatex"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "xelatex",
        "tools": [
          "xelatex"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "xelatex -> bibtex -> xelatex*2",
        "tools": [
          "xelatex",
          "bibtex",
          "xelatex",
          "xelatex"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "latex-workshop.latex.tools":[
      {
        "name": "latexmk",
        "command": "latexmk",
        "args": [
          "-synctex=1",
          "-interaction=nonstopmode",
          "-file-line-error",
          "-pdf",
          "-outdir=%OUTDIR%",
          "%DOC%"
        ],
        "env": {}
        },
        {
        "name": "pdflatex",
        "command": "pdflatex",
        "args": [
          "-synctex=1",
          "-interaction=nonstopmode",
          "-file-line-error",
          "%DOC%"
        ],
        "env": {}
        },
        {
        "name": "xelatex",
        "command": "xelatex",
        "args": [
          "-synctex=1",
          "-interaction=nonstopmode",
          "-file-line-error",
          "%DOC%"
        ],
        "env": {}
        },
        {
        "name": "bibtex",
        "command": "bibtex",
        "args": [
          "%DOCFILE%"
        ],
        "env": {}
        }
    ],
    //"latex-workshop.latex.autoClean.run": "onBuilt",
    "latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [
      "*.aux",
      "*.bbl",
      "*.blg",
      "*.idx",
      "*.ind",
      "*.lof",
      "*.lot",
      "*.out",
      "*.toc",
      "*.acn",
      "*.acr",
      "*.alg",
      "*.glg",
      "*.glo",
      "*.gls",
      "*.ist",
      "*.fls",
      "*.log",
      "*.fdb_latexmk",
      "*.nav",
      "*.snm",
      "*.synctex.gz",
      "*.bcf",
      "*.run.xml"
    ],
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"external",
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.ref.viewer":"external",
    // 设置外部PDF预览器
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.args": [
        "%PDF%"
    ],
    // 配置Syntex的正向搜索(Latex->PDF)
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
    "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.args": [
      "-forward-search",
      "%TEX%",
      "%LINE%",
      "-reuse-instance",
      "-inverse-search",
      "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/code D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/resources/app/out/cli.js -r -g %f:%l",
      "%PDF%"
    ],

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posted @ 2019-11-03 12:08  hzworld  阅读(15888)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报