What's New in ASP.NET 2.0?
ASP.NET is a programming framework built on the common language runtime that can be used on a server to build powerful Web applications. The first version of ASP.NET offered several important advantages over previous Web development models//网页开发模型. ASP.NET 2.0 improves upon that foundation //基础,根据,建立by adding support for several new and exciting features in the areas of developer productivity//生产率, administration and management//管理, extensibility//扩展性, and performance//性能:
Developer Productivity
ASP.NET 2.0 encapsulates //囊入common Web tasks into application services and controls that can be easily reused //重复使用across web sites. With these basic building blocks//建筑模块, many scenarios//情节,剧本 can now be implemented with far less custom code than was required in previous versions. With ASP.NET 2.0 it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of code and concepts//概念 necessary to build common scenarios //情节,剧本on the web.- New Server Controls. ASP.NET 2.0 introduces many new server controls that enable powerful declarative //声明的support for data access, login security, wizard navigation, menus, treeviews, portals//入口, and more. Many of these controls take advantage of core application services in ASP.NET for scenarios like data access, membership//成员资格,会员资格 and roles, and personalization. Some of the new families of controls in ASP.NET 2.0 are described below.
- Data Controls. Data access in ASP.NET 2.0 can be accomplished completely declaratively (no code) using the new data-bound and data source controls//数据绑定和数据源控件. There are new data source controls to represent different data backends such as SQL database, business objects, and XML, and there are new data-bound controls for rendering //提供common UI for data, such as gridview, detailsview, and formview..
- Navigation Controls. The navigation controls provide common UI for navigating between pages in your site, such as treeview, menu, and sitemappath. These controls use the site navigation service in ASP.NET 2.0 to retrieve //取回the custom structure you have defined for your site.
- Login Controls. The new login controls provide the building blocks to add authentication and authorization-based UI to your site, such as login forms, create user forms, password retrieval, and custom UI for logged in users or roles. These controls use the built-in membership//会员 and role services in ASP.NET 2.0 to interact with the user and role information defined for your site.
- Web Part Controls. Web parts are an exciting new family of controls that enable you to add rich//丰富的, personalized content and layout to your site, as well as the ability to edit that content and layout directly from your application pages. These controls rely on the personalization services in ASP.NET 2.0 to provide a unique //独特experience //体验for each user in your application.
- Data Controls. Data access in ASP.NET 2.0 can be accomplished completely declaratively (no code) using the new data-bound and data source controls//数据绑定和数据源控件. There are new data source controls to represent different data backends such as SQL database, business objects, and XML, and there are new data-bound controls for rendering //提供common UI for data, such as gridview, detailsview, and formview..
- Master Pages. This feature provides the ability to define common structure and interface elements for your site, such as a page header, footer, or navigation bar, in a common location called a "master page", to be shared//分享 by many pages in your site. In one simple place you can control the look, feel, and much of functionality for an entire Web site. This improves the maintainability//可维护性 of your site and avoids unnecessary duplication //不必要的复制of code for shared site structure//站点结构 or behavior.
- Themes and Skins. The themes and skins features in ASP.NET 2.0 allow for easy customization//用户化,专用化,定制 of your site's look-and-feel. You can define style information in a common location called a "theme", and apply that style information globally to pages or controls in your site. Like Master Pages, this improves the maintainability//可维护性 of your site and avoid unnecessary duplication of code//不必要的代码复制 for shared styles.
- Personalization. Using the new personalization services in ASP.NET 2.0 you can easily create customized experiences//用户化的体验 within Web applications. The Profile //基本资料object enables developers to easily build strongly-typed, sticky data stores for user accounts and build highly customized, relationship based experiences. At the same time, a developer can leverage//杠杆作用 Web Parts and the personalization service to enable Web site visitors to completely control the layout //布置and behavior of the site, with the knowledge that the site is completely customized for them. Personalizaton scenarios //情节,剧情are now easier to build than ever before and require significantly //较大的less code and effort to implement.
- Localization//本地化. Enabling globalization //全球化and localization in Web sites today is difficult, requiring large amounts of custom code and resources. ASP.NET 2.0 and Visual Studio 2005 provide tools and infrastructure//基础结构 to easily build Localizable sites including the ability to auto-detect incoming locale's and display the appropriate locale based UI. Visual Studio 2005 includes built-in tools//内建工具 to dynamically generate resource files //源文件and localization references//参考. Together, building localized applications becomes a simple and integrated part of the development experience//开发过程.
Administration and Management
ASP.NET 2.0 is designed with administration and manageability in mind. We recognize that while simplifying the development experience //简化开发过程is important, deployment and maintenance//开发和维护 in a production environment is also a key component of an application's lifetime//软件的生命周期. ASP.NET 2.0 introduces several new features that further enhance the deployment, management, and operations of ASP.NET servers.- Configuration API//应用编程接口. ASP.NET 2.0 contains new configuration management APIs, enabling users to programmatically build programs or scripts that create, read, and update Web.config and machine.config configuration files.
