Linux shared memory examples

1 mmap

http://www.cse.psu.edu/~deh25/cmpsc473/notes/OSC/Processes/shm.html

shm-posix-producer.c?:

 

/**
 * Simple program demonstrating shared memory in POSIX systems.
 *
 * This is the producer process that writes to the shared memory region.
 *
 * Figure 3.17
 *
 * @author Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne
 * Operating System Concepts  - Ninth Edition
 * Copyright John Wiley & Sons - 2013
 */


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>

int main()
{
	const int SIZE = 4096;
	const char *name = "OS";
	const char *message0= "Studying ";
	const char *message1= "Operating Systems ";
	const char *message2= "Is Fun!";

	int shm_fd;
	void *ptr;

	/* create the shared memory segment */
	shm_fd = shm_open(name, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0666);

	/* configure the size of the shared memory segment */
	ftruncate(shm_fd,SIZE);

	/* now map the shared memory segment in the address space of the process */
	ptr = mmap(0,SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, shm_fd, 0);
	if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
		printf("Map failed\n");
		return -1;
	}

	/**
	 * Now write to the shared memory region.
 	 *
	 * Note we must increment the value of ptr after each write.
	 */
	sprintf(ptr,"%s",message0);
	ptr += strlen(message0);
	sprintf(ptr,"%s",message1);
	ptr += strlen(message1);
	sprintf(ptr,"%s",message2);
	ptr += strlen(message2);

	return 0;
}

===============================

shm-posix-consumer.c:

 

/**
 * Simple program demonstrating shared memory in POSIX systems.
 *
 * This is the consumer process
 *
 * Figure 3.18
 *
 * @author Gagne, Galvin, Silberschatz
 * Operating System Concepts - Ninth Edition
 * Copyright John Wiley & Sons - 2013
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>

int main()
{
	const char *name = "OS";
	const int SIZE = 4096;

	int shm_fd;
	void *ptr;
	int i;

	/* open the shared memory segment */
	shm_fd = shm_open(name, O_RDONLY, 0666);
	if (shm_fd == -1) {
		printf("shared memory failed\n");
		exit(-1);
	}

	/* now map the shared memory segment in the address space of the process */
	ptr = mmap(0,SIZE, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, shm_fd, 0);
	if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
		printf("Map failed\n");
		exit(-1);
	}

	/* now read from the shared memory region */
	printf("%s",ptr);

	/* remove the shared memory segment */
	if (shm_unlink(name) == -1) {
		printf("Error removing %s\n",name);
		exit(-1);
	}

	return 0;
}

 

2

https://users.cs.cf.ac.uk/Dave.Marshall/C/node27.html

 

shm_server.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define SHMSZ     27

main()
{
    char c;
    int shmid;
    key_t key;
    char *shm, *s;

    /*
     * We'll name our shared memory segment
     * "5678".
     */
    key = 5678;

    /*
     * Create the segment.
     */
    if ((shmid = shmget(key, SHMSZ, IPC_CREAT | 0666)) < 0) {
        perror("shmget");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*
     * Now we attach the segment to our data space.
     */
    if ((shm = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0)) == (char *) -1) {
        perror("shmat");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*
     * Now put some things into the memory for the
     * other process to read.
     */
    s = shm;

    for (c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
        *s++ = c;
    *s = NULL;

    /*
     * Finally, we wait until the other process 
     * changes the first character of our memory
     * to '*', indicating that it has read what 
     * we put there.
     */
    while (*shm != '*')
        sleep(1);

    exit(0);
}

shm_client.c

/*
 * shm-client - client program to demonstrate shared memory.
 */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define SHMSZ     27

main()
{
    int shmid;
    key_t key;
    char *shm, *s;

    /*
     * We need to get the segment named
     * "5678", created by the server.
     */
    key = 5678;

    /*
     * Locate the segment.
     */
    if ((shmid = shmget(key, SHMSZ, 0666)) < 0) {
        perror("shmget");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*
     * Now we attach the segment to our data space.
     */
    if ((shm = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0)) == (char *) -1) {
        perror("shmat");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*
     * Now read what the server put in the memory.
     */
    for (s = shm; *s != NULL; s++)
        putchar(*s);
    putchar('\n');

    /*
     * Finally, change the first character of the 
     * segment to '*', indicating we have read 
     * the segment.
     */
    *shm = '*';

    exit(0);
}