初级美语 L103 Air Pollution 解析

一、Reading

Why do people get headaches in a crowded, stuffy room？ Because they are breathing bad air. People who breathe bad air for a long time can get really sick. They may even get lung cancer and die. People need fresh air. Fresh air cleans the blood. For our health's sake, we should all, therefore, do our part to fight against air pollution.

二、解析

■ Why do people get headaches in a crowded, stuffy room？

  • 疑问词：Why
  • 助动：do
  • 主：people
  • 系：get
  • 表：headaches
  • 地状：in a crowded, stuffy room
    • 介：in
    • 定：a crowded, stuffy
    • 宾：room

be crowded with...：挤满了...

■ Because they are breathing bad air.

  • 时态：一般现在进行时。
  • 连：Because
  • 主：they
  • 谓：are breathing
  • 定：bad
  • 宾：air.

■ People who breathe bad air for a long time can get really sick.

  • 主：People
  • 定：who breathe bad air for a long time
  • 系：can get
  • 状：really（修 get）
  • 表：sick.

■ They may even get lung cancer and die.

  • 主：They
  • 助动：may
  • 状：even
  • 系：get
  • 表：lung cancer
  • 并连：and
  • 谓：die.

lung cancer：肺癌

■ People need fresh air.

  • 主：People
  • 系：need
  • 表：fresh air.

■ Fresh air cleans the blood.

  • 主：Fresh air
  • 系：cleans
  • 表：the blood.

■ For our health's sake, we should all, therefore, do our part to fight against air pollution.

  • 状：therefore，
  • 状：For our health's sake
    • 介：For
    • 定：our health's
    • 宾：sake
  • 主：we
  • 谓：should do
  • 定：all（修 we）
  • 宾：our part
  • 目状：to fight against air pollution.
    • 介：to
    • 谓：fight against
    • 宾：air pollution.

sake：n.缘故
for + 所有格 + sake = for the sake of + 名词：为了...的缘故

do one's part to + 动词原形：尽某人一已之力做...

fight：vi.与...战斗/对抗，三态：fight、fought、fought。
fight against...：对抗...

三、语法

（1）“get + 形容词”的用法。
（2）"get + 过去分词"形成被动语态。
（3）两个形容词共同修饰一个名词时，本应该使用 and 连接，但亦可使用逗号取代 and，使该两个形容词的关系更加密切。

以上语法详见教材讲解。