Linux学习 第十周

1. 二进制安装MySQL5.7

Mysql5.7下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

创建mysql用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql

创建数据目录并授权

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

解压二进制目录，创建配置文件并对数据库进行初始化

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]    
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]    
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
2022-03-11T14:38:53.751932Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-03-11T14:38:53.960341Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-03-11T14:38:53.995089Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-03-11T14:38:54.065606Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f9b394f3-a148-11ec-ab38-000c29ac5864.
2022-03-11T14:38:54.066793Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-03-11T14:38:54.427402Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-03-11T14:38:54.549650Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,lIslC6aog(E
#,lIslC6aog(E为root@localhost第一次登录的随机密码　

添加mysql环境变量

[root@localhost local]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/src/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost local]# . /etc/profile

准备服务脚本，并启动服务

[root@localhost local]# mv /etc/init.d/mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost local]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost local]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
 SUCCESS!  
[root@localhost local]# ss -ntl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port                Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                *:22                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100        127.0.0.1:25                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      80                :::3306                          :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128               :::22                            :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100              ::1:25                            :::*                  

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p,lIslC6aog\(E
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.33

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>　　

 

2. 编译安装mysql5.7

mysql5.7源码下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

准备用户和数据目录

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql

安装相关依赖包并解压

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ cmake bison bison-devel zlib-devel libcurl-devel libarchive-devel boost-devel ncurses-devel \
gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libe
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.29-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

源码编译安装 MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.37.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.37]# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.37/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.37]# cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/apps/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/ \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_MROONGA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system \
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/root/mysql-5.7.22/boost/boost_1_59_0

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.37]# make && make install

cmake时报错

CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:88 (MESSAGE):
  You can download it with -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=<directory>

  This CMake script will look for boost in <directory>.  If it is not there,
  it will download and unpack it (in that directory) for you.

  If you are inside a firewall, you may need to use an http proxy:

  export http_proxy=http://example.com:80

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  cmake/boost.cmake:276 (COULD_NOT_FIND_BOOST)
  CMakeLists.txt:536 (INCLUDE)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.37/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "/usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.37/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".

解决方法：
用find找到文件 boost_1_59_0

在cmake时添加：
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=<boost_1_59_0文件路径> 

添加环境变量

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# echo 'PATH=/apps/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.22]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.shs　

生成数据文件　

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/apps/data
2022-03-11T16:38:02.745537Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-03-11T16:38:02.985167Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-03-11T16:38:03.018946Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-03-11T16:38:03.083448Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 9ed9228d-a159-11ec-8464-000c29f5b49d.
2022-03-11T16:38:03.084671Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-03-11T16:38:03.085722Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: +-gXAf721Toj

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/apps/data/mysql
#socket=/apps/mysql/mysql/mysql.sock
datadir=/data/mysql

[mysqld_safe]

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

准备启动脚本,并启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# cp /apps/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start　

连接数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p+-gXAf721Toj
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

　　

3. 二进制安装mariadb10.4

mariadb二进制包下载地址：https://mariadb.org/download/?t=mariadb&p=mariadb&r=10.4.24

创建mysql用户和组，相关目录

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /data/mysql　

　　

 解压mariadb的tar包

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf mariadb-10.4.24-linux-systemd-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -s src/mariadb-10.4.24-linux-systemd-x86_64 mysql

初始化相关数据

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld.server
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld.server
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld.server start
Starting mysqld.server (via systemctl):                    [  OK  ]
[root@localhost bin]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

　　

登录数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.4.24-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>