RSA签名

公钥加密，私钥解密

公钥、私钥成对出现

 

A 与 B通信，A握有自己的私钥（PrA）以及B的公钥（PuB），B握有自己的私钥（PrB）以及A的公钥（PuA）

A向B发送请求，A用B的公钥（PuB）加密请求参数，B收到参数后用自己的私钥（PrB）验签，验签成功后。B向A发送处理结果，即：

B向A发送请求，B用A的公钥（PuA）加密请求参数，A收到参数后用自己的私钥（PrA）验签，结束该次通信。

 

代码实现如下：

  public class RsaHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 签名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="preStr">需要签名的内容</param>
        /// <param name="privateKey">私钥</param>
        /// <param name="charset">编码格式</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Sign(string preStr, string privateKey, string charset = "utf-8")
        {
            byte[] Data = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(preStr);
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePemPrivateKey(privateKey);
            SHA1 sh = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] signData = rsa.SignData(Data, sh);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(signData);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 验证签名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="preStr">需要验证的内容</param>
        /// <param name="sign">签名结果</param>
        /// <param name="publicKey">公钥</param>
        /// <param name="charset">编码格式</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool Verify(string preStr, string sign, string publicKey, string charset = "utf-8")
        {
            bool result = false;
            sign = sign.Replace("%2B", "+");
            Encoding code = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset);
            byte[] preData = code.GetBytes(preStr);
            byte[] signData = Convert.FromBase64String(sign);
            RSAParameters paraPub = ConvertFromPublicKey(publicKey);
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaPub = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsaPub.ImportParameters(paraPub);

            SHA1 sh = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
            result = rsaPub.VerifyData(preData, sh, signData);
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用RSA解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="prestr">待解密字符串</param>
        /// <param name="privateKey">私钥</param>
        /// <param name="charset">编码格式</param>
        /// <returns>解密结果</returns>
        public static string Decrypt(string prestr, string privateKey, string charset)
        {
            byte[] DataToDecrypt = Convert.FromBase64String(prestr);
            List<byte> result = new List<byte>();

            for (int j = 0; j < DataToDecrypt.Length / 128; j++)
            {
                byte[] buf = new byte[128];
                for (int i = 0; i < 128; i++)
                {
                    buf[i] = DataToDecrypt[i + 128 * j];
                }
                result.AddRange(Decrypt(buf, privateKey, charset));
            }
            byte[] source = result.ToArray();
            char[] asciiChars = new char[Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetCharCount(source, 0, source.Length)];
            Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetChars(source, 0, source.Length, asciiChars, 0);
            return new string(asciiChars);
        }

        #region Private Func
        private static byte[] Decrypt(byte[] data, string privateKey, string charset)
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePemPrivateKey(privateKey);
            SHA1 sh = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
            return rsa.Decrypt(data, false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 解析java生成的pem文件私钥
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pemstr"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodePemPrivateKey(String pemstr)
        {
            byte[] pkcs8privatekey;
            pkcs8privatekey = Convert.FromBase64String(pemstr);
            if (pkcs8privatekey != null)
            {
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodePrivateKeyInfo(pkcs8privatekey);
                return rsa;
            }
            else
                return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 解析私钥
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pkcs8"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodePrivateKeyInfo(byte[] pkcs8)
        {

            byte[] SeqOID = { 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00 };
            byte[] seq = new byte[15];

            MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(pkcs8);
            int lenstream = (int)mem.Length;
            BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);      //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;

            try
            {

                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)    //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
                    binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();    //advance 2 bytes
                else
                    return null;


                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x02)
                    return null;

                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();

                if (twobytes != 0x0001)
                    return null;

                seq = binr.ReadBytes(15);        //read the Sequence OID
                if (!CompareByteArrays(seq, SeqOID))    //make sure Sequence for OID is correct
                    return null;

                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x04)    //expect an Octet string 
                    return null;

                bt = binr.ReadByte();        //read next byte, or next 2 bytes is  0x81 or 0x82; otherwise bt is the byte count
                if (bt == 0x81)
                    binr.ReadByte();
                else
                    if (bt == 0x82)
                        binr.ReadUInt16();
                //------ at this stage, the remaining sequence should be the RSA private key

                byte[] rsaprivkey = binr.ReadBytes((int)(lenstream - mem.Position));
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsacsp = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(rsaprivkey);
                return rsacsp;
            }

            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }

            finally { binr.Close(); }

        }

        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPrivateKey(byte[] privkey)
        {
            byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ;

            // ---------  Set up stream to decode the asn.1 encoded RSA private key  ------
            MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(privkey);
            BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);      //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;
            int elems = 0;
            try
            {
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)    //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
                    binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();    //advance 2 bytes
                else
                    return null;