- ASP.NET MMC //多媒体控制器Admin Tool. ASP.NET 2.0 provides a new comprehensive admin tool that plugs into the existing IIS Administration MMC, enabling an administrator to graphically //用图表表示read or change common settings within our XML configuration files.
- Pre-compilation //预编译Tool. ASP.NET 2.0 delivers//释放 a new application deployment utility that enables both developers and administrators to precompile //预编译a dynamic ASP.NET application prior to deployment. This precompilation automatically identifies any compilation issues anywhere within the site, as well as enables ASP.NET applications to be deployed without any source being stored on the server (one can optionally remove the content of .aspx files as part of the compile phase//相,相位), further protecting your intellectual property.
- Health Monitoring and Tracing//追踪. ASP.NET 2.0 also provides new health-monitoring support to enable administrators to be automatically notified when an application on a server starts to experience problems. New tracing//跟踪 features will enable administrators to capture //抓取,获得run-time and request data from a production server to better diagnose //判断,诊断issues. ASP.NET 2.0 is delivering//递送,释放,表达,交会,接生 features that will enable developers and administrators to simplify the day-to-day management and maintenance of their Web applications.
Flexible //灵活的Extensibility
ASP.NET 2.0 is a well-factored and open system, where any component can be easily replaced with a custom implementation. Whether it is server controls, page handlers, compilation//编译,编辑, or core //核心application services, you'll find that all are easily customizable and replaceable to tailor//定制,裁缝 to your needs. Developers can plug //插入in custom code //暂时理解为定制代码 anywhere in the page lifecycle//生命周期 to further customize ASP.NET 2.0 to their needs.- Provider-driven Application Services. ASP.NET 2.0 now includes built-in //内置support for membership (user name/password credential//国书,凭据,印信 storage) and role management services out of the box. The new personalization service enables quick storage/retrieval of user settings and preferences, facilitating //使...容易rich customization with minimal code. The new site navigation system enables developers to quickly build link structures consistently //一贯地across a site. As all of these services are provider-driven, they can be easily swapped out //换出and replaced with your own custom implementation//实现. With this extensibility option, you have complete control over the data store and schema //图解,计划,模式that drives these rich application services.
- Server Control Extensibility. ASP.NET 2.0 includes improved support for control extensibility//可扩展性, such as more base classes that encapsulate //嵌入,囊入common behaviors, improved designer support, more APIs for interacting with client-side script, metadata-driven//元数据驱动 support for new features like themes//主题 and accessibility verification//确认, better state management, and more.
- Data Source Controls. Data access in ASP.NET 2.0 is now performed declaratively //相当地using data source controls on a page. In this model, support for new data backend storage providers can be easily added by implementing custom data source controls. Additionally, //另外the SqlDataSource control that ships in the box has built-in //内建support for any ADO.NET managed provider that implements the new provider factory model in ADO.NET.
- Compilation Build Providers. Dynamic compilation //动态编译in ASP.NET 2.0 is now handled by extensible //可扩展的compilation build providers, which associate a particular file extension//扩展名 with //与....联系在一起a handler that knows how to compile that extension dynamically at runtime//运行时. For example, .resx files can be dynamically compiled to resources, .wsdl files to web service proxies//代理, and .xsd files to typed DataSet objects. In addition to the built-in support, it is easy to add support for additional extensions by implementing a custom build provider and registering it in Web.config.
- Expression Builders. ASP.NET 2.0 introduces a declarative/宣言的,描述的,说明的 new syntax//语法 for referencing code to substitute //代替values into the page, called Expression Builders. ASP.NET 2.0 includes expression builders for referencing string resources for localization, connection strings, application settings, and profile values. You can also write your own expression builders to create your own custom syntax //语法to substitute//代替 values in a page rendering.//翻译
Performance and Scalability//可量测性
ASP.NET is built to perform, using a compiled execution model for handling page requests //页面请求and running on the world's fastest web server, Internet Information Services. ASP.NET 2.0 also introduces key performance benefits over previous versions.- 64-Bit Support. ASP.NET 2.0 is now 64-bit enabled, meaning it can take advantage of the full memory address space of new 64-bit processors//处理器 and servers. Developers can simply copy existing 32-bit ASP.NET applications onto a 64-bit ASP.NET 2.0 server//服务器 and have them automatically be JIT//<Just-In-Time实时编译> compiled and executed as native 64-bit applications (no source code changes or manual re-compile are required).
- Caching Improvements. ASP.NET 2.0 also now includes automatic database server cache invalidation. This powerful and easy-to-use feature allows developers to aggressively//积极地 output cache database-driven page and partial //部分的page content within a site and have ASP.NET automatically invalidate these cache entries and refresh //刷新the content whenever the back-end database changes. Developers can now safely cache time-critical //时间决定的content for long periods //长的时期without worrying about serving visitors stale //不新鲜的data.
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