Linux学习 第四周
1. 自建yum仓库,分别为网络源和本地源
- 创建本地源
首先先把版本相应的镜像挂载上去

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/ mount: /mnt: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only. [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/CentOS8;cp -rvf /mnt/* /opt/CentOS8 [root@localhost ~]# ls /opt/CentOS8/ CentOS_BuildTag GPL LiveOS RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 EFI images Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7 EULA isolinux repodata TRANS.TBL
然后创建repo文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///opt/CentOS8
gpgcheck=0
enable=1
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
centos 3.6 MB/s | 3.6 kB 00:00
Metadata cache created.
- 自建网络源仓库
首先安装httpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd
在/var/www/html/目录下创建存放包的文件夹,并且把包拷贝到该文件夹下
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/centos/{7,8} [root@localhost ~]# cp -rvf /mnt/* /var/www/html/centos/8
创建repo文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo [BaseOS] name=BaseOS baseurl=http://192.168.237.8/centos/8/BaseOS gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial [AppStream] name=AppStream baseurl=http://192.168.237.8/centos/8/AppStream gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
BaseOS 2.7 MB/s 3.9 kB 00:00
ppStream 4.2 MB/s 4.3 kB 00:00
centos 3.6 MB/s 3.6 kB 00:00
Metadata cache created.
2. 编译安装http2.4,实现可以正常访问,并将编译步骤和结果提交。
首先要先装上相应的包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc make autoconf apr-devel apr-util-devel pcredevel openssl-devel redhat-rpm-config-125-1.el8.noarch
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://dlcdn.apache.org//httpd/httpd-2.4.51.tar.gz
--2021-12-14 05:29:26-- https://dlcdn.apache.org//httpd/httpd-2.4.51.tar.gz
Resolving dlcdn.apache.org (dlcdn.apache.org)... 151.101.2.132, 2a04:4e42::644
Connecting to dlcdn.apache.org (dlcdn.apache.org)|151.101.2.132|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 9873874 (9.4M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘httpd-2.4.51.tar.gz’
httpd-2.4.51.tar.gz 100%[============================>] 9.42M 15.0MB/s in 0.6s
2021-12-14 05:29:28 (15.0 MB/s) - ‘httpd-2.4.51.tar.gz’ saved [9873874/9873874]
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xvf httpd-2.4.51.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
通过./configure --help命令可以看到很多选项可以添加,再次选择默认,开始编译安装httpd,安装完成后启动
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.51]# make && make install
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.51]# cd /usr/local/httpd/bin
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.51]# ./apachectl
启动成功

3. 利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.51]# ifconfig ens33 | sed -r -n '2s/.*inet ([1-9.]+).*/\1/p' 192.168.237.28
4. 删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头,后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符
[root@localhost ~]# sed -r -i 's/^(#[[:space:]]?)(.*)/\2/g' cat /etc/fstab [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab /etc/fstab Created by anaconda on Fri Nov 5 11:11:46 2021 Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'. See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info. After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd units generated from this file. /dev/mapper/cl-root / xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=702357c7-0dab-49b1-8339-a495f7d2f8cb /boot xfs defaults 0 0 /dev/mapper/cl-swap none swap defaults 0 0
处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名
取去目录名 [root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/fstab | sed -rn 's#(^/.*/)([^/]+/?)#\1#p' /etc/ 取文件名 [root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/fstab | sed -rn 's#(^/.*/)([^/]+/?)#\2#p' fstab
列出ubuntu软件管理工具apt的一些用法(自由总结)
| update | 更新软件包列表 |
| upgrade | 升级系统中的所有软件包 |
| install | 安装软件包 |
| remove | 卸载软件包 |
| autoremove | 仅删除不需要再次下载的软件包 |
| purge | 彻底删除软件包(包括配置文件) |
| source | 下载源代码 |
| build-dep | 自动下载安装编译某个软件所需要的软件包 |
| dist-upgrade | 升级整个发行版 |
| dselect-upgrade | 安装dselect的选择进行升级 |
| clean | 删除本地缓存的所有升级包 |
| autoclean | 删除本地缓存中无用的软件包 |
| check | 检查是否存在有问题的依赖关系 |

浙公网安备 33010602011771号