                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes != 0x0102)    //version number
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x00)
                    return null;


                //------  all private key components are Integer sequences ----
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                MODULUS = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                E = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                D = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                P = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                Q = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                DP = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                DQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                IQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----
                RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                RSAParameters RSAparams = new RSAParameters();
                RSAparams.Modulus = MODULUS;
                RSAparams.Exponent = E;
                RSAparams.D = D;
                RSAparams.P = P;
                RSAparams.Q = Q;
                RSAparams.DP = DP;
                RSAparams.DQ = DQ;
                RSAparams.InverseQ = IQ;
                RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams);
                return RSA;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return null;
            }
            finally { binr.Close(); }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 比较字节数组
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="a">数组A</param>
        /// <param name="b">数组B</param>
        /// <returns>是否相等</returns>
        private static bool CompareByteArrays(byte[] a, byte[] b)
        {
            if (a.Length != b.Length)
                return false;
            int i = 0;
            foreach (byte c in a)
            {
                if (c != b[i])
                    return false;
                i++;
            }
            return true;
        }

        private static int GetIntegerSize(BinaryReader binr)
        {
            byte bt = 0;
            byte lowbyte = 0x00;
            byte highbyte = 0x00;
            int count = 0;
            bt = binr.ReadByte();
            if (bt != 0x02)        //expect integer
                return 0;
            bt = binr.ReadByte();

            if (bt == 0x81)
            {
                count = binr.ReadByte();    // data size in next byte
            }
            else
            {
                if (bt == 0x82)
                {
                    highbyte = binr.ReadByte();    // data size in next 2 bytes
                    lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                    byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };
                    count = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);
                }
                else
                {
                    count = bt;        // we already have the data size
                }
            }
            while (binr.ReadByte() == 0x00)
            {
                count -= 1;    //remove high order zeros in data
            }
            binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current); //last ReadByte was not a removed zero, so back up a byte
            return count;
        }

        #region 解析.net 生成的Pem
        private static RSAParameters ConvertFromPublicKey(string pemFileConent)
        {

            byte[] keyData = Convert.FromBase64String(pemFileConent);
            if (keyData.Length < 162)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("pem file content is incorrect.");
            }
            byte[] pemModulus = new byte[128];
            byte[] pemPublicExponent = new byte[3];
            Array.Copy(keyData, 29, pemModulus, 0, 128);
            Array.Copy(keyData, 159, pemPublicExponent, 0, 3);
            RSAParameters para = new RSAParameters();
            para.Modulus = pemModulus;
            para.Exponent = pemPublicExponent;
            return para;
        }

        private static RSAParameters ConvertFromPrivateKey(string pemFileConent)
        {
            byte[] keyData = Convert.FromBase64String(pemFileConent);
            if (keyData.Length < 609)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("pem file content is incorrect.");
            }

            int index = 11;
            byte[] pemModulus = new byte[128];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemModulus, 0, 128);

            index += 128;
            index += 2;//141
            byte[] pemPublicExponent = new byte[3];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemPublicExponent, 0, 3);

            index += 3;
            index += 4;//148
            byte[] pemPrivateExponent = new byte[128];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemPrivateExponent, 0, 128);

            index += 128;
            index += ((int)keyData[index + 1] == 64 ? 2 : 3);//279
            byte[] pemPrime1 = new byte[64];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemPrime1, 0, 64);

            index += 64;
            index += ((int)keyData[index + 1] == 64 ? 2 : 3);//346
            byte[] pemPrime2 = new byte[64];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemPrime2, 0, 64);

            index += 64;
            index += ((int)keyData[index + 1] == 64 ? 2 : 3);//412/413
            byte[] pemExponent1 = new byte[64];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemExponent1, 0, 64);

            index += 64;
            index += ((int)keyData[index + 1] == 64 ? 2 : 3);//479/480
            byte[] pemExponent2 = new byte[64];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemExponent2, 0, 64);

            index += 64;
            index += ((int)keyData[index + 1] == 64 ? 2 : 3);//545/546
            byte[] pemCoefficient = new byte[64];
            Array.Copy(keyData, index, pemCoefficient, 0, 64);

            RSAParameters para = new RSAParameters();
            para.Modulus = pemModulus;
            para.Exponent = pemPublicExponent;
            para.D = pemPrivateExponent;
            para.P = pemPrime1;
            para.Q = pemPrime2;
            para.DP = pemExponent1;
            para.DQ = pemExponent2;
            para.InverseQ = pemCoefficient;
            return para;
        }
        #endregion

        #endregion
    }