初级美语 L129：Seven Years' Bed Luck 解析

一、Reading

I have a very superstitious friend called Mack. He thinks that if he breaks a mirror, he will have seven years' bad luck. As a result, Mack doesn't have any mirrors in his house. But not all superstitions are about bad luck. For instance. Mack also believes that if he drops his chopsticks, someone will invite him to dinner. So, Mack is always drop ping his chopsticks and waiting for an invitation.

二、解析

■ I have a very superstitious friend called Mack.

= I have a very superstitious friend（who is）called Mack.

  • 主：I
  • 谓：have
  • 定：very superstitious
  • 宾：a friend
  • 后定：called Mack. （分词短语做后置定语，由定从简化而来）

who is called Mack：who 引导形容词从句，被动语态，who/which is 可省略。

■ He thinks that if he breaks a mirror, he will have seven years' bad luck.

原句：He thinks that he will have seven years' bad luck，if he breaks a mirror.
整个 if 引导的副词从句，修改 that 引导的名词从句。

  • 主：He
  • 谓：thinks
  • 宾：that , he will have seven years' bad luck.
    • 引：that
    • 虚拟语气、状从：if he breaks a mirror
    • 时态：一般将来时
    • 主：he
    • 谓：will have
    • 定：seven years' bad
    • 宾：luck.

■ Mack doesn't have any mirrors in his house.

  • 时态：一般现在时，否定句。
  • 主：Mack
  • 谓：doesn't have
  • 宾：any mirrors
  • 地状：in his house.

■ But not all superstitions are about bad luck.

  • 主：not all superstitions，（此处的 all 为形容词“所有的”，all 前加 not 形容部分否定。）
  • 系：are
  • 表：about bad luck.
    • 介：about（与...有关）
    • 定：bad
    • 宾：luck.

■ Mack also believes that if he drops his chopsticks, someone will invite him to dinner.

原句：Mack also believes that someone will invite him to dinner, if he drops his chopsticks.
整个if引导的副词从句，修改that引导的名词从句。

  • 主：Mack
  • 谓：believes
  • 宾：that if he drops his chopsticks, someone will invite him to dinner.
    • 引：that
    • 虚拟语气：if he drops his chopsticks
      • 引：if
      • 主：he
      • 谓：drops
      • 宾：his chopsticks（筷子有两根，故加 s。）
    • 时态：一般将来时
    • 主：someone
    • 谓：will invite
    • 宾：him
    • 目状：to dinner.

■ Mack is always dropping his chopsticks and waiting for an invitation.

  • 时态：现在进行时。
  • 主：Mack
  • 状：always
  • 谓：is dropping
  • 宾：his chopsticks
  • 连：and
  • 谓：is waiting for
  • 宾：an invitation.

三、语法

  1. 时间名词作所有格的用法。
  2. not 与 all 形成的部分否定用法。
  3. all、both、every 之前置 not 均形成部分部分否定。
  4. 完全否定用法:
    （1）none of + 数量有三个或以上的名词或代词：都不...
    （2）neither of + 数量只有两个的名词或代词：都不...

以上语法详见教材讲解。