CentOS7 基础环境搭建---制作系统模板
环境准备vmware workstation 11
硬件环境
处理器这里开启VT-x
实验用的宿主机系统版本
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1503-01.iso
[root@data-1-1 opt]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core) [root@data-1-1 opt]# uname -rm 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 x86_64 [root@data-1-1 opt]#
系统采用最小化安装，安装时为了让默认网卡名字为eth0，安装之前传递参数
按tab键后，末尾加入net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
这是通过编辑/etc/default/grub并加入“net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 ”到GRUBCMDLINELINUX变量来实现的。
末尾加上vga=791 是为了让安装是显示分辨率高一点，便于显示全部。否则虚拟机窗口可能显示不全
关于分辨率参照表如下
系统安装时的配置：
软件包选择：最小化安装
添加中文语言支持
分区方案：boot分区500MB，swap分区4GB，其余全给根分区。采用标准分区格式，不使用lvm
取消KDUMP
点击网卡，确认是否已经是eth0
安装之后修改ip地址为静态的，同时删除IPv6相关的行
[root@data-1-1 opt]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=static DEFROUTE=yes PEERDNS=yes PEERROUTES=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=eth0 DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.145.131 GATEWAY=192.168.145.2 DNS1=192.168.145.2 [root@data-1-1 opt]#
命令行执行下面，关闭selinux和防火墙，修改主机名，退出窗口重新登录
systemctl stop firewalld.service systemctl disable firewalld.service echo 'alias cls="clear screen"'>>.bash_profile echo "alias grep='grep --colour=auto'" >>/etc/profile sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config setenforce 0 hostnamectl set-hostname data-1-1
添加dns解析，可以采用公网dns，也可以采用公司内部dns
[root@data-1-1 ~]# ping www.baidu.com ping: unknown host www.baidu.com [root@data-1-1 ~]# vi /etc/resolv.conf [root@data-1-1 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 10.0.1.11 [root@data-1-1 ~]# ping www.baidu.com PING www.a.shifen.com (115.239.211.112) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 115.239.211.112: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=4.81 ms --- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.816/4.816/4.816/0.000 ms [root@data-1-1 ~]#
安装基础软件包
[root@data-1-1 ~]# yum install lsof vim screen mtr nc nmap lrzsz openssl-devel gcc glibc gcc-c++ make zip dos2unix mysql sysstat wget rsync net-tools dstat setuptool system-config-* iptables ntsysv mlocate telnet tree -y Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com Package 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-1.el7_3.1.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package screen-4.1.0-0.23.20120314git3c2946.el7_2.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:mtr-0.85-7.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:nmap-ncat-6.40-7.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:nmap-6.40-7.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 1:openssl-devel-1.0.1e-60.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package gcc-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package glibc-2.17-157.el7_3.1.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package gcc-c++-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package zip-3.0-11.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package dos2unix-6.0.3-4.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package sysstat-10.1.5-11.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package wget-1.14-13.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package rsync-3.0.9-17.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package dstat-0.7.2-12.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package setuptool-1.19.11-8.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package system-config-keyboard-base-1.4.0-4.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-printer-udev-1.4.1-19.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package system-config-printer-libs-1.4.1-19.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-firewall-1.2.29-10.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-users-docs-1.0.9-6.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-printer-1.4.1-19.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package system-config-users-1.3.5-2.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-date-docs-1.0.11-4.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-firewall-base-1.2.29-10.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-keyboard-1.4.0-4.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-firewall-tui-1.2.29-10.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-language-1.4.0-7.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-kickstart-2.9.6-1.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-date-1.10.6-2.el7.centos.noarch already installed and latest version Package system-config-kdump-2.0.13-15.el7.centos.noarch already installed and latest version Package iptables-1.4.21-17.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package ntsysv-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do [root@data-1-1 ~]#
mlocate包的作用能让
centos7 使用updatedb和locate命令
基础rpm包补充
[root@data-1-1 data]# yum install unzip zip chkconfig -y Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.cn99.com Package unzip-6.0-16.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package zip-3.0-11.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do [root@data-1-1 data]#
安装命令自动补全工具
CentOS7官方源默认已经包含bash-completion，直接安装
yum -y install bash-completion
centos6默认不带这个包，需要通过epel源安装
默认情况下，CentOS6官方源不包含bash-completion，需要从epel源中安装。可直接安装rpm包 # rpm -ivh https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/bash-completion-1.3-7.el6.noarch.rpm 或者安装epel的repo源，通过yum安装 # rpm -ivh https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm # yum -y install bash-completion
安装tcpdump，它是个抓包工具，有时候会用到
安装psmisc包，安装之后多了 fuser, killall,pstree等命令
yum install tcpdump -y yum install psmisc -y
安装时间同步工具
yum install ntpdate -y
做时间同步
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo '*/15 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time1.aliyun.com &>/dev/null' >>/var/spool/cron/root